Tibiagomphus uncatus ( Fraser, 1947 )

Pinto, Ângelo Parise & Almeida, Marcus Vinícius Oliveira De, 2016, A taxonomic synopsis of South American Cyanogomphini Carle with description of Cyanogomphus angelomachadoi sp. nov. from the Cerrado of Brazil (Odonata: Gomphidae), Zootaxa 4078 (1) : -

Tibiagomphus uncatus ( Fraser, 1947)

LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4A858689-3BB8-4F35-B74F-9313F7FF2E6E ( Figures 2 F, 3D, 4F, 5C–D, I–L, 7M– O, 8I –J, 10F, 13)

Cyanogomphus uncatus Fraser, 1947: 437 –439, figs 1a–c (description of ♂ holotype and allotype, ARGENTINA. Misiones Province: Iguazú Department, Puerto Bemberg, 12–29.I.1945, Hayward, Willink & Goldbach leg. in IFML, illustrations of caudal appendages in ventral, dorsal and lateral views of ♂ holotype;— Belle (1966: 29, 31, comparison with C. waltheri );— Belle (1970: 14, 21, 29–30, figs 26, 52, pl. Va, comparison with A. tumens and Ebegomphus spp., illustrations of synthorax, S 8–10 in ventral view, and photo of the wings of ♀ from Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil);— Belle (1972: 219, 221, figs 5–6, illustrations of ♀ subgenital plates from Nova Teutônia village, Santa Catarina State and comparison with a ♀ from Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil);— Paulson (1977: 175, mention to Argentina and Brazil, possibly based on Belle 1970);— Belle (1980: 153–155, in part, specimens from Misiones Province, Argentina, and Nova Teutônia village, Santa Catarina State, Brazil, comparison with ♂ holotype and allotype, and with C. waltheri );— Jurzitza (1981: 117, record from Parque Nacional Iguazú, Misiones Province, Argentina);— Davies & Tobin (1985: 26, mention);— Watson & O’Farrell (1985: 501, mention);— Carle (1986: 307–308, comparison with C. waltheri );— Garrison (1991: 17, mention);— Rodrigues Capítulo (1992: 58, in part, record from Misiones Province, Argentina);— Steinmann (1997: 104, mention).

Tibiagomphus uncatus ( Fraser, 1947) :— Belle (1992a: 1–3, comb. nov., fixation of Cyanogomphus uncatus Fraser, 1947 , as type species of Tibiagomphus by original designation);— Bridges (1994: III.51, VI.8, VII.241, VIII.70, mention);— Belle (1995: 35–36, figs 15, 23, illustrations of ♀ dorsal detail of occipital plate, postocciput, postoccipital suture and occipital foramen in posterior view, occipital plate in dorsal view, comparison with Brasiliogomphus uniseries Belle, 1995 );— Belle (1996: 316, in part, mention of ♀ cited in Belle 1970);— Garrison et al. (2006: 71, 129–130, 328, 337, figs 390, 728, 731a, b, in part, illustrations of wings and caudal appendages in lateral view from ♂ from Misiones Province, Argentina);— Heckman (2006: 649–650, fig. 3.2.778, in part, key, reproduction of illustration of ♀ subgenital plate from Belle 1972 from Santa Catarina State, Brazil, reproduction of illustrations of ♂ holotype postfrons from Rodrigues Capítulo 1985);— von Ellenrieder & Muzón (2008: 61, in part, record from Misiones Province, Argentina).

Material examined (7 ♂). BRAZIL. Paraná State: 1♂, União da Vitória municipality [26°13’48”S, 51°05’09.60”W, 761 m a.s.l.], I.1952, V. Stawiarski leg. ( MNRJ 22064); Santa Catarina State: 1♂, [Seara municipality], Nova Teutônia [village, 27°09’38.00”S, 52°24’58”W, 355 m a.s.l.], II.1948, B. Pohl leg. ( MZSP); 1♂, same data but 18.XI.1948, [Richard von Diringshofen leg.] ( MZSP); 1♂, same data but 19.XI.1948 ( MZSP); 2♂, same data but 24.XI.1948 ( MZSP); 1♂, same data but 28.XI.1948 ( MZSP). PARAGUAY. Itapúa department: 1♂, San Benito [Agricultural School, 26°49’53.24”S, 55°43’32.73”W, 202 m a.s.l.] / Pastoreo, 21.I.1980, Linda Strickman leg. (D. R. Paulson collection, Seattle, WA, USA, not examined). Specimens at MZSP all ex-Richard von Diringshofen Collection under species number 83.

Type repository. Holotype ♂ and allotype ♀ by original designation in Instituto Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, Argentina ( IFML, not examined).

