Stachys annua subsp. annua

Akçiçek, Ekrem, 2020, Taxonomic revision of Stachys sect. Olisia (Lamiaceae: Lamioideae) in Turkey, Phytotaxa 449 (2), pp. 109-148 : 128-129

3c. subsp. annua ( Figs. 2A , 22, 23 ).

= Betonica annua var. glabra L., Sp. Pl.: 573 (1753) = Betonica annua var. hirsuta L., Sp. Pl.: 574 (1753) = Sideritis trinervia Gilib., Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 81 (1782), opus utique oppr. = Stachys nervosa Gaterau, Descr. Pl. Montauban : 107 (1789) = Stachys pubescens Ten., Fl. Napol. 1 (Prodr.): XXXIV (1812) = Stachys balbisii Link, Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 2: 110 (1822) = Stachys decumbens Willd. ex Benth., Linnaea 11: 336 (1837), nom. illeg. = Stachys procumbens Willd. ex Benth., Linnaea 11: 336 (1837) = Stachys annua var. maxima K.Koch, Linnaea 17: 299 (1844) = Stachys adenocalyx K.Koch, Linnaea 21: 691 (1849) = Stachys micrantha K.Koch, Linnaea 21: 690 (1849) = Stachys pubescens var. grandiflora Regel, Index Seminum St. Petersburg (Petropolitanus) , Suppl. 1867: 32 (1868) = Olisia delphinensis Fourr., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon n.s., 17: 136 (1869) = Stachys lazica Boiss., Fl. Orient. 4: 745 (1879) = S. annua (L.) L. subsp. annua . var. lycaonica R.Bhattacharjee , Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33: 289 (1974), syn. nov.

Type:—Described from Germany, Switzerland & France [lecto designated by Nelson in Jarvis & al. (ed.), Taxon 50: 510 (2001), Herb. Clifford: 310, Stachys 7, sheet A “annua ” (BM-000646054); image available at https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/data/linnaeantypification/search/detailimage.dsml?ID=130000].

Phenology: ―Flowering between April and September.

Distribution and ecology: ―West, central & south Europe, central & South-west Asia, Turkey (Widespread). Irano-Turanian element. Limestone gorges and slopes, edge of cultivated and fallow fields, streamsides, rocky slopes, gravelly banks, forest. 10–2200 m elevation.

Conservation status: ―LC ( IUCN 2017). It is widely distributed in Turkey and other countries, and no special threats appear to exist.

Remarks: ―Southwestern Asia, particularly Anatolia, is the highest diversification area for S. annua , rendering its taxonomy very difficult. In Europe, the species has lost much of its variability, and is represented only by var.

annua. According to Bhattacharjee (1974), S. annua is represented by 4 taxa in Anatolia ( subsp. annua var. annua, subsp. annua var. lycaonica , subsp. cilicica , and subsp. ammophila ). That author separated the broadly distributed var. annua from var. lycaonica only by the indumentum characteristics of the calyx tube (adpressed pubescent in var. annua versus patent-pilose with hairs ca. 2 mm long in var. lycaonica ). Furthermore, both varieties grow sympatrically in central Anatolia. Therefore, this variation is not considered to be reliable and both names are synonymysed herein.

Figures

FIGURE 2. A. Stachys annua subsp. annua (Akçiçek 5559); B. S. distans var. cilicica (Akçiçek 5527); C. S. diversifolia (Akçiçek 5595); D. S. inanis (Akçiçek 5630); E. S. maritima (Akçiçek 5624); F. S. distans var. distans (Akçiçek 5807); G. S. munzurdagensis (Akçiçek 5332).

FIGURE 23. Distribution map of Stachys annua subsp. annua (●), S. annua subsp. ammophila (▼), S. annua subsp. cilicica (▲) and S. maritima (▃) in Turkey.