Psychoda cultella, Salmela, Jukka, Kvifte, Gunnar M. & More, Anna, 2012

Salmela, Jukka, Kvifte, Gunnar M. & More, Anna, 2012, Description of a new Psychoda Latreille species from Fennoscandia (Diptera: Psychodidae), Zootaxa 3313, pp. 34-43 : 35-38

Psychoda cultella sp. n.

Figs 1–3 , 4a

Psychoda sp ( Salmela et al. 2007: 47, sampling locality)

Chodopsycha sp ( Salmela 2008: 54, sampling locality)

Psychoda sp 1 ( Ilmonen & Salmela 2010: 20; Salmela 2011: 25, sampling localities)

Material examined: Holotype, male. FINLAND, Li: Utsjoki, Kevo, Kutuniemi 7740:3500, 7.VIII. 2000 S. Neuvonen leg. (in alcohol, ZMUT, Fig. 1 a). Left antenna broken, right antenna intact. Legs of the left side are missing, right mid and hind legs are present. Paratypes, 176 males: FINLAND, Li: Utsjoki, Kevo, Kutuniemi 7740:3500, 7.VIII. 2000 S. Neuvonen leg., 2 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); the same locality but 1.VI.–12.VII. 2000, 2 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); Li: Utsjoki, Skallovaara 7740:3500, 13.VII. 2000 S. Neuvonen leg., 1 male (slide mounted, ZMUT); Le: Enontekiö, Pahtavaara SE, 7625151:3321084, 11.VI.–19.VII. 2009 J. Salmela leg, 7 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); Lkoc: Kittilä, Narkivaara NE, 7584693:3409932, 1.–31.VIII. 2007, J. Salmela leg., 1 male (in alcohol, ZMUT); Ks: Taivalkoski, Ruokamaanoja, 7268984:3541491, 2.VII.–1.VIII. 2006 J. Salmela leg., 8 males (in alcohol, MZHF); Ks: Taivalkoski, Mäntymaanoja, 7269129:3542210, 3.VII.–1.VIII. 2006, J. Salmela leg., 12 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); Ks: Taivalkoski, Kurjenoja, 7282803:3553388, 2.VII.–1.VIII. 2006 J. Salmela leg., 11 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); Ks: Taivalkoski, Karhuoja 65.4161N ° 27.9536E ° 25.V.–23.VI.2007 J. Salmela leg., 1 male (slide mounted, ZMUT); Ks: Kuusamo, Saaripuro, 7357336:3611517, 1.VII.–3.VIII. 2005 J. Salmela leg., 1 male (in alcohol, ZMUT); Ks: Kuusamo, Kalliojoki, 7344909:3610594, 22.VI.–3.VIII. 2005 J. Salmela leg., 1 male (in alcohol, ZMUT); Oba: Pudasjärvi, Murto–oja, 7267183:3525642, 1.VI.–3.VII. 2006 J. Salmela leg., 1 male (slide mounted, ZMUT); Oba: Pudasjärvi, Säynäjäoja, 7248094:3539234, 25.V.–23.VI. 2007 J. Salmela leg., 1 male (in alcohol, MZHF); Om: Kälviä, Kaakkurinneva, 7093674:3322690, 27.VII.–23.IX. 2008 J. Salmela leg., 1 male (in alcohol, ZMUT); Oa: Kauhajoki, Kärkikeidas SW, 6905266:3247527, 1.VIII.–14.IX. 2008 J. Salmela leg., 4 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); Oa: Kauhajoki, Kauhalammi SE, 6907401:3263801, 1.VII. 2008 J. Salmela leg., 1 male (slide mounted, ZMUT); the same locality and date, 11 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); St: Honkajoki, Hautakorpi, 6886031:3244032, 1.–30.VI. 2008 J. Salmela leg., 19 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); the same locality but 2.V.– 1.VI. 2008, 6 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); St: Kankaanpää, Kiviahde, 6877278:3260596, 1.–31.V. 2008 J. Salmela leg., 3 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); St: Kankaanpää, Lähdetneva 6864869:3261866, 1.VII.