Parakontikia ventrolineata ( Dendy, 1892 )

Luna, Manuel De & Boll, Piter Kehoma, 2023, An annotated checklist of terrestrial flatworms (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) from Mexico, with new records of invasive species from a citizen science platform and a new nomen dubium, Zootaxa 5297 (4), pp. 518-532 : 525-526

Parakontikia ventrolineata ( Dendy, 1892)

Figs. 15, 16 , 26 .

Hyman (1939b, as Geoplana mexicana : 425–426; figs. 48b–c; MEXICO: Unspecified, intercepted in the USA).

Ogren (1990, as Kontikia mexicana : 23–28; figs. 1–7; MEXICO: Unspecified, intercepted in the USA).

Ogren & Kawakatsu (1991, as Kontikia mexicana : 82; catalog).

Ogren et al. (1996, as Kontikia mexicana : 91–92; catalog).

Jones et al. (1998: 91–96; figs. 1–2; MEXICO: Unspecified, intercepted in the USA).

Ogren et al. (1997: 80; catalog).

Winsor et al. (2004: 246; table 5).

External diagnosis ( Dendy 1892). Dorsum very dark gray, almost black, with two narrow lines of light gray, one on either side of a median dark gray line of about equal width. There is a similar narrow line of pale gray on either side of the body, just visible from the dorsal surface. The ventral surface exhibits a pair of brownish longitudinal stripes on a gray background. The eyes are in a single row, contour the anterior tip, and continue laterally to the hind end.

The absence of a head plate differentiates it from both species of Bipalium . The large number of eyes differs much from Diporodemus yucatani , Rhynchodemus sylvacitus and both species of Dolichoplana . It differs from Caenoplana coerulea in the eye pattern, that it lacks any blueish tinge, and that the median stripe is dark. Finally, it differs from Endeavouria septemlineata in the smaller number of dark dorsal stripes (3 versus 7), the presence of paired brownish ventral stripes, and that the eyes contour the anterior tip.

iNaturalist observations: MEXICO: CIUDAD DE MEXICO: One specimen observed 25 September 2021; 19.2843°N, - 99.1822°W; 2329m a.s.l. ; uploaded by spidymau (#96165571). One specimen observed 1 September 2021; 19.3487°N, - 99.2613°W; 2569m a.s.l. ; uploaded by moica8 (#93314581). One specimen observed 11 June 2018; 19.3303°N, - 99.1172°W; 2241m a.s.l. ; uploaded by alfredoeloisa (#15936144). One specimen observed 28 August 2017; 19.3303°N, - 99.1172°W; 2241m a.s.l. ; uploaded by alfredoeloisa (#8149132). One specimen observed 20 June 2017; 19.3303°N, - 99.1172°W; 2241m a.s.l. ; uploaded by alfredoeloisa (#6819353). One specimen observed 30 June 2021; 19.3157°N, - 99.1869°W; 2319m a.s.l. ; uploaded by diego15 (#85236018). One specimen observed 17 October 2022; 19.3097°N, - 99.1603°W; 2277m a.s.l. ; uploaded by urigarcia (#139195135). One specimen observed 9 October 2022; 19.2463°N, - 99.2228°w; 3043m a.s.l. ; uploaded by idlegrraphics (#138583893) ESTADO DE MEXICO: Two specimens observed 10 June 2022; 19.7097°N, - 99.9479°W; 2567m a.s.l. ; uploaded by ozano_karemy (#122889927). One specimen observed 26 August 2020; 19.9105°N, - 99.1436°W; 2219m a.s.l. ; uploaded by l_ernesto_perez-montes (#57698546). One specimen observed 19 June 2015; 19.8039°N, - 99.0930°W; 2259m a.s.l. ; uploaded by alfredoeloisa (#1649432, #1649532). One specimen observed 5 May 2021; 19.9734°N, - 99.0473°W; 2350m a.s.l. ; uploaded by yahir_santillan (#84479459). One specimen observed 29 April 2022; 19.2520°N, - 100.0099°W; 2343m a.s.l. ; uploaded by acarlos_c (#113516117). One specimen observed 24 November 2021; 19.8683°N, - 99.1317°W; 2336m a.s.l. ; uploaded by jozeph250701 (#101902362). One specimen observed 25 July 2022; 19.2517°N, - 100.0138°W; 2352m a.s.l. ; uploaded by veror16 (#134512983). One specimen observed 7 October 2022; 19.2507°N, - 100.0137°W; 2395m a.s.l. ; uploaded by veror16 (#138073964). Three specimens observed 17 November 2014; 19.7807°N, - 99.0189°W; 2252m a.s.l. ; uploaded by alfredoeloisa (#1081290). One specimen observed 19 January 2021; 19.5944°N, - 99.0120°W; 2240m a.s.l. ; uploaded by d_b (#68340226). One specimen observed 2 May 2021; 19.2909°N, - 99.9467°W; 2880m a.s.l. ; uploaded by biolosrherp (#77622304). One specimen observed 27 October 2022; 19.6378°N, -99.3584; uploaded by isa_piga (#140162770) . HIDALGO: Two specimens observed 30 May 2022; 20.1665°N, - 99.2846°W; 2043m a.s.l. ; uploaded by emmabarr (#120023438). One specimen observed 17 October 2021; 20.8763°N, - 99.2071°W; 2455m a.s.l. ; uploaded by mauketchum (#98899516). JALISCO: One specimen observed 10 February 2019; 20.6191°N, - 103.2624°W; 1657m a.s.l. ; uploaded by hormiguel (#20450283). MICHOACAN: Three specimens observed 29 September 2020; 19.6721°N, - 101.1916°W; 2035m a.s.l. ; uploaded by blanca37 (#61215470). Several specimens observed 9 January 2021; 19.6501°N, - 101.1563°W; 2117m a.s.l. ; uploaded by nachotorres (#67809257). One specimen observed 29 April 2019; 19.6727°N, - 101.2002°W; 1950m a.s.l. ; uploaded by siruki (#24066662). OAXACA: One specimen observed 5 July 2022; 17.0994°N, - 96.8667°W; 1667m a.s.l. ; uploaded by biologa_marina_lorena (#124892879) PUEBLA: One specimen observed 25 March 2017; 19.9597°N, - 98.1069°W; 2597m a.s.l. ; uploaded by rodolfo8 (#5812942). QUERETARO: One specimen observed 1 October 2021; 21.2694°N, - 99.0563°W; 879m a.s.l. ; uploaded by jair32 (#96829437). VERACRUZ: One specimen observed 10 October 2020; 19.6515°N, - 96.9801°W; 1686m a.s.l. ; uploaded by alberto_lozano (#62434899).

Figures

FIGURE 26. Map of Mexico pointing the iNaturalist records of the invasive terrestrial flatworms, excluding hammerhead flatworms (for those see de Luna et al. 2022): Caenoplana coerulea (blue circle), Dolichoplana carvalhoi (red hexagon), Dolichoplana striata (yellow hexagons), Endevouria septemlineata (orange squares), Parakontikia ventrolineata (green triangles), and Rhynchodemus sylvaticus (pink hexagon).

FIGURES 11–16. Illustrations of invasive species of Caenoplanini found in Mexico: dorsal (11) and ventral (12) aspect of Caenoplana coerulea; dorsal (13) and ventral (14) aspect of Endeavouria septemlineata; dorsal (15) and ventral (16) aspect of Parakontikia ventrolineata.