Trigona (Nostotrigona) daianeae, Ribeiro & Nogueira & Oliveira & Oliveira, 2023

Ribeiro, Cristiano Feitosa, Nogueira, David Silva, Oliveira, Favízia Freitas De & Oliveira, Marcio Luiz De, 2023, Review of Trigona (Nostotrigona) Engel, 2021 from Brazil with description of three new species (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini), Zootaxa 5306 (3), pp. 349-366 : 355-357

Trigona (Nostotrigona) daianeae sp. nov. Ribeiro

( Fig. 3A–D ; 6D–F )

Trigona (Trigona) recursa: Camargo 1970: 211 , 214-215, 230, 231 [partim, nest, biology].

Trigona recursa: Silveira et al. 2002: 92 [partim, geographic range]; Rebêlo et al. 2003: 268, 272 [partim, geographic range, citation, geographic records, biology]; Camargo et al. 2013 [partim, catalog, geographic distribution]; Oliveira et al. 2013: 21, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 230, 231 [partim, nest entrance, morphology, geographic distribution, taxonomic characterization, biology, citation, key, figure 17, 366-372]; Pedro 2014: 352 [partim, geographic range]; Imperatriz-Fonseca & Alves 2020: 40, 259, 260 [partim, figure 5G: nest, citation, biology, geographic distribution, geographic record, illustration].

Diagnosis: Integument predominantly reddish-brown to black. Clypeus with abundant silvery decumbent hair on the lower paraocular areas, and sparse and slightly brown on the upper half of the face. Mandible reddish-brown, with five teeth. Clypeus with erect setae of length approximately 0.17 mm, about 1.1× the diameter of the scape. Scape reddish-brown, with long erect setae (0.19 mm), about 1.3× the scape diameter. Clypeus with wide distance between the epistomal suture and inferior tangent of the antennal socket, approximately 0.6× the diameter of the scape. Malar area with a length of approximately 0.8× the diameter of the scape. Carina post-ocellar strongly elevated. Vertex with setae of length approximately 0.24 mm, about 1.6× the diameter of the scape. Mesoscutum with setae of length approximately 0.21 mm, about 1.4× the scape diameter, scutellum with long setae (0.38 mm), approximately 2.5× the scape diameter. Metatibia relatively narrow and shallow, approximately 3.2× longer than wide. Metabasitarsus with anterior and posterior margins subparallel, apex sub-rectangular. Wing membrane slightly brown. Venation and pterostigma brown. Metasoma subtriangular. Total body length approximately 5.2 mm.

Description: Coloration: Integument predominantly reddish-brown to black. Clypeus, labrum, scape, and pedicel reddish-brown. Mandible reddish-brown. Radicle light brown. Flagellum brown. Mesoscutum black. Pronotal lobe, axilla, scutellum, propodeum, mesepisternum and tegula reddish-brown. Wing membranes slightly brown. Venation and pterostigma brown. Terga and sterna reddish-brown.

Pubescence: Clypeus and supraclypeal area with erect, black and branched setae (0.17 mm), approximately 1.1× the diameter of the scape, mixed with branched hairs of about 0.06 mm, approximately 0.4× the diameter of the scape. Clypeus and paraocular area with decumbent silvery hairs, on the denser lower than on the upper face towards the vertex. Scape with very long black setae (0.19 mm), about 1.3× the diameter of the scape, dorsal surface of basal area of scape with setae slightly longer than other setae. Frons upper with black setae, erect and ramified with about 0.14 mm, mixed with branched hairs of approximately 0.07 mm. Vertex with long branched erect setae (0.24 mm). Mesoscutum covered by ramified and erect black setae, about 0.21 mm, evenly and sparsely distributed in the disc and abundant on the anterior edge and on the sides. Mesoscutellum with long branched erect setae (0.38 mm). Metatibia with simple erect setae on the posterior margin of about 0.35 mm, mixed with branched setae of approximately 0.27 mm. Metasoma: T1 smooth and polished: T2 with very fine, decumbent and short setae forming a narrow apical band; T3-T5 with black, erect and sparse setae. Sides of apical fourth of T3-T6 with abundant setae, forming a wide band: simple setae on T3 (0.07 mm), T4 (0.10 mm), T5 (0.16 mm) and T6 (0.20 mm). Sterna with simple setae (0.33 mm: 0.29 mm: 0.28 mm: 0.23 mm: 0.20 mm = length of S1-S5, respectively).

Punctation: Integument smooth and polished at the spaces between the piliferous punctures.

