Bocchinae Richards, 1939

Olmi, Massimo, Copeland, Robert S. & Noort, Simon Van, 2019, Dryinidae of the Afrotropical region (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea), Zootaxa 4630 (1), pp. 1-619 : 260

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4630.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8D375836-CCBA-473C-836F-6ABD44B4F881
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E987E2-FEAC-2B4B-FF3E-D44FFD25F918
treatment provided by	Plazi (2019-07-15 01:12:30, last updated 2019-07-15 21:08:03)
scientific name	Bocchinae Richards, 1939
status

Treatment

IV. Subfamily Bocchinae Richards, 1939

Bocchini Richards 1939: 189; Muesebeck & Walkley 1951: 1039; Nagy 1967: 334.

Bocchinae Olmi 1984: 599 ; 1993a: 193; 1993c: 46; 1995b: 502; 1999: 152; Olmi & Bechly 2001: 41; He & Xu 2002: 237; Olmi & Virla 2006: 408; Virla & Olmi 2008: 370; Xu et al. 2013: 223; Olmi & Virla 2014: 206; Olmi & Xu 2015: 116; Olmi et al. 2016: 71.

Type genus. Bocchus Ashmead 1893 , designated by Olmi (1984).

Diagnosis. ♀ ( Figs 100A, B): fully winged ( Figs 100A, B); occasionally brachypterous or micropterous or apterous; occipital carina complete; ocelli present; mandible with one, two, three or four teeth ( Figs 8A, B, C, D); quadridentate mandible usually with three large teeth and one rudimentary tooth between two posterior teeth ( Fig. 8B); rarely quadridentate mandible with teeth becoming regularly progressively larger from dorsal to ventral tooth (as in Fig. 6B); palpal formula 6/3; antenna without tufts of long setae and without ADOs; pronotal tubercle present; epicnemium not visible, because lateral regions of prothorax continuous with mesopleura (as in Fig. 7C); forewing of fully winged specimens with three cells enclosed by pigmented veins (C, R and 1Cu) ( Figs 100A, B); forewing with 2r-rs&Rs vein ( Figs 100A, B); rarely 2r-rs&Rs vein absent; pterostigma of fully winged specimens present ( Fig. 100B), often very reduced ( Fig. 100A); protarsus chelate ( Figs 100A, B); chela with rudimentary claw ( Fig. 101A); protrochanter short and slightly longer than broad; tibial spurs 1/1/1, or 1/1/2. ♂ ( Figs 100C, D): fully winged ( Figs 100C, D), rarely micropterous ( Fig. 107E) or apterous ( Mystrophorus apterus Ponomarenko , not present in the Afrotropical region); occipital carina complete; mandible with one, two, three or four teeth ( Figs 8A, B, C, D); quadridentate mandible usually with three large teeth and one rudimentary tooth between two posterior teeth ( Fig. 8B); palpal formula 6/3; epicnemium invisible, because lateral regions of prothorax continuous with mesopleura ( Fig. 7C); in fully winged specimens forewing with three cells enclosed by pigmented veins (C, R and 1Cu) ( Figs 100C, D); in fully winged specimens forewing with 2r-rs&Rs vein ( Figs 100C, D); pterostigma present ( Figs 100C, D); tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Distribution. Worldwide.

Hosts. Caliscelidae , Tropiduchidae , Cicadellidae (except Idiocerinae , Macropsinae and Typhlocybinae ) ( Guglielmino et al. 2013).

World species. 112 species are known, 33 in the Afrotropical region.

World genera. Three genera are known, one in the Afrotropical region.

Remarks. The following genera have not been recorded from the Afrotropical region: Mystrophorus Förster 1856 (Western Palaearctic) and Mirodryinus Ponomarenko 1972 (Western Palaearctic). Larvae of Mystrophorus were described by Guglielmino & Bückle (2010).

References

Ashmead, W. H. (1893) Monograph of the North American Proctotrypidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 45, 1 - 472. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.45.1

Forster, A. (1856) Hymenopterologischer Studien, 2. Chalcidiae und Proctotrupii. Ernst ter Meer, Aachen, 152 pp.