–10.VIII. 2008 J. Salmela leg., 2 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); St: Kankaanpää, Hevoshaankeidas, 6876609:3260476, 1.VII.–9.VIII. 2008 J. Salmela leg., 3 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); Sb: Vieremä, Kurkipuro, 7093441:3483640, 18.VI.–13.VII. 2008, J. Salmela leg., 3 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); Kb: Nurmes, Niinimäki, 7053724:3615945, 21.VI.–16.VII. 2008 J. Salmela leg., 17 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); Kb: Nurmes, Rajapuro, 7055314:3624158, 20.VI.–15.VII. 2008 J. Salmela leg., 26 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); Kb: Rautavaara, Risupuro 7033949:3565089, 15.VIII.–21.IX. 2008 J. Salmela leg., 1 male (in alcohol, ZMUT); Kb: Rautavaara, Nurmespuro, 7034411:3560105, 19.VI.–14.VII. 2008 J. Salmela leg., 14 males (in alcohol, ZMUT); Kb: Rautavaara, Pankapuro, 7060512:3571797, 15.VIII.–21.IX. 2008 J. Salmela leg., 1 male (in alcohol, ZMUT); the same locality but 18.V.–21.VI. 2008, 1 male (slide mounted, ZMUT); Kb: Rautavaara, Ukonpuro, 7055557:3572303, 19.VI.–16.VII. 2008 J. Salmela leg., 3 males (slide mounted, ZMUT); the same locality but 15.VIII.–21.IX. 2008, 1 male (in alcohol, ZMUT); Tb: Jyväskylä, Sarvivuori 62.1820N ° 25.7473E °, 8.VI.2002 J. Salmela leg., 1 male (slide mounted, ZMUT); Tb: Petäjävesi, Purokoski 62.3768 N ° 25.0683E °, 1.VIII.–9.X.2007 J. Salmela & L. Mikonranta leg., 1 male (slide mounted, ZMLU); Ab: Kiikala, Varesjoki, 670746:331380, 1.VIII.–1.IX. 2006 J. Ilmonen leg., 1 male (in alcohol, ZMUT). NORWAY, Finnmark: Sør–Varanger, Pasvik, 96–høyden, Russevann, 69.44497°N, 29.89904 °E, 60 m. a.s.l., 19.–24.VI.2010, Finnmarksprosjektet leg., 1 male (slide mounted, ZMUB, GenBank accession number JQ349634 ), same locality but 24.VI–20.VII.2010, Finnmarksprosjektet leg., 1 male (slide mounted, ZMUB, GenBank accession number JQ349633 ). Finnmark: Sør–Varanger, Pasvik, Sametijohka, 69.40106°N, 29.71923°E, 43 m. a.s.l., 24.VI– 20.VII.2010, Finnmarksprosjektet leg., 1 male (slide mounted, ZMUB), same locality but 21.VIII–6.IX.2010, 1 male (slide mounted, ZMUB), Finnmark: Porsanger, Baukop Vuolit Gealbbotjavri, 70.20469°N, 24.90605°E, 26 m. a.sl., 26.VII–25.VIII.2010, Finnmarksprosjektet leg., 2 males (slide mounted, ZMUB), Finnmark: Kautokeino, Nahpoljohka, 69.21029°N, 23.76200° E, 320 m. a.s.l., 6–20.VIII.2010, Finnmarksprosjektet leg., 1 male (slide mounted, ZMUB). Hordaland: Lindås, Vollom 60.6382 °N 5.2142 °E), 23.7– 3.8.1991, K.H. Thunes leg. 1 male, ZMUB #8419. Hordaland: Os, Raudli (60.274 °N, 5.484 °E), 25.VII–1.VIII.1991. G.A. Halvorsen leg. 1 male, ZMUB #B8416.

Diagnosis. Small species, wing length 1.4–1.9 mm. Antennae 16-segmented, last four flagellomeres globular. Flagellomere 11 with very short neck, flagellomeres 12–14 without necks; last three flagellomeres very small, fused or almost so. Labellum with five terminal digital projections. Gonostylus elongated, almost straight. Aedeagus ca. 1.7 times longer than gonostylus. Distiphalli bipartite: ventral phallomere apically roundish or truncated, resembling blunt knife in lateral view; dorsal phallomere narrow and apically pointed, basally curved. Basiphallus (in lateral view) widened sub-basally. Cercopod ca. 1.9 times longer than gonostylus.

