Pterostichus (Koreonialoe) tetralobatus, Yin & Shi & Liang, 2021

Yin, Wen-Qi, Shi, Hong-Liang & Liang, Hong-Bin, 2021, Revision of the Chinese species of subgenus Koreonialoe (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Pterostichus), with descriptions of two new species, ZooKeys 1063, pp. 1-21 : 1

2. Pterostichus (Koreonialoe) tetralobatus sp. nov.

Figs 5 , 11 , 17 , 26 , 31 , 35

Type locality.

China, Liaoning province: Anshan city, Xiuyan county, Laopingding (40.41N, 123.72E, alt 632m).

Type material.

Holotype: male, "Liaoning province, Anshan City, Xiuyan County, Laopingding mountain, mixed forest; 40.4109N, 123.7252E, 632m"; "pitfall trap; 2019.VIII.11, Zhu PZ, Wu JY & Wang C lgt."; "HOLOTYPE ♂ Pterostichus (Koreonialoe) tetralobatus sp. nov., des. Yin & Shi. 2021" [red label]. Paratypes: 1 male and 2 females, the same data as holotype but labeled as paratype.

Diagnosis.

Dorsal side nearly black; fifth tarsomere without ventral seta. Median lobe of aedeagus stout, ventral margin slightly tumid forming an inconspicuous tubercle. Endophallus long and thick, directed basal-ventrally; four lobes present: la divided into two sub-lobes, la1 and la2 both cylindrical, la2 smaller than la1, adnate to la1; ra apically hooked.

Comparison.

This new species is peculiar among all the Chinese species of subgenus Pterostichus Koreonialoe for the endophallus has four distinct lobes, while all other species have two or three lobes. The left apical lobe divided into two lobes: la2 much smaller than la1, and adnate to la1. P. tetralobatus sp. nov. is very similar to P. syleus in the sclerotized part of male genitalia, but quite different in their endophallus.

From the external features, P. tetralobatus sp. nov. can be distinguished from P. micropoides sp. nov. and P. syleus for its larger size (BL 20.2-21.6 mm versus 13.7-19.7 mm in other two species) and dorsally nearly black (versus dark brown in other two species). But, the females of P. tetralobatus sp. nov. are completely identical to that of P. bellatrix . They can be determined only by the allopatric distributions (Fig. 36 ).

Description.

BL 20.2-21.6 mm, BW 7.2-7.6 mm. Body form robust, dorsal surface nearly black, elytra opaque, without metallic luster. Head large, widest at temporae; frons smooth; frontal grooves shallow; temporae strongly swollen, a little shorter than eyes; eyes small and hemisphere; terminal segment of labial palpus fusiform. Pronotum strongly cordate, disc evenly and densely covered with fine punctures, area anterior to sub-anterior transversal sulci well punctate; PW/HW = 1.27-1.31, PW/PL = 1.58-1.62, widest near anterior third; anterior margin a little wider than posterior margin, PAW/PBW = 1.09-1.14. Lateral margins slightly arched from anterior angles to the middle, strongly sinuate and then nearly straight before posterior angles; posterior angles rectangular; mid-lateral setae present at anterior fifth of lateral margins; lateral expansions equal width anteriorly and posteriorly. Basal foveae with inner and outer grooves faintly defined and partly fused, forming deep depression between them, outer groove slightly shorter than inner one; middle area between two basal foveae longitudinal rugose. Elytra oblong, shoulders widely rounded; basal ridge and lateral margin forming an obtuse angle; elytra 1.58-1.65 times longer than wide. Usually three discal pores present on third interval, all adjoining the second stria; the first one before middle, position of the second one variable, the last one at apical fifth to eighth. Umbilicate series on ninth interval continuous, sparse at middle. Ventral side: metepisternum nearly smooth; sternite VII of males without secondary sexual modification. Fifth tarsomere without ventral seta. Male genitalia: median lobe of aedeagus stout, gradually curved at basal fourth, strongly dilated near middle, apical portion abruptly deflected ventrally; ventral surface shallowly tumid near middle, forming an inconspicuous tubercle (Fig. 11 ); apical lamella narrow, apex rounded-triangular, slightly oblique to the left in dorsal view (Fig. 17 ). Endophallus (Fig. 26 ) long and thick, strongly directed basal-ventrally, gonopore opened to ventral-basal direction of aedeagus; four distinct lobes recognized: left apical lobe (la) divided into two sub-lobes, left apical lobe I (la1) cylindrical, larger than all other three lobes; left apical lobe II (la2) same shape as la1 but smaller, adnate to la1; left preapical lobe (lp) oblate and small, located behind la1, well separated from it; right apical lobe (ra) small, orbicular, apically hooked. Female genitalia typical in this subgenus.