Guglielmino, A. & Buckle, C. (2010) Description of larval instars of Mystrophorus formicaeformis Ruthe (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae). Zootaxa, 2602 (1), 57 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2602.1.3

Guglielmino, A., Olmi, M. & Buckle, C. (2013) An updated host-parasite catalogue of world Dryinidae (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). Zootaxa, 3740 (1), 1 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3740.1.1

He, J. & Xu, Z. (2002) Hymenoptera Dryinidae. Fauna Sinica. Vol. 29. Science Press, Beijing, 464 pp.

Muesebeck, C. F. W. & Walkley, L. M. (1951) Family Dryinidae. In: Muesebeck, C. F. W., Krombein, K. V. & Townes, H. K. (Eds.), Hymenoptera of America North of Mexico. Synoptic catalogue. Agriculture Monograph 2. U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C., pp. 1034 - 1043.

Nagy, C. (1967) Contribution l'etude de la fam. Dryinidae (Hym.) dans la faune de la Roumanie. Travaux du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle Grigore Antipa, 7, 331 - 337.

Olmi, M. (1984) A revision of the Dryinidae (Hymenoptera). Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 37, I-XII + 1 - 1913.

Olmi, M. (1993 a) Dryinidae di Costa Rica: catalogo e considerazioni biogeografiche ed evolutive (Hym. Chrysidoidea). Bollettino della Societa entomologica italiana, Genova, 124, 186 - 200.

Olmi, M. (1993 c [ 1992 ]) Descriptions of new taxa of Dryinidae (Hymenoptera Chrysidoidea). Frustula entomologica, New Series, 15, 19 - 62.

Olmi, M. (1995 b) Dryinidae. In: Hanson, P. E. & Gauld, I. D. (Eds.), The Hymenoptera of Costa Rica. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp. 493 - 503.

Olmi, M. (1999) Hymenoptera Dryinidae-Embolemidae. Fauna d'Italia. Vol. 37. Edizioni Calderini, Bologna, 425 pp.

Olmi, M. & Bechly, G. (2001) New parasitic wasps from Baltic amber (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Dryinidae). Stuttgarter Beitrage zur Naturkunde, Serie B, Nr. 306, 1 - 58.

Olmi, M. & Virla, E. G. (2006) Familia Dryinidae. In: Fernandez, F. & Sharkey, M. J. (Eds.), Introduccion a los Hymenoptera de la Region Neotropical. Sociedad Colombiana de Entomologia y Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogota D. C., pp. 401 - 418.

Olmi, M. & Virla, E. G. (2014) Dryinidae of the Neotropical region (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). Zootaxa, 3792, 1 - 534. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3792.1.1

Olmi, M. & Xu, Z. (2015) Dryinidae of the Eastern Palaearctic region (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). Zootaxa, 3996 (1), 1 - 253. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3996.1.1

Olmi, M., van Noort, S. & Guglielmino, A. (2016) Contribution to the knowledge of Afrotropical Dryinidae, Embolemidae and Sclerogibbidae (Hymenoptera), with description of new species from Central African Republic and Uganda. ZooKeys, 578, 45 - 95. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 578.7820

Ponomarenko, N. G. (1972) [On the fauna of dryinids (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae) of the Mongolian People's Republic]. [Insects of Mongolia], 1, 673 - 680. [in Russian]

Richards, O. W. (1939) The British Bethylidae (s. l.) (Hymenoptera). The Transactions of the Royal entomological Society of London, 89, 185 - 344. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1939. tb 00740. x

Virla, E. G. & Olmi, M. (2008) Dryinidae. In: Claps, L. E., Debandi, G. & Roig-Junent, S. (Eds.), Biodiversidad de Artropodos Argentinos. Vol. 2. Sociedad Entomologica Argentina, Mendoza, pp. 357 - 372.

Xu, Z., Olmi, M. & He, J. (2013) Dryinidae of the Oriental region (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea). Zootaxa, 3614 (1), 1 - 460. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3614.1.1