Onthophagus mexicanus Bates, 1887
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.21256/zhaw-23035 |
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/40658794-846A-3545-FF24-FB46FD17FE34 |
treatment provided by |
Valdenar |
scientific name |
Onthophagus mexicanus Bates |
status |
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Onthophagus mexicanus Bates View in CoL and
Onthophagus subcancer Howden Onthophagus mexicanus is a High Plateau inhabitant, whereas Onthophagus subcancer is a lowland occupant. Both were collected at their highest elevational limit (2,600 m and 2,500 m, respectively). Onthophagus subcancer was found on the east side of Zempoaltépetl, while O. mexicanus was collected near the High Plateau, in San Pablo Etla and on the western side of Zempoaltépetl. Both are atypically encountered in high mountains; therefore, they are not included in the key.
KEY TO THE SPECIES OF ONTHOPHAGUS IN View in CoL
THE SIERRA NORTE AND SIERRA SUR OF OAXACA, MEXICO
Based on keys by Morón (2003) and Zunino and
Halffter (1988a, b)
1. Pronotal prominence antero-medially obtuse. Bright black with a small, very dark reddish brown spot on base of 6 th elytral stria and another at apex of 5 th interstria. More oval and convex than is usual for Onthophagus View in CoL specie, due to the longitudinal reduction of the elytra and the corresponding abdominal areas ( Fig. 7 View Fig ). landolti View in CoL species-group ........................ .......................... Onthophagus zapotecus Zunino and Halffter, 1988 View in CoL
1 ′. Pronotum very convex with triangular or trapezoidal development, which is delimited posteriorly by two evident lateral tubercles. chevrolati View in CoL species-group ....................... 2
2. Secondary punctures of pronotal disk umbilicate as the primary punctures. Bronzecupreous, sericeous, with evident metallic shine. Frontal carina of female interrupted in middle, male carina complete. Anterior margin of pronotal prominence of male an acute angle ( Fig.1 View Fig ). aureofuscus View in CoL complex ................... ...... Onthophagus aureofuscus Bates, 1886 View in CoL
2 ′. Primary pronotal punctures simple ........... 3
3. Frontal carina trapezoidal, with sides straight or curved but not sinuate medially, sometimes arcuate or reduced to a small triangular tubercle. chevrolati View in CoL complex .................... 4
3 ′. Frontal carina with double anterior convexity, complete or effaced medially and/or lateral extremes, or trapezoidal and sinuate medially. undulans View in CoL complex ............................... 5
4. Sculpture of pronotal disk with primary punctures variable in size and density, effaced. General aspect robust. Very dark cupreous. Frontal carina of male trapezoidal or reduced to a flattened tubercule ( Fig. 3 View Fig ) ................. .......... Onthophagus retusus Harold, 1869 View in CoL
4 ′. Sculpture of pronotal disk with well-defined primary punctures. General aspect not robust. Black, sometimes dark green or brown. Frontal carina of male sometimes almost indistinctly trapezoidal, often arcuate anteriorly ( Fig. 2 View Fig ) .... ......... Onthophagus chevrolati Harold, 1869 View in CoL
5. Small species (length less than 8.5 mm). Frontal carina of the male slightly angulate in middle, distinctly carinate. Median pronotal tubercles absent. Shiny sericeous ( Fig. 5 View Fig ).... ............................ Onthophagus howdeni Zunino and Halffter, 1988 View in CoL
5 ′. Larger species. Frontal carina biconvex anteriorly ................................................. 6
6. Surface of pronotal disk irregular, with illdefined, shallowly excavated areas. Bronze. Sculpture of pronotum stronger and dense ( Fig. 6 View Fig ) ........................ Onthophagus oaxacanus Zunino and Halffter, 1988 View in CoL
