Togepsylla takahashii Kuwayama, 1931

Luo, Xinyu, Cai, Wanzhi & Qiao, Gexia, 2017, Half-jumping plant lice - a taxonomic revision of the distinctive psyllid genus Togepsylla Kuwayama with a reassessment of morphology (Hemiptera, Psylloidea), ZooKeys 716, pp. 63-93 : 70-72

Togepsylla takahashii Kuwayama, 1931 Figs 3, 7, 11, 15, 18, 25, 26, 31, 38-42, 47-51, 53, 56, 57, 59

Togepsylla takahashii Kuwayama, 1931: 121; Takahashi 1936: 292; Yang 1984: 188; Li 2011: 213.

Togepsylla minana Yang & Li, 1981: 179. Synonymized by Li 2011: 213.

Diagnosis.

Fore wing with yellow bands (Fig. 11). Metabasitarsus with a pair of thickened setae on apex (Fig. 15). Paramere with a sclerotized tooth anteriorly (Figs 25, 26). Female proctiger long and smoothly tapering apically (Fig. 31).

Redescription.

Adult coloration.

Ground color yellow. Compound eyes grey. Long and thick setae on dorsum black. Ocelli yellow. Antennae yellow, with black spices on segments III-VIII; segments IX-X entirely black. Fore wing hyaline, with four obliquely transverse yellow stripes (Fig. 11). Legs yellow. Abdominal tergites brown. Male and female terminalia yellow.

Structures: Setae on dorsum of body relatively long (Table 1) and based on prominent projections. Torulus produced and slightly turned outwards (Fig. 3). Gena flat (Fig. 3). Antennal segments III-IX each with a single rhinarium on the apex, the ones on segments V and VII with small horn-shaped projections; proximally based terminal seta slightly longer than the distally based one (Fig. 7).

Mesoscutum with four pairs of prickly setae (Fig. 53). Metatibia with two rows of thick setae lateral-ventrally, and with a tightly packed row of short setae on the dorsum (Fig. 15). Apex of metabasitarsus with a pair of thick setae (Fig. 15). Pulvilli narrow (Fig. 15). Fore wing with long and narrow cell r1, vein M1+2 rather close to vein Rs, cell cu1 tallest in the middle; vein M3+4 lacking seta; surface spinules as tiny thick spines, widely spread across a large area on wing membrane; fields of radular spinules relatively large (Fig. 11).

Pore fields on abdominal ventrum long, narrow and curved; pores tightly packed (Fig. 18).

Male terminalia: Distal 1/3 of proctiger with posterior surface split and replaced with membranous tissue (Fig. 25). Paramere slender and bilobed; apex of anterior lobe developed into a sclerotized tooth; anterior margin of basal 1/3 emarginated; two long and thick setae present on inner surface, near the anterior margin; apical half with a curved vertical row of small peg setae on inner surface, near posterior margin (Fig. 25, 26). Aedeagus curved forward at apical 1/4, dorsum with a short row of spines that gradually turn smaller apically (Fig. 25). Dorsal-apical angle of subgenital plate produced and with a long seta (Fig. 25).

Female terminalia (Fig. 31): Long and straight in overall shape. Base of proctiger slight raised, apical process without tiny setae. Subgenital plate with acute apex, ventral surface with relatively dense and nearly evenly spaced setae.

Fifth instar immature. Body dorsum firmly sclerotized, with sclerites of thorax and abdomen almost unseparated; body ventrum weakly sclerotized. Dorsum of head, thorax, and abdomen with symmetrical acute sectasetae varying in size (Fig. 38); dorsum and margin of wing pads with roughly symmetrical acute sectasetae (Fig. 40). Head with 1+1 bulges, sheathing the central two pairs of long setae of adult head (Fig. 38); 1+1 projections present before fore wing pads, sheathing the 2+2 long setae on lateral margins of adult pronotum (Fig. 40). Antennae 9-segmented, apices of segments 5, 7 and 8 each with one single rhinarium (Fig. 39). Compound eyes with 1+1 ocular acute sectasetae, postocular acute sectasetae present in 2+2 (Fig. 38). Fore wing pad with two pores on dorsum (Fig. 40). Tarsal pulvilli narrow (Fig. 41). Abdominal ventrum with 5 pairs of spiracles surrounded by peritremes fused with central sclerites. Abdominal apex produced as a small pair of rounded bulges (Fig. 42). Anus terminal, circum anal rings present both dorsally and ventrally. Outer circum anal ring composed of oval pores, significantly expanded bilaterally, anterior aspect strongly crooked; inner circum anal ring composed of minute oval pores, expanded bilaterally, single rowed in the middle (Fig. 42).

Material examined.

CHINA: 18 ♂, 21 ♀, 10 fifth instar immatures, Fujian, Shaxian, ex Lindera communis , 1.ix.1974, Chikun Yang and Fasheng Li (CAU, type series of Togepsylla minana ); 35 ♂, 82 ♀, Guangxi, Liuzhou, 8.vi.1984, Fasheng Li (CAU); 40 ♂, 51 ♀, Guangxi, Lingchuan, Longkou, 5.vi.1984, Fasheng Li (CAU); 10 ♂, 5 ♀, Taiwan, New Taipei, Wulai, Fushan Nature Reserve, ex Lindera communis , 8.vi.2013, Xinyu Luo (CAU).

Host plant.

Lindera communis Hemsl., L. megaphylla Hemsl. (= L. oldhamii ) ( Lauraceae ) ( Takahashi 1936).

Distribution.

China: Fujian, Guangxi, Taiwan.

Biology: Takahashi (1936) and Li (2011) recorded that the immatures of the species feed on the abaxial surface of young leaves, inducing the edge of leaves to curl downwards, forming leaf-rolling galls that harbor large amounts of the insect. The immatures also secrete wax and honey dew. Severe damages to the host can cause most of the shoots to twist and shrink.