Hirtodrosophila brasiliensis, Frech-Telles & Valente-Gaiesky & Gottschalk, 2023

Frech-Telles, Marcos Henrique, Valente-Gaiesky, Vera Lúcia da Silva & Gottschalk, Marco Silva, 2023, Three new Neotropical species of Hirtodrosophila Duda, 1923 (Diptera: Drosophilidae), Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (e 20230083) 67 (4), pp. 1-15 : 8

Hirtodrosophila brasiliensis n. sp.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F9DEF68B-0C5A-4562-8F8E-5E9C3F15C3FB ( Figs. 5 , 6 , 9 c-9e, 10)

Material examined.

Holotype:male, labelled “BRA [= Brazil] – MG [= State of Minas Gerais] – Bocaina de Minas (22°19’54.02”S, 44°32’36.19”W) Data: 05.xii.2020 - 20. xii.2020 Col.: Telles MHF; Vicenzi N OBS.: Armadilha [= Trap] Malaise ” ( Fig.10 ), “ Hirtodrosophila brasiliensis n. sp. Frech-Telles, Valente-Gaiesky, Gottschalk, ♂ Holotype ”.

Paratypes: 1 male, labelled “Brasil, RS [= State of Rio Grande do Sul], Rio Grande , ESEC [=Ecological Station] Taim, Mata da Sede - R3 Ponto 62 S 32.53781 W 52.53425 07-17.xii.2011 – Malaise Krüger RF col.” ( Fig. 10 ), “ Hirtodrosophila brasiliensis n. sp. Frech-Telles, Valente-Gaiesky, Gottschalk, ♂ Paratype ”. Specimen condition: Scutum damaged ; 1 male, labelled “Brasil, RS [=State of Rio Grande do Sul], Rio Grande , ESEC [=Ecological Station] Taim, Mata do Nicola - R3 Ponto 54 S 32.56269 W 52.50985, 07-17.xii.2011 - Malaise Krüger RF col.” ( Fig.10 ), “ Hirtodrosophila brasiliensis n. sp. Frech-Telles, Valente-Gaiesky, Gottschalk, ♂ Paratype ”. Specimen condition: Wrinkled .

Diagnosis.

Flies, in lateral view, with a seemingly continual longitudinal dark brown band from head to T 5, along the dorsal margin of the pleura and lateral margins of T 1- T 5. Wings infuscated, with large, black, apically roundish, costal lappet. Phallus ornamented with tiny lumps and scale-like micro-structures except for phallotrema margins; phallotrema section round, widened, less sclerotized near phallotrema margins.

Description.