Description. Male. Head ( Fig. 2 a). Posterior interocular distance 27 (21–36, n=8), anterior distance 42 (34– 47, n=8). Width of clypeus 75 (63–89, n=8), length 67 (59–76, n=8). Labrum length 76 (56–119, n=8). Labellum with five terminal digital projections ( Fig. 2 b). Antennae 16-segmented. Scape prolonged (length 69, 57–81, n=8), pedicel globular (length 52, 45–60, n=8). Flagellomeres 1–10 pitcher-shaped, flagellomere 11 with very short neck. Flagellomeres 12–14 globular, wholly or partially fused ( Fig. 2 c). Ascoids 3-branched, present in flagellomeres 1– 11. Lengths of flagellomeres: f1 83 (70–96, n=8), f2 86 (75–99, n=8), f3 87 (80–101, n=8), f4 87 (80–98, n=8), f5 85 (77–100, n=7), f6 85 (75–100, n=7), f7 84 (73–85, n=6), f8 78 (73–85, n=6), f9 72 (59–79, n=6), f10 66 (50–81, n=5), f11 34 (30–39, n=4), f12 14 (11–16, n=4), f13 11 (9–13, n=4), f14 10 (9–12, n=4). Palpi 4-segmented, elongated, palpomeres 1–3 almost equal in length, p4 longest. Lengths of palpomeres: p1 68 (54–77, n=8), p2 64 (57–72, n=8), p3 63 (50–82, n=8), p4 78 (63–93, n=8). Thorax brownish, without distinctive features. Wing length 1.6 mm (1.4–1.9 mm, n=8). Wing venation, see Fig. 1 b. Halteres whitish, hyaline. Legs brownish. Tarsal claws curved and sharply pointed. Abdomen brownish. Hypandrium ribbon-like, nearly straight but slightly expanded medially. Gonocoxite slightly bulbous in basal part. Gonostylus elongated, almost straight ( Fig. 3 a), length 118 (100–136, n=8). Length of aedeagus 202 (168–250, n=8). Distiphalli bipartite: ventral phallomere apically roundish or truncated, resembling blunt knife in lateral view; dorsal phallomere narrow and apically pointed, basally curved ( Fig. 3 a,b, 4a). Basiphallus widened sub-basally in lateral view ( Fig. 3 b), narrow in dorsal view ( Fig. 3 a). Subaedeagal plate short, distally setose ( Fig. 3 a, 4a). Cercopod elongated ( Fig. 3 c), length 229 (210–262, n=8), retinaculum length 65 (57–72, n=8). Epandrium as in Fig. 3 d, internal structures not illustrated.

Female unknown.

Etymology. From latin cultella , knife, referring to the shape of the ventral phallomere.

DNA barcode. Two Norwegian Psychoda cultella sp. n. specimens (GenBank accession numbers JQ349633 and JQ349634 ), have been sequenced for their COI–5P barcoding region (658 bp). Kimura parameter 2 (K2P) distance between these specimens was small, only 0.46 %, i.e. three nucleotides between the sequences were different in the following sites: 118 (C/T), 256 (A/C), 616 (C/T). These differences have no effect in the coding of amino acids. Compared to some Fennoscandian Psychoda species, P. cultella sp. n. seems to have rather isolated position: its pair-wise K2P distances between P. s a tc h el li Quate, P. grisescens Tonnoir , P. phalaenoides Linnaeus and P. lobata Tonnoir are each about 10 % (G.M. Kvifte, unpublished data).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Psychoda cultella sp. n. a) Holotype male, habitus, lateral view. b) Paratype male, wing. Scale bars: a 0.5 mm, b 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 2. Psychoda cultella sp. n., paratype male. a) head, dorsal view. b) Labellum. c) Apical flagellomeres (f 11 – f 16) of antenna. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 3. Psychoda cultella sp. n., paratype male. a) Gonocoxites, gonostyli and aedeagus, dorsal view. b) Aedeagus, lateral view. c) Cercopod and retinaculum, lateral view. d) Epandrium, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 4. a) Psychoda cultella sp. n. and b) Psychoda grisescens Tonnoir, male aedeagal complex, dorsal view.