Adriaphaenops petrimaris, Lohaj & Delić, 2019

Lohaj, Roman & Delic, Teo, 2019, Playing hard to get: two new species of subterranean Trechini beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechinae) from the Dinaric Karst, Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 66 (1), pp. 1-15 : 1

Adriaphaenops petrimaris sp. n. Figs 2 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9

Type series.

Holotype male labelled: "MONTENEGRO, Risan, Velji Pištet, Kameno more, cave Pištet 4 (PT4), (42.55183°N, 18.73864°E), - 40 m, 3.5.2018, T. Delić lgt." (white label, printed) / "DNA extraction XA475" (white label, printed) / "HOLOTYPUS Adriaphaenops petrimaris sp. n. Lohaj & Delić des. 2018" (red label, printed) (PMSL, voucher code Coleoptera -11519). Paratype one female (left antenna missing), labelled: MONTENEGRO, Risan, Velji Pištet, Kameno more, cave Pištet 4 (PT4), (42.55183°N, 18.73864°E), - 100 m, 2.5.2018, T. Delić lgt." (white label, printed) / "PARATYPUS Adriaphaenops petrimaris sp. n. Lohaj & Delić des. 2018" (red label, printed) (CRL).

Diagnosis.

A medium-sized trechine beetle with aphaenopsoid features: head and pronotum elongate; elytra ovoid, strongly narrowed at the base, obviously wider than head and pronotum; body depigmented, strongly flattened, covered with sparse pubescence (Figs 6 , 7 ). This new species is mainly characterized by the presence of four pairs of dorsal setae (three discal and one preapical) on elytra. This character is so far present only in presumably closely related species, A. kevser and A. rumijaensis ; see identification key below.

Description.

L: 5.0 mm (HT)-5.4 mm (PT), TL: 4.7 mm (HT)-5.1 mm (PT). Head relatively large, rounded, with maximum width behind middle, distinctly longer than wide (index HL/HW 1.23 (HT)-1.33 (PT), slightly wider than pronotum, sparsely pubescent. Frontal furrows weakly impressed, short, ending in the front half of head. Two pairs of long supraorbital setae present; neck constriction distinct; genae gently convex. Clypeus and labrum with three pairs of setae, outer pairs longer. Antennae length 3.3 mm (HT)-3.4 mm (PT), scape as long as pedicel, almost as long as terminal antennomere.

Pronotum elongate, slightly longer and wider than head, with maximum width in middle, only very slightly narrowed anteriorly, basal part distinctly narrower than anterior (index PL/PW 1.66 (HT)-1.57 (PT)), sparsely pubescent, setae long, suberect; median furrow weakly marked, visible in the middle part of pronotum. Propleura visible from dorsal aspect only in basal half. Anterior angles of pronotum distinctly protruding, obtuse, posterior angles obtuse. Lateral furrows developed, deep, with one pair of anterolateral setae, situated in apical fourth of pronotal length.

Elytra subovate elongate, distinctly longer than wide (index EL/EW 1.74 (HT)-1.78 (PT)), with maximum width in middle; elytral surface covered with very sparse, long and erect pubescence; striae absent. Site of stria 3 with four (three discal and one preapical) setae, humeral group of umbilicate pores not aggregated, first anterior pore of humeral group isolated and situated before the level of the first discal seta. Pore 5 located nearer to pore 6 than to pore 4.

Legs long, slender, densely pubescent. First two tarsomeres of male protarsi distinctly dilated and protracted at their internal margins. Tarsal claws very long and slender, without traces of denticulation on their internal sides.

Male genitalia (Fig. 8 ): aedeagus very long and slender, gradually narrowed towards apex in lateral aspect, sagittal aileron large, endophallus without distinct copulatory piece. Parameres long and slender, with two long setae at apex. Female genitalia as in Figure 9 .

Etymology.

