Vacrothele uncata, Tang & Wu & Zhao & Yang, 2022

Tang, Ya-Ni, Wu, Ya-Ying, Zhao, Yu & Yang, Zi-Zhong, 2022, Description of a new genus and two new species of the funnel-web mygalomorph (Araneae: Mygalomorphae: Macrothelidae) from China with notes on taxonomic amendments, Zootaxa 5125 (5), pp. 513-535 : 523-526

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.5125.5.3
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6983B9C9-7AD7-49AD-8D4E-C3B4F25B2CEC
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6457315
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E32706-3949-FFF5-FF1B-FB40FD7C2C9B
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Vacrothele uncata
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Vacrothele uncata View in CoL sp. nov.

Chinese name: (Ṁ状ffiǖA)

Figures 8–10 View FIGURE 8 View FIGURE 9 View FIGURE 10 , 15B View FIGURE 15 , 17C View FIGURE 17 , 18C View FIGURE 18 , 19 View FIGURE 19

Type material examined. Holotype male (DUIER-VU11), Meizi Lake Park , Yunnan Province, China. 22º45′19″N, 100º55′24″E, elevation: 1294m, 9 November 2018, coll. by Z. Z. Yang, W. P. Li & S. S. Liu . Paratypes: eight females (DUIER-VU21-VU28), data same as holotype; female (DUIER-VU29), Meizi Lake Park , Yunnan Province, China. 22º45′25″N, 100º59′40″E, elevation: 1339m, 21 May 2011, coll. by Z. X. Li and G. C. Zhou .

Etymology: The scientific name of ns based on the hook shaped end of the female genitalia.

Diagnosis: The new species is similar to V. pseudohunanica sp. nov., but males can be distinguished by the following characters: embolus with rounded genal angles bend from basal to middle part ( Fig. 9E–G View FIGURE 9 ), and embolus basal more rounded ( Fig. 6G View FIGURE 6 , Fig. 9F View FIGURE 9 ); palpal tibia with 10 shorter stout dorsal spines, almost arranged in two rows, of which 7 in one row and 3 in other ( Fig. 9J–L View FIGURE 9 ). Upper promarginal teeth not round but fine, the same is true of small teeth, and 2 teeth are not so stouter ( Fig. 15 View FIGURE 15 ). Tibia II with six strong ventral spines ( Fig. 17C View FIGURE 17 ). The copulatory aperture is thicker but the joint of the copulatory aperture and spermatheca is very fine ( Fig. 18C View FIGURE 18 ). The whole length of the copulatory duct is relatively long ( Fig. 18C View FIGURE 18 ). The sigilla are more obvious ( Fig. 9D View FIGURE 9 , Fig. 6D View FIGURE 6 ). PMS and PLS white more obvious ( Fig 6I View FIGURE 6 , Fig 9I View FIGURE 9 ).

Description: Holotype male. Total length 8.51 (not including chelicerae and spinnerets): cephalothorax 4.10 long, 3.65 wide; abdomen 4.47 long, 3.30 wide. Carapace dark chestnut, gray hairy. Fovea transverse. Both eye rows recurved. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.94, ALE 0.89, PME 0.73, PLE 0.79; ALE–AME 0.13, AME–AME 0.26, ALE–PLE 0.30, PLE–PME 0.03, PME–PME 1.40. Eye group 1.63 long, 3.34 wide. Chelicerae light black, with 13 stout promarginal teeth and three small teeth plus 25 tiny basomesal teeth ( Fig. 15B View FIGURE 15 ). Labium and maxillae light yellow, ventral with grey bristles and patch of cuspules on anterior 1/2 ( Fig. 9B View FIGURE 9 ); maxillae length 1.64, and cuspules area length 1.18. Sternum cordate, with three pairs of sigilla ( Fig. 9D View FIGURE 9 ). Palp tibia, grey and incrassate, 1 long prolateral and 10 stout dorsal spines ( Fig. 9J–L View FIGURE 9 ); embolus middle part strongly curved, terminal 2 trumpet-shaped, embolus 5.40 long ( Fig. 9E–G View FIGURE 9 ).

Spines. Leg I: femur with 8 dorsal, 1 prolateral near distad; patella 2 prolateral; tibia 2 prolateral; 9 ventral metatarsus 16 ventral, and two groups of ventral spiny plexus near distad, among them, each group of two, respectively; tarsus with 4 prolateral and 4 retrolateral. Leg II: femur 1 prolateral near distad, 8 dorsal; patella 2 prolateral, 2 retrolateral; tibia 2 prolateral, 6 strong ventral and 1 weaker ventral ( Fig. 17C View FIGURE 17 ); metatarsus 1 prolateral, 8 ventral, two groups of ventral spiny plexus near distad, prolateral group of 3, retrolateral group of four; tarsus 7 prolateral, 5 retrolateral. Leg III: femur 2 dorsal, 3 prolateral; patella 2 prolateral, 3 retrolateral; tibia 2 prolateral, 2 retrolateral, 8 dorsal, 2 ventral; metatarsus 2 dorsal, 9 ventral, 3 prolateral, 3 retrolateral, and two groups of ventral spiny plexus near distad, among them, each group of two, respectively; tarsus with 7 prolateral, 7 retrolateral. Leg IV: femur 1 prolateral near distad; patella 1 prolateral, one retrolateral; tibia 2 prolateral, 3 retrolateral, 9 ventral, 1 dorsal; metatarsus 2 dorsal, 4 prolateral, 5 retrolateral, 9 ventral, and two groups of ventral spiny plexus near distad, among them, prolateral group of two, retrolateral group of 4; tarsus with 8 prolateral, 6 retrolateral.