Holotype ( Figs. 5 , 6 , 9c ). Head ( Fig. 5a, 5c ): dorsal half brown and ventral half light yellow. Eyes red, pubescent. Face dark brown, dorsal margin lighter, ventral half light yellow; facial carina mostly dark brown, with dorsal end lighter, narrow, prominent. Antennal scape brown; pedicel basally brown and apically lighter; flagellomere 1 dark brown, lighter basally, compressed, mango-shaped; arista with seven dorsal and one ventral branches, and terminal fork. Frons brown; fronto-orbital plate yellow, brown spot from the base of p rc frorb s to the base of medial vertical setae; fronto-orbital setae black; long pc frorb s and p rc frorb s; distance between pc frorb s and a rc frorb s = 0.03 mm, between pc frorb s and p rc frorb s = 0.07 mm, and between a rc frorb s and p rc frorb s = 0.06 mm; frontal vitta brown, yellow at the margin of ptilinal suture; frontal triangle small; ocellar triangle darker and flat; postocellar setae black, crossing. Genae light yellow. Clypeus brown; palpus brown, darker apically, large; labrum brown, labellum dark brown. Thorax ( Fig. 5b, 5c ): brown and light yellow. Scutum mostly brown, fine faint medial and sub-medial darker longitudinal bands, slightly lighter in the supra-alar region; anterior dorsocentral setae smaller than posterior dorsocentral setae; longitudinal dorsocentral setae distance about half the length of transversal dorsocentral setae distance; anterior dorsocentral setae placed about halfway between the transversal suture to the posterior end of scutum; six rows of acrostichal setulae. Postpronotum yellow. Scutellum brown, yellow laterally near the anterior margin; basal scutellar setae parallel, curved downwards, apical setae missing. Pleura light yellow, with brown longitudinal bands; proepisternum, anepimeron and anepisternum light yellow with marks forming a continuous dark brown band at the dorsal margin; katepisternum brown forming a band that advances posteriorly. Legs tan; fore coxae light brown; femora with dark brown bands on basal half; tibiae slightly darker. Wings ( Fig. 5f ): faint darker patch present bellow costal lappet. R 4+5 and M 1 slightly divergent. Halter brown, apically yellow. Indices: C = 1.82, ac = 2.75, hb = 0.94, 4c = 1.62, 4v = 2.94, 5x = 3.15, M = 1.21, prox. x = 0.68; measurements: length = 1.87 mm, width = 0.84 mm. Abdomen ( Fig. 5d, 5e ): T 1 brownish; T 2 dark brown, with sub-lateral yellow patches and a medial triangle-shaped yellow mark pointing posteriorly, the yellow mark is posteriorly faint; T 3 black, with sub-lateral yellow patches and anterior small faint yellow spots sub-laterally on the brown area, medial faint yellow patch; T 4 yellow, with a caudal black band enlarged medially resembling a hillock, sub-lateral yellow patches, laterally black, the black band is medially fainter at anterior margin; T 5 yellow, with a caudal black band enlarged medially, laterally brown; T 6 yellow. Sternites light. Intersegmental membranes light. Terminalia ( Fig. 6 ): epandrium as wide as long, with microtrichia and 10 upper setae; ventral lobe small, without microtrichia, with 1 apical seta. Cerci projected, not fused to epandrium, with microtrichia and long setae. Subepandrial sclerite sclerotinized and articulated with hypandrium. Surstylus round in ventral view, with approximately 5 prensisetae, 2 inner and 4 outer setae. Hypandrium longer than wide, larger than epandrium. Pregonite fused to the hypandrium, fused to each other, with a seta near postgonite. Postgonites sinuous in ventral view; broader in lateral view, with setae near pregonite. Phallotrema is roundish, resembling a 90°-turned eyelid. The overall shape of the phallus resembles a pitcher plant. Phallapodeme slightly curved ventrally, slim, approximately the same size as phallus. Body length: 2.04 mm.

Paratypes. 1 male ( Fig. 9d ), Wing indices: C = 1.78, ac = 2.95, hb = 0.84, 4c = 1.71, 4v = 3.11, 5x = 3.13, M = 1.24, prox. x = 0.63; measurements: length = 2.01 mm, width = 0.97 mm; Body length: 2.28 mm. 1 male ( Fig. 9e ), Wing indices: C = 1.87, ac = 3.00, hb = 0.97, 4c = 1.71, 4v = 3.11, 5x = 3.07, M = 1.23, prox. x = 0.69; measurements: length = 1.97 mm, width = 0.91 mm; Body length: 1.64 mm. Color and roundness of scutum varied on the paratypes, probably due to fixation artefacts.

Etymology. Named in reference to Brazil, where the types were collected.

The following description is of a female specimen of which species status could not be determined yet.

Figures

Figure 5 Holotype of Hirtodrosophila brasiliensis n. sp.: a, head (anterolateral view); b, thorax (dorsal view); c, head and thorax (lateral view); d, abdomen (lateral view); e, abdomen (dorsal view); f, wing.

Figure 6 Holotype ofHirtodrosophila brasiliensis n.sp.: a, posterior end of abdomen (ventral view);b, posterior end of abdomen (lateral view); c,articulated periphallic and phallic organs (posteroventral view); d, articulated periphallic and phallic organs (lateral view); e, epandrium and associated sclerites (posterior view); f, epandrium and associated sclerites (posterolateral view); g, hypandrium,phallus,associated sclerites and subepandrial sclerite (ventral view);h,hypandrium,phallus, associated sclerites and subepandrial sclerite (lateroventral view); i, hypandrium, phallus, associated sclerites and subepandrial sclerite (lateral view). Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

Figure 9 Habitus: a, holotype of H. pilosa n. sp.; b, holotype of H. fluminensis n. sp.; c, holotype of H. brasiliensis n. sp.; d-e, paratypes of H. brasiliensis n. sp.; f, H. sp.1. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 10 Map showing the collection records of H.pilosa n.sp.,H.fluminensis n.sp.,H.brasiliensis n.sp., and H.sp.1.