Topotypic, referring to the toponym where the Pišet 4 cave is situated, Kameno more (in English, Sea of stone and in Latin, Mare petris).

Differential diagnosis.

Genus Adriaphaenops currently comprises 13 described species, including A. petrimaris sp. n. This species, A. kevser , and A. rumijaensis form a group of species with four discal setae (three dorsal and one preapical) on elytra, with elytral pubescence in all three species sparser in comparison to the other species (Fig. 7 ). A. petrimaris morphologically resembles A. kevser , described from Mt Lebršnik, Bosnia & Hercegovina. These two species can be easily recognized by the shape of head, pronotum, and aedeagus (Figs 7 , 8 ) (see identification key below).

Distribution.

So far this species is known only from the type locality, Pištet 4 cave (synonym = PT4), Kameno more, Risan, Montenegro. Both specimens, HT and PT, were found walking on the wet and damp vertical cave walls at the depth of 40 and 100 m.

Associated subterranean fauna observed in the pit:

Carabidae : Trechinae :

Neotrechus suturalis ssp. (Schaufuss, 1864)

Neotrechus paganettii ssp. (Ganglbauer, 1896)

Leiodidae : Cholevinae :

Blattochaeta sp.

Anthroherpon sp.

Hadesia cf. weiratheri Zariquiey, 1927

Identification key to the species of the genus Adriaphaenops Noesske (for the drawings and details, see Lohaj et al. 2016)

1(6)	Head almost rounded, wider	2
2(5)	Head with 2 pairs of supraorbital setae	3
3(4)	Clypeus with 4 pairs of setae, pronotum wider, index PL/PW 1.21, base of pronotum as wide as anterior part L: 4.65-5 mm. BiH, Hercegovina, Popovo polje	9. A. pretneri Scheibel, 1935
4(3)	Clypeus with 3 pairs of setae, pronotum narrower, index PL/PW 1.42, base of pronotum narrower than anterior part. L: 5.5 mm. BiH, Hercegovina, Nevesinje	3. A. jasminkoi Lohaj et al., 2016
5(2)	Head without supraorbital setae or these setae are indistinguishable from head pubescence L: 4.6 mm. BiH, Hercegovina, Turica, Mt Bjelašnica	7. A. perreaui Quéinnec & Pavićević, 2008
6(1)	Head elongate or parallel-sided, distinctly narrower	7
7(12)	Elytra with 4 pairs of discal setae (3 dorsal and 1 preapical), only very sparsely pubescent	8
8(11)	Pronotum widest in anterior third/middle. Ultimate segment of maxillar palpi distinctly shorter than penultimate	9
9(10)	Pronotum widest in anterior third, distinctly narrowed anteriorly, head narrower. Aedeagus wider in lateral view, apex widely rounded (Fig. 8 ) L: 4.8-5.7 mm. BiH, Hercegovina, Mt Lebršnik	4. A. kevser Quéinnec, Pavićević & Ollivier, 2008
10(9)	Pronotum widest in middle, only very slightly narrowed anteriorly, head more rounded. Aedeagus narrower in lateral view, apex pointed (Fig. 7 ). L: 5.0-5.4 mm. Montenegro, Risan, Kameno more	8. A. petrimaris , sp. n.
11(8)	Pronotum widest in anterior fourth. Ultimate segment of maxillar palpi as long as penultimate. L: 5.05-5.4 mm. Montenegro, Mt Rumija	10. A. rumijaensis Lohaj et al., 2016
12(7)	Elytra with 3 pairs of discal setae (two dorsal and one preapical), densely pubescent	13
13(16)	Head without supraorbital setae or these setae are very short, indistinguishable from head pubescence	14
14(15)	Clypeus with 4 pairs of setae. Smaller species, L: 3.8 mm. Montenegro, Virpazar, Trnovo	11. A. staudacheri Scheibel, 1939
15(14)	Clypeus with three pairs of setae. Larger species L: 4.9 mm. Montenegro, Cetinje	6. A. njegosiensis Lohaj et al., 2016
16(13)	Head with one or two pairs of long supraorbital setae	17
17(20)	Head with only posterior pair of supraorbital setae, anterior pair absent	18
18(19)	Clypeus with four pairs of setae, frontal furrows longer, exceeding half length of head, anterior angles of pronotum rounded. L: 4.7-5.75 mm. Montenegro, Kucˇke planine Mts	5. A. mlejneki Lohaj et al., 2016
19(18)	Clypeus with three pairs of setae, frontal furrows distinctly shorter than half length of head, anterior angles of pronotum pointed. L: 4.65 mm. Albania, Shkodër, Boga	1. A. albanicus Lohaj et al., 2016
20(17)	Head with both anterior and posterior pairs of supraorbital setae	21
21(22)	Clypeus with 3 pairs of setae, head wider, index HL/HW 1.10-1.15, posterior angles of pronotum protruding, acute. L: 3.5-5.1 mm. Montenegro, Mt Durmitor	13. A. zupcense Pavićević, 1990
22(21)	Clypeus with 4 pairs of setae, head narrower, index HL/HW 1.33-1.36, posterior angles of pronotum not protruding, obtuse	23
23(24)	Head parallel-sided, pronotum narrower, index PL/PW 1.5, with maximum width in anterior fourth. L:4.7-4.85 mm. BiH, Hercegovina, Gacko, Mt Bjelašnica	2. A. antroherponomimus (Noesske, 1928)
24(23)	Head slightly rounded, pronotum wider, index PL/PW 1.35, with maximum width in anterior third. L: 5-5.35 mm. Montenegro, Nikšic´	12. A. stirni (Pretner, 1959)