Distribution.

This species was only found in the type locality, Anshan, Liaoning Province, Laopingding mountain. (Fig. 36 , red)

Etymology.

The scientific name of the new species is composed of two Greek root: " tetr -" meaning four and " lobat -" meaning lobe. The new species is named for its endophallus with four lobes which is special in this subgenus.

Figures

Figure 36. Confirmed distribution of Pterostichus (Koreonialoe) spp. in China: Green: P. micropoides sp. nov.; Red: P. tetralobatus sp. nov.; Yellow: P. bellatrix Tschitscherine; Blue: P. syleus Kirschenhofer.

Figures 1 - 6. Habitus of Pterostichus (Pterostichus Koreonialoe) spp. from China 1 P. micropoides sp. nov., Holotype. 2 P. micropoides sp. nov., male, Paratype from Hunchun city, Jilin 3 P. syleus Kirschenhofer, a male from Fengcheng city, Liaoning 4 P. syleus Kirschenhofer, a female from Zhuanghe city, Liaoning 5 P. quadrilobatus sp. nov., Holotype 6 P. bellatrix Tschitscherine, a male from Changbai county, Jilin. Scale bar: 5 mm.

Figures 7 - 12. Male genitalia of Pterostichus (Koreonialoe) spp. from China, left lateral view of median lobe of aedeagus 7 P. micropoides sp. nov., Holotype 8 P. micropoides sp. nov., Paratype from Changbai county, Jilin 9 P. syleus Kirschenhofer, a male from Fengcheng city, Liaoning 10 P. syleus Kirschenhofer, a male from Shedao Island, Liaoning 11 P. quadrilobatus sp. nov., Holotype 12 P. bellatrix Tschitscherine, a male from Changbai county, Jilin. Scale bar: 1 mm.

Figures 13 - 18. Male genitalia of Pterostichus (Koreonialoe) spp. from China, dorsal view of median lobe of aedeagus 13 P. micropoides sp. nov., Holotype 14 P. micropoides sp. nov. Paratype from Changbai county 15 P. syleus Kirschenhofer, a male from Fengcheng city, Liaoning 16 P. syleus Kirschenhofer, a male from Shedao Island, Liaoning 17 P. quadrilobatus sp. nov., Paratype from Laopingding, Liaoning 18 P. bellatrix Tschitscherine, a male from Changbai county, Jilin. Scale bar: 1 mm.

Figures 22 - 27. Endophallus of Pterostichus (Koreonialoe) spp. from China, left lateral view and right lateral view 22 P. micropoides sp. nov., Paratype from Antu city, Jilin 23 P. micropoides sp. nov., Paratype from Changbaishan mt., Jilin 24 P. syleus Kirschenhofer, a male from Fengcheng city, Liaoning 25 P. syleus Kirschenhofer, a male from Shedao Island, Liaoning 26 P. quadrilobatus sp. nov., Holotype 27 P. bellatrix Tschitscherine, a male from Changbai county, Jilin. Scale bar: 1 mm.

Figures 28 - 35. Female genitalia of Pterostichus (Koreonialoe) spp. from China, Figs 28 - 31 ventral view and inner lateral view of ovipositor. Figs 32 - 35 female reproductive system. 28, 32 P. tetralobatus, Paratype from Laopingding, Liaoning 29, 33 P. syleus, a female from Baishilazi, Liaoning 30, 34 P. micropoides, female, Paratype from Antu county, Jilin 31, 35 P. bellatrix, a female from Fusong county, Jilin. Scale bar: 0.5 mm. Abbreviations: g 1: gonocoxite I; g 2: gonocoxite II; es: ensiform setae; ns, nematiform setae; bc: bursa copulatrix; co: common oviduct; sc: seminal canal; rc: receptaculum; spc: spermathecal canal.