Proportions: Compound eye length 2.8× its width; inner orbits of the compound eyes concave, slightly converging downwards; compound eye length shorter than upper and maximum interorbital distance, longer than lower interorbital distance (1.38 mm: 1.57 mm: 1.63 mm: 1.30 mm = compound eye length and interorbital distances upper, maximum and lower, respectively). Malar area with 0.12 mm, about 0.8× the diameter of the scape. Clypeus length less than half its width (0.47 mm: 1.29 mm = clypeus length and width, respectively); clypeus slightly convex in lateral view; supraclypeal area slightly more prominent than the clypeus, at the level of the face. Labrum simple. Mandible with five well-defined teeth. Interalveolar distance greater than the diameter of the antennal socket and much shorter than the alveolorbital distance (0.25 mm: 0.17 mm: 0.42 mm = interalveolar distance, antennal socket diameter and alveolorbital distance, respectively). Frons slightly depressed along the midline. Vertex slightly convex, with post-ocellar carina easily visible. Interocellar distance (0.11 mm) is much smaller than the ocellorbital distance (0.45 mm). Scape length 5.9× its width (0.88 mm: 0.15 mm). Pedicel width slightly less than the diameter of the second flagellomere (0.12 mm: 0.15 mm). Paraboloid scutellum slightly projecting backwards. Metatibia approximately 3.2× longer than wide (2.42 mm: 0.75 mm). Metabasitarsus approximately 1.9× longer than wide (0.93 mm: 0.50 mm) with anterior and posterior margins subparallel, posterior margin widening smoothly at apical third, distal margin straight. Subtriangular metasoma.

Male: Unknown.

Etymology: The epithet is homage to Daiane Brito dos Anjos Ribeiro, spouse of the first author.

Geographic distribution ( Fig. 8 ): Brazil (Amazonas, Maranh„o, Pará, Rondônia).

Biological note: Life history unknown.

Type material: Holotype (worker). Label data: Brasil, Rondônia, Ig [arapé]. Tracoazinho , Reg. Cpo. [campo] Novo / 1–15 viii 1985, V. Py — Daniel, L. Aquino ( INPA).

Paratypes (76 workers): BRAZIL, Amazonas: FLOREST Canutama, Terra Firme , 07 v 2013, –64.5515, 6.5069, Oliveira & Somavilla / Trigona sp. 6 , Det. M.L. Oliveira, 2018, 2 ( INPA) ; Rio Ipixuna , 63°20’ W – 6°S, 20.I.1986 — Ninho 33 / Camargo, Mazucato, Garcia, 22 ( INPA) ; PN Campos , 08°37’50”S, 61°25’33”W, 138m, 08.vii.2017, N. Hamada leg., 1 ( INPA) ; Maranhão: S. Pedro da Água Branca, F. Esplanada , 045905S–480803W, 05.xii. / 2001, J.A. Rafael; F.L. Oliveira & J. Vidal, Malaise, 3 ( INPA) ; Pará: 5598 / BRASIL: Para, Tucuruí—Remans „o, 03– VIII–1980, eq. [uipe] Nunes de Mello , 9 ( INPA) ; idem, except “5619 / 11–VIII–1980 ”, 1 ( MPEG) ; Medicilândia, Rodovia Transamazônica, Balneário Ponte de Pedra / 03°30’09”S — 52°50’16”W, 10.iv.2008, coleta manual, J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier F°, 6 ( INPA) ; Rondônia: Ig. Tracoazinho, Reg. Cpo. [Campo] Novo / 1–15 viii 1985, V. Py — Daniel, L. Aquino, 18 ( INPA) ; idem, except “ 3 viii 1985 ”, 2 ( RPSP) ; Rio Candeias, Reg. Cpo. Novo / 10–18 viii 1985, V. Py — Daniel, L. Aquino, 1 ( RPSP) ; idem, except “ 6 viii 1985 ”, 2 ( INPA) ; 2536 / T. [erritório] F. [ederal] de Rondonia, Em 3/8/66, Col – Eduardo, 7 ( INPA) ; idem, except “2536 / Em 11/9/66”, 1 ( MPEG) ; Ariquemes, Rio Ji – Parana, 28.x.1986 / 09°44’S – 61°52’W, J.A. Rafael, Arm [adilha]. Malaise, 1 ( MPEG) .

Comments: Of the three new species described in this study, Trigona (Nostotrigona) daianeae sp. nov. is the most similar to Trigona (Nostotrigona) recursa . Thus, the Trigona (Nostotrigona) recursa in the Brazilian Amazon that is often reported in the literature is likely to be Trigona (Nostotrigona) daianeae sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Holotype of Trigona (Nostotrigona) daianeae sp. nov. A—Lateral habitus. B—Head, frontal view. C—Dorsal habitus. D—Metatibia and metabasitarsus. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURE 6. Heads, scape and metatibia of the T. (Nostotrigona) species. A–C—Trigona (Nostotrigona) recursa Smith, 1863: A, head, frontal view (red arrow indicating the area between the epistomal suture and the inferior tangent of the antennal socket); B, scape; C, metatibia, lateral view; D–F—Trigona (Nostotrigona) daianeae sp. nov.: D, head, frontal view; E, scape; F, metatibia, lateral view; G–I—Trigona (Nostotrigona) juvenili sp. nov.: G, head, frontal view; H, scape; I, metatibia, lateral view; J–L—Trigona (Nostotrigona) permodica Almeida, 1992: J, head, frontal view; K, scape; L, metatibia, lateral view; M–O—Trigona (Nostotrigona) mandaloriana sp. nov.: M, head, frontal view; N, scape; O, metatibia, lateral view Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 8. Geographical distribution of Trigona (Nostotrigona). Scale bar: Kilometers.