Annotated catalogue of the genus Adriaphaenops Noesske

1 Adriaphaenops albanicus Lohaj, Lakota, Quéinnec, Pavićević & Čeplík, 2016: 518 ( Adriaphaenops ). Type locality: Albania, District Shkodër, V. Boga, Mts Thatë, Grotte No. 25.

Distribution: Albania, Prokletije Mts.

2 Adriaphaenops antroherponomimus Noesske, 1928: 7 ( Trechus ). Type locality: Čatol jama des Bjelasica-Gebirges (weitere Umgebung von Gacko) im nordostherzegowinischen Karstlande [= Sniježnica, Tišov krš]). Distribution: Bosnia and Hercegovina, Mt Bjelašnica near Gacko.

3 Adriaphaenops jasminkoi Lohaj, Lakota, Quéinnec, Pavićević & Čeplík, 2016: 520 ( Adriaphaenops ). Type locality: Bosnia and Hercegovina, Nevesinje, Bišina village, Novakuša (Novakova) pećina.

Distribution: Bosnia and Hercegovina, Nevesinje.

4 Adriaphenops kevser Quéinnec, Pavićević & Ollivier, 2008: 154 ( Adriaphaenops ). Type locality: Vilina pećina, alt. 1840 m a.s.l., Lebršnik planina, eastern Hercegovina, Bosnia and Hercegovina)

Distribution: Bosnia & Hercegovina, Mt Lebršnik.

5 Adriaphaenops mlejneki Lohaj, Lakota, Quéinnec, Pavićević & Čeplík, 2016: 524 ( Adriaphaenops ). Type locality: Montenegro, Žijovo Mts, Šila Mt env., Gornje Stravče, Katun Guzovalja, 1690 m a.s.l., Prometheus abyss (-130 m). Other localities: Montenegro, Žijovo, Borova jama 1, Borova jama 2, Snježna jama, Milići-Miliči snježnica.

Distribution: Montenegro, Kučke planine Mts (= Žijovo Mts).

