Tulipa greigii Regel

Tojibaev, Komiljon, Dekhkonov, Davron, Ergashov, Ibrokhimjon, Sun, Hang, Deng, Tao & Yusupov, Ziyoviddin, 2022, The synopsis of the genus Tulipa (Liliaceae) in Uzbekistan, Phytotaxa 573 (2), pp. 163-214 : 187-188

3.1. Tulipa greigii Regel in Gartenflora 22: 290, t. 773. (1873).

Type:— Illustration t. 773 in Gartenflora 22 (1873) [lectotype designated by Christenhusz et al. 2013: 312] .

Description:—Bulb ovoid, 2.5–4.0 cm thick; tunic coriaceous, prolonged, blackish-brown, on the inner surface densely lined with long silky hairs especially at the apex; stem (10)20–40(50) cm long, the upper part of stem and peduncle pubescent; leaves 3–4(5), more or less approximate, deflected, more or less undulate, glaucous, with violet stripes, dashes or spots, the upper ones more or less pubescent, ciliate, rapidly decreasing in size up the stem, commonly reaching the flower; basal leaf oblong to broadly elliptic, 3.5–14.0 cm broad, glabrous; flower solitary, elegant, cupshaped or goblet-shaped, usually light red or orange-red, rarely orange, yellow, cream or motley; perigone segments at base yellow with a blurry obtuse black or dirty violet blotch (yellow form – with red spots, creamy form – with yellow center), 3–10(12) cm long, relatively thick at the base, rather abruptly cuspidate at apex, the cusp pubescent; outer segments pubescent outside (especially on the back), ovate, reflexed outwards in the upper part, broader and slightly shorter than the obovate more or less connivent inner segments; stamens one-third the length of perigone; filaments glabrous, yellow, violet or blackish; anthers yellow or violet, twice the length of filaments; pollen yellow; ovary slightly shorter than stamens, cylindrical, greenish, with sessile stigma; capsule 2–3 cm broad, 4–6 cm long ( Fig. 8A ).

General distribution:—Tian-Shan ( Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan).

Distribution in Uzbekistan:—I-1 Western Tian-Shan district (I-1-a Ugam-Pskem region; I-1-b Western Chatkal region; I-1-d Kurama region; I-1-f Tashkent region).

Phenology:—Flowering: April–May; fruiting: May–June.

Ecology:—Clayely and stony slopes in foothills and lower mountain zone, rarely in middle mountain zone, 500– 2000(–2400) m a.s.l.

Etymology:—The species is named after S. Greig (1735–1788), Russian Admiral of Scottish origin, who distinguished himself in the Chesme (1770) and Hogland (1788) battles. In 1870, on the occasion of the 200th anniversary of Peter the Great, S. Greig proposed the idea of creating the Admiralty Garden in St. Petersburg. Later he was elected as the president of the Imperial Russian Horticultural Society. The garden was led by E. Regel who described this tulip in honor of Admiral Greig.

Note:—The species was described in 1873 from plants collected by famous Russian scientists Sewerzow (zoologist) and Fedtschenko (botanist) in the Karatau Mountains (present-time southern Kazakhstan). Firstly, Regel (1868) considered this tulip as a variation of the Altai tulip ( Tulipa altaica var. karatavica ), but later, in 1873, gave them the species rank. This species is the ornamental plant of the highest importance for selection. It is one of the most beautiful wild relatives of hundreds of cultivars of garden tulips. In the international classification, varieties of this species are combined into a separate class of “Greig’s Tulips ”.