Measurements. Males (n = 7). Total length (incl. caudal appendages) 45.1–49.7; abdomen length (excluding caudal appendages) 32.3–36.4; head maximum width 6.2–6.5; Fw length 28.0–30.6; Hw length 26.8–29.7; Fw maximum width 5.7–6.8, in Hw 6.8–7.7; pt length 2.9–3.5 in Fw, 3.2–3.9 in Hw; length of metathoracic femur 7.3–8.7; metathoracic tibia 5.9–7.0; length of S9+ 10 in lateral view 3.4–4.0; total length of cercus in lateral view 1.8–2.1. Ratio cercus length / maximum width 0.25–0.30.

Larva. Unknown.

Diagnosis. This dark species is diagnosed from its congener and from Cyanogomphus under T. noval .

Distribution. Misiones Province in Argentina, Paraguay in Itapúa department, and Paraná to Santa Catarina States in Brazil, in Parana dominion in Araucaria and Parana Forest biogeographical provinces ( Fig. 13 ).

Biological and ecological data. Based on sites where adults have been collected, this species is associated with forested areas at 188–781 meters of elevation.

Remarks. Belle’s (1980) paper contributes significantly to the identity of this species, even considering the poor condition of the type series. Besides the male holotype and allotype, Belle examined three other Pampean males, one from Entre Rios Province, Argentina (type locality of T. noval ) and two from distinct localities in Uruguay, as well as two other males from Parana dominion (Atlantic Forest) of Misiones Province in Argentina (type locality of T. uncatus ), and Nova Teutônia village in Santa Catarina State, Brazil, making a total of six males. He recognized several differences among the Pampean southern specimens from the typical northern specimens of Argentinean and Brazilian Atlantic Forest ( Belle 1980, p. 154–155) including the paler color, shape of postfrons, smaller size, and more slender hamule, all of which agree with T. noval as described by Rodrigues Capítulo (1985) from Entre Rios Province. We examined seven males from the northern part of its range, including material from Nova Teutônia and eight males from southern parts of its range, including material as far south as Entre Rios Province. Based on Belle’s (1980) description of the holotype and comparison with other specimens from its northern range in Argentina and Brazil, the specific characters cited for T. uncatus are consistent. Thus we consider the darker specimens from Parana dominion to be T. uncatus and the paler specimens from Pampean province to be T. noval ( Figs 13 ). Most males of T. uncatus lack a pale spot or stripe over the dark brown mesepisternum such as are shown by the holotype ( Belle 1980, p. 153). A few T. uncatus have a small elongated pale spot corresponding to the first antehumeral stripe, while males of T. noval always have pale spots on the mesepisternum similar to the pattern illustrated for females of T. uncatus ( Belle 1970, fig. 26) and T. noval ( Garrison et al. 2006, fig. 727, cited as T. uncatus ).

Belle (1980, fig. 13) also illustrated an unusual posterior hamule of T. noval from Uruguay (cited as T. uncatus ) with additional spines along the anterior margin, similar to one of the male T. uncatus we examined that has several additional differently sized spines, including minute ones, along the internal margin ( Fig. 5 I).

Even though we examined no female of T. uncatus , the homogeneous darker general color diagnoses the sex of this species from T. noval (a female of T. uncatus from Misiones in RWG collection agrees with the darker pattern described here, RWG pers. comm.) as well as by its more northern allopatric distribution as discussed above.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Wings of Cyanogomphini in ventral view. A – B. Cyanogomphus angelomachadoi sp. nov., A. Holotype ♂ (Brazil. MG: Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó, DZRJ 1449), B. Paratype ♀ (Brazil. MG: Parque Nacional da Serra do Cipó, DZRJ 1448); C. Cyanogomphus comparabilis Belle, 1994, Holotype ♂ (Brazil. MT: Diamantino, ABMM); D. Cyanogomphus waltheri Selys, 1873, ♀ (Brazil. RJ: Reserva Ecológica de Guapiaçu, DZRJ 2495); E. Tibiagomphus noval (Rodrigues Capítulo, 1985), ♀ (Brazil. RS: Jaguarão, MNRJ); F. Tibiagomphus uncatus (Fraser, 1947), ♂ (Brazil. SC: Nova Teutônia village, MZSP).

FIGURE 5. Males of Cyanogomphini, details of variations of postfrons in dorsal view (A – D) and posterior hamule in lateral view (E – L). A – B, F – H. Tibiagomphus noval (Rodrigues Capítulo, 1985) (Brazil. RS: Jaguarão, MNRJ); C – D, I – L. Tibiagomphus uncatus (Fraser, 1947) (Brazil. SC: Nova Teutônia, MZSP). E. Cyanogomphus comparabilis Belle, 1994, Paratype (Brazil. SP: Igarapava, ABMM). Scale bars = 1 mm.

FIGURE 13. Map of southeastern South America with distribution records of Tibiagomphus Belle, 1992, species. Colored areas correspond to the Neotropical regionalization of biotic elements by Morrone (2014). Abbreviations: ER, Entre Rios and MI, Misiones for Argentine provinces; PR, Paraná, RS, Rio Grande do Sul, and SC, Santa Catarina for Brazilian States.