6 Adriaphaenops njegosiensis Lohaj, Lakota, Quéinnec, Pavićević & Čeplík, 2016: 526 ( Adriaphaenops ). Type locality: Cetinjska pećina, Cetinje, Montenegro. Other localities: Lovćen Mts, Štirovnik, Dvogrla jama (synonym = Kétlyukú-barlang), -130 m (T. Delić lgt., new locality).

Distribution: Montenegro, Mt Lovćen.

7 Adriaphaenops perreaui Quéinnec & Pavićević, 2008: 144 ( Adriaphaenops ) Type locality: Pećina u Mravinjac, alt. 1000 m a.s.l., Turica, Motka, Bjelašnica planina, Bosnia and Hercegovina.

Distribution: Bosnia and Hercegovina, Mt Bjelašnica near Turica, above Popovo polje.

8 Adriaphaenops petrimaris sp. n. ( Adriaphaenops ). Type locality: Montenegro, Risan, Kameno more, Velji Pištet, Pištet 4 cave (synonym = PT4) (42.55183°N, 18.73864°E).

Distribution: Montenegro, Risan, Kameno more.

9 Adriaphaenops pretneri Scheibel, 1935b: 35 ( Adriaphaenops ). Type locality: Windhohle bei Zavala, Herzegowina [= Vjetrenica pećina]. Another locality: Popovo polje, Turkovići, Žira jama (Lohaj et al. 2017).

Distribution: Bosnia and Hercegovina, Popovo polje.

10 Adriaphaenops rumijaensis Lohaj, Lakota, Quéinnec, Pavićević & Čeplík, 2016: 522 ( Adriaphaenops ). Type locality: Montenegro, Virpazar, Mt Rumija, ca 1100 m a.s.l. Phoenix (cave) (-70 m).

Distribution: Montenegro, Mt Rumija.

11 Adriaphaenops staudacheri Scheibel, 1939: 372 ( Adriaphaenops ). Type locality: in der “Grbovica“, etwa 500 Meter langen Höhle am Rande des Polje von Trnovo, bei Virpazar in Montenegro [= Grbočica pećina]

Distribution: Montenegro, Virpazar.

12 Adriaphaenops stirni Pretner, 1959: 83 ( Aphaenopsis ). Type locality: Velja Peć appelatur apud Carev most in margine meridiano regionis Nikšićko polje (Respublica Montenegro)

Distribution: Montenegro, Nikšić.

13 Aphaenopsis zupcense Aphaenopsis zupcense Pavićević, 1990: 365 ( Aphaenopsis ). Type locality: Durmitor: pećina u Zupcima (Sedleni do, 1900-2000 m a.s.l.)

14 Aphaenopsis zupcense Adriaphaenops tartariensis Pavićević, 2001: 35 ( Aphaenops ). Type locality: Montenegro, Mt Durmitor, Jama na Vjetrenim Brdima ("Pit on the Windy Hills"), 2196 m a.s.l. (entrance).

Distribution: Montenegro, Mt Durmitor.

Figures

Figure 2. Geographical distribution of the Dinaric aphaenopsoid trechines of the genera Derossiella and Adriaphenops. Source of data: http: // subbio. net / db /

Figure 6. Adriaphaenops petrimaris sp. n. in its natural habitat in Pistet 4 cave, Velji Pistet, Kameno more, Risan.

Figure 7. Habitus of morphologically similar Adriaphaenops species. Adriaphaenops petrimaris sp. n. (a), Adriaphaenops rumijaensis (b) and Adriaphenops kevser (c). Chetotaxy is presented as white points (photo courtesy of Dusan Beno).

Figure 8. Male genitalia of Adriaphaenops petrimaris sp. n. (a) and similarly looking A. kevser (b) (illustrations by Fedor Ciampor).

Figure 9. Female genitalia; gonocoxite 1 and 2 (basal and apical segments of gonostylus) of Adriaphaenops petrimaris sp. n. (a), A. rumijaensis (b), and A. kevser (c) (illustrations by Fedor Ciampor).