Specimens examined:— UZBEKISTAN: Western Tian-Shan, Ugam-Pskem region, Karzhantau Range , Karzhantau , Aktash , 25 April 1926, Popov s.n. ( TASH!) ; surroundings of the village Khandaylyk, piedmonts and stony slopes, 6 May 1939, Achilov 13751 ( TASH!) ; surroundings of the village Khandaylyk, 24 May 1939, excursion of Tekhzar 13750 ( TASH!) ; mountains Karzhantau, watershed Aktash–Tuyasay , eastern slopes, 1200 m, 29 May 1939, Bukasov 42 ( TASH!) ; Aktash, slopes of the right bank of Akbulaksay, 28– 30.06.1956, Granitov 306, 395, 462 ( TASH!) ; Ugam Range, valley of river Pskem, right bank, the tract Kunch , steep south slope, 9 June 1956, Granitov 211 ( TASH!) ; Tashkent Province, Bostanlyk district, southern part of Ugam Range, watershed between villages Sidjak and Khumsan, 7 May 1958, Pavlov 54 ( MW) ; valley of river Pskem, banks of Teparsay, 18 May 1965, Achilov s.n. ( TASH!) ; valley of river Pskem, banks of Teparsay, 18 May 1965, Pjataeva s.n. ( TASH!) ; Tashkent Province, Ugam Range, between villages Sidjak and Kaynarsay, 23 April 2019, Maltzev s.n. ( TASH!) ; Pskem Range, Aksarsay, 3 km from the village Nanay , 27 June 1966, Vybornov s.n. ( TASH!) ; surroundings of the village Burchmulla, 29 April 2005, Tojibaev s.n. ( TASH!) ; Western Chatkal region, Chatkal Range, mountains Nurekata , 26 July 1918, Lapin s.n. ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Chimgan Botanical Station, village Charvak, mountain slopes, 1 May 1927, Gomolitsky s.n. ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Chimgan Botanical Station, Mt. Smaller Chimgan, gravelly slopes, 16 April 1929, Gomolitsky 129 ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Chimgan Botanical Station, lower part of the Chimgan valley, 21 April 1929, Gomolitsky 18 ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Chimgan Botanical Station, valley of the river Chimganka, 27 April 1929, Gomolitsky 60 ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Chimgan Botanical Station, Mt. Smaller Chimgan , 1700 m, 30 April 1929, Gomolitsky 86 ( TASH!) ; Chatkal Nature Reserve, Bashkyzylsay, north exposure, in the middle reaches of Iransay , among woodlands, 26 April 1953, Nazarenko s.n. ( TASH!) ; between rivers Angren and Chirchik, 1.5 km west of the village Aktepa, foothills, 9 May 1953, Butkov, Maylun , Slovinsky 285 ( TASH!) ; Tashkent Alatau, Mountain Forest Reserve, 1959, Medvedeva ( Herbarium of Chatkal Biosphere Reserve ); Parkent district , Bashkyzylsay , 25 June 1962, Nabiev , Pratov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Chatkal Nature Reserve, south-eastern slope on descend to III plot, 17 April 1974, Levichev s.n. ( TASH!) ; Chatkal Nature Reserve, Phenological Ridge, among stones, 11 May 1975, Levichev s.n. ( TASH!) ; Chatkal Nature Reserve, Iransay , 1200 m, 27 September 1979, Levichev s.n. ( TASH!) ; Chatkal Biosphere Reserve, Bashkyzylsay plot, Takhtakhodzhasay , near watershed, 24 June 2001, Mukhamedzhanova, Lynov, Chinov, Glavatskaya, Mamarachimov, Tojibaev 11 ( Herbarium of Chatkal Biosphere Reserve ); Chimgan , 21 April 2005, Tojibaev s.n. ( TASH!) ; on the way between Chimgan and Charvak, the valley Chimgansay, 21 April 2005, Tojibaev s.n. ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Charvak, 22 April 2005, Tojibaev s.n. ( TASH!) ; Tashkent Province, Chatkal Range, on the bank of the Charvak water reservoir, near the hotel Avenue Park , 8 April 2019, Maltzev s.n. ( TASH!) ; Kurama region, Chatkal Range, basin of the river Angren , foothills in surroundings of Shavassay , 04–06 August 1939, Korolev 249 ( TASH!) ; basin of the river Angren, middle reaches of the river Angren, surroundings of the village Karakhtay , 26 March 1944, Sumnevich s.n. ( TASH!) ; valley of the river Angren, right bank of the river, along the road Angren– Kamchik, below the valley Iertash , 10 April 1964, Pjataeva s.n. ( TASH!) ; Kurama Range, piedmont plain and foothills south of the village Telau, 7 May 1931, Butkov 24 ( TASH!) ; Tashkent region, station Uralskaya inter Taschkent et Chodjent, 10 April 1880, Regel s.n. ( LE) ; valley of the river Chirchik, from the fields of the village Troitsky, 25 March 1914, Michaylova 892 ( LE) ; Tashkent, slope of Bozsu, 31 June 1920, Popov s.n. ( TASH!) ; Tashkent, slope of Bozsu, 31 July 1920, Vvedensky s.n. ( TASH!) ; Syr-Darya Province, Tashkent district, Kaplanbek, hills, 11 April 1921, Vvedensky 242, 269, 275, 316 ( TASH!) ; Tashkent district, middle part of basin of the river Keles, village Chernyaevka , slopes of hills along Khan-aryk , 16 April 1921, Abolin 7326 ( TASH!) ; hills near Kaplanbek , 11–19 April 1933, students s.n. ( TASH!) ; surroundings of Tashkent, rainfed crops near the village Troitsky, 14 April 1940, Lepeshkin , Pazij 17174, 17175 ( TASH!) .

Figures

FIGURE 8. Species of Tulipa sect. Vinistriatae: A. T. greigii, B. T. vvedenskyi, C. T. butkovii. Scale bars, 1 cm.