6 ′. Pronotal surface uniformly convex. Dark brown, shiny sericeous, head and pronotum bronze-cupreous ( Fig. 4 View Fig ) .......................... ..................... Onthophagus howdenorum Zunino and Halffter, 1988 View in CoL
CLAVE PARA LAS ESPECIES DE ONTHOPHAGUS View in CoL
EN LA SIERRA NORTE Y SIERRA SUR DE OAXACA, MEXICO
En base de las claves en Morón (2003) y Zunino y
Halffter (1988a, b)
1. Pronoto muy desarrollado con una prominencia antero-medial obtusa. Color negro, brillante con una peque~ na mancha pardo rojiza muy oscura en la base de la 6 a estr´ıa elitral y otra en el ápice de la 5 a interestr´ıa. De forma más oval y convexa de lo que suele ser en las especies de Onthophagus View in CoL , debido a la reducción longitudinal de los élitros y de las áreas abdominales correspondientes ( Fig. 7 View Fig ). landolti View in CoL especie-grupo ............................ .......................... Onthophagus zapotecus Zunino y Halffter, 1988 View in CoL
1 ′. Pronoto muy convexo, con una prominencia amplia en forma de trapecio o triángulo, la cual está delimitada posteriormente por dos tubérculos laterales evidentes. chevrolati View in CoL especie-grupo ..................................... 2
2. Puntos secundarios del disco del pronoto umbilicados al igual que los principales. Color bronceado ser´ıceo, con evidentes reflejos metálicos. Quilla frontal de la hembra interrumpida en el centro, la del macho entera. Margen cefálico de la prominencia pronotal en forma de ángulo bastante agudo ( Fig. 1 View Fig ). complejo aureofuscus View in CoL ............................ ...... Onthophagus aureofuscus Bates, 1886 View in CoL
2 ′. Puntos principales del disco del pronoto simples ...................................................... 3
3. Quilla frontal en forma de trapecio, con los lados rectos o curvados, pero no sinuada en el centro, a veces arqueada o reducida a un tubérculo triangular. complejo chevrolati View in CoL .... ......................................................... 4
3 ′. Quilla frontal con doble convexidad anterior, entera o inaparente en el centro y/o las extremidades laterales, o en forma de trapecio sinuado en el centro. complejo undulans View in CoL .... ......................................................... 5
4. Escultura del disco del pronoto formada por puntos principales variables en tama~ no y densidad, pero siempre bastante indefinidos. Aspecto general robusto. Color mate o ser´ıceo, cobrizo muy obscuro. Quilla frontal del macho trapezoidal o reducida a un tubérculo triangular aplanado ( Fig. 3 View Fig ) ......................... .......... Onthophagus retusus Harold, 1869 View in CoL
4 ′. Escultura del disco del pronoto formada por puntos principales definidos. Aspecto general no especialmente robusto. Color mate o ser´ıceo, negro, a veces oscuramente verduzco o café. Quilla frontal de los machos a veces casi indistintamente trapezoidal, a menudo muy arqueada hacia adelante ( Fig. 2 View Fig ) .......... ....... Onthophagus chevrolati Harold, 1869
5. Especie peque~ na (longitud menor de 8.5 mm). Quilla frontal del macho ligeramente angulada en el centro, distintamente carinada. Tubérculos intermedios de la prominencia pronotal ausentes. Aspecto general ser´ıceo brillante ( Fig. 5 View Fig ) ....... .............................. Onthophagus howdeni Zunino y Halffter, 1988
5 ′. Especies grandes. Quilla frontal con doble convexidad anterior .............................. 6
6. Superficie del disco del pronoto irregular, presentando áreas ligeramente hundidas de contorno indefinido. Color bronceado. Escultura del pronoto más fuerte y densa ( Fig. 6 View Fig ) ............... ........................... Onthophagus oaxacanus Zunino y Halffter, 1988
6 ′. Superficie del pronoto uniformemente convexa. Color café oscuro, ser´ıceo brillante, cabeza y pronoto bronceado cobrizo ( Fig. 4 View Fig ) .............. ...................... Onthophagus howdenorum Zunino y Halffter, 1988
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