Measurement of palp and legs: palp length: 8.11 (2.82, 0.98, 3.31, 1.00); leg I: 16.36 (4.79, 1.76, 3.64, 3.65, 2.52), leg II: 16.70 (4.77, 1.82, 3.68, 3.92, 2.51), leg III: 15.41 (4.12, 1.66, 3.18, 4.15, 2.30), leg IV: 18.94 (4.89, 1.56, 4.15, 5.60, 2.74). Leg formula: 4213.

STC with curved row of long teeth; ITC curved, with few fine teeth ( Fig. 9C View FIGURE 9 ).

Abdomen black, hairy. Spinnerets: PMS, white; PLS, slenderness, basal, distal end white ( Fig. 9I View FIGURE 9 ). PMS 1.37 long, 0.31 wide; PLS 6.43 long (2.02, 1.88, 2.53); PMS–PMS 1.33.

Female: Total length 14.77 (not including chelicerae and spinnerets): cephalothorax 6.11 long, 5.52 wide; abdomen 9.49 long, 6.40 wide. Eye sizes and inter-distances:AME 0.31, ALE 0.46, PME 0.33, PLE 0.36; AME–AME 0.24, ALE–AME 0.10, ALE–PLE 0.11, PME–PME 0.75, PLE–PME 0.06. Eye group 0.80 long, 1.74 wide. Chelicerae with 14 stout promarginal teeth, basomesally with 6 smaller teeth, plus 15 tiny teeth. Labium, maxillae, dark yellow, ventral with dark brown bristles and patch of cuspules on anterior 1/2 ( Fig. 10B View FIGURE 10 ); maxillae area length 2.02, and cuspule area length 1.74. Sternum cordate, with three pairs of sigilla ( Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 ).

Spines. Leg I: femur 1 prolateral near distad; patella 1 prolateral; tibia with 4 ventral; metatarsus with 7 ventral, and two groups of ventral spiny plexus near distad, among them, prolateral group of 2, retrolateral group of 3; tarsus with 4 prolateral, 4 retrolateral. Leg II: femur 1 prolateral near distad; patella 2 prolateral; tibia 1 prolateral, 4 ventral; metatarsus 1 prolateral, 6 ventral, two groups of ventral spiny plexus near distad, prolateral group of 2, retrolateral group of 3; tarsus with 6 prolateral, 4 retrolateral. Leg III: femur1 prolateral and 1 retrolateral near distad; patella with 3 prolateral, 2 retrolateral; tibia 2 prolateral, 3 retrolateral, 4 ventral; metatarsus 1 dorsal, 4 prolateral, 2 retrolateral, 9 ventral spines and two groups of ventral spiny plexus near distad, among them, each group of 3; tarsus with 7 prolateral, 7 retrolateral. Leg IV: femur 1 prolateral; patella with 3 prolateral, 3 retrolateral; tibia 1 prolateral spine, 4 retrolateral; 2 ventral; metatarsus 1 prolateral, 3 retrolateral, 2 dorsal, 4 ventral and two groups of ventral spiny plexus near distad, among them, prolateral group of 3, retrolateral group of 4; tarsus with 8 prolateral, 6 retrolateral.

Measurement of palp and legs: palp length: 9.54 (3.04, 1.42, 2.17, 2.91); leg I: 15.75 (4.83, 1.93, 3.47, 3.31, 2.21), leg II: 15.49 (4.63, 2.00, 3.25, 3.34, 2.27), leg III: 15.39 (4.49, 1.87, 2.99, 3.94, 2.10), leg IV: 19.00 (5.22, 2.06, 3.99, 5.22, 2.51). Leg formula: 4123.

STC with curved row of long teeth; ITC curved ( Fig. 10C View FIGURE 10 ). Spinnerets: PMS white; PLS, slenderness, basal, distal end white ( Fig. 10E View FIGURE 10 ). PMS 1.66 long, 0.53 wide; PLS 7.41 long (2.50, 2.14, 2.77); PMS–PMS 2.13.

Distribution: China: Yunnan (He-kou, Pu-er).

Variation: Female (nine paratypes; N=9): body length: with chelicerae 18.03–22.35 (19.53±1.51); without chelicerae 15.73–19.54 (16.97±1.32). Carapace 5.47–5.99 (5.76±0.17) length, 4.73–5.01 (4.84±0.09) wide. Maxillary cuspules 261–333. Labial cuspules 104–134. Variations of palp and leg measurements are shown in suppl. Table S5. No significant difference evident in their genitalia.