Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817 )

Sacchetti, Claudia, Landau, Bernard & Ávila, Sérgio P., 2023, The Lower Pliocene marine gastropods of Santa Maria Island, Azores: Taxonomy and palaeobiogeographic implications, Zootaxa 5295 (1), pp. 1-150 : 35

Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817)

Plate 2 B

* Anguinaria obtusa Schumacher 1817: 262 .

Siliquaria terebella Lamk. — Millet 1854: 158.

Siliquaria sp. , Bronn in Reiss 1862: 36.

Siliquaria anguina Linné 1864 , Mayer: 56.

Tenagodus anguinus (L.) — Sacco 1896b: 17, pl. 2, figs. 14-17.

Tenagodes anguinus Linné mut. miocaenicus —Cossmann & Peyrot 1921: 88, pl. 3, fig. 23.

Tenagodus anguinus miocaenicus Cossmann & Peyrot , sp. 1921— Glibert 1949: 128, pl. 7, fig. 11.

Tenagodus anguineus var. miocenicus Cossmann et Peyrot —Erünal-Erentöz 1958: 20, pl. 2, fig. 13.

Tenagodus (Tenagodus) anguinus var. miocaenicus Cossmann & Peyrot, 1921 —Kojumdgieva in Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960: 118, pl. 33, fig. 3.

Tenagodus anguinus Linné, 1766 — Strausz 1966: 122, fig. 58.

Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) — Malatesta 1974: 200, pl. 14, fig. 9.

Tenagodus (Tenagodus) anguinus miocaenicus Cossmann & Peyrot, 1922 — Bałuk 1975: 124, pl. 14, fig. 16.

Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) — Chirli 1988: 16, pl. 1, fig. 8.

Tenagodus obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) — Poppe & Goto 1991: 110, pl. 14, figs. 13-14.

Tenagodus obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) — Cavallo & Repetto 1992: 48, fig. 063.

Tenagodus obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) — Giannuzzi-Savelli et al. 1997: 52, figs. 109-113.

Tenagodus obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) — Marquet 1997a: 10, pl. 3, fig. 4.

Siliquaria (Siliquaria) anguinea (Linné) — Schultz 1998: 58, pl. 22, fig.8.

Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) — Silva 2001: 125, pl. 5, figs. 15-16.

Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) — Landau et al. 2004a: 14, pl. 2, fig. 7.

Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) — Wesselingh et al. 2012: 46, fig. 40.

Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) — Landau et al. 2013: 58, pl. 5, fig. 8.

Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) — Van Dingenen et al. 2016: 116, pl. 2, fig. 14.

Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) — Landau et al. 2018: 190, pl. 14, figs. 1-2.

Tenagodus obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) — Boschele et al. 2021: 19, pl. 14, fig. 26.

Santa Maria material examined. Maximum height 12.0 mm, width 11.0 mm. DBUA-F 1283-2 (1), DBUA-F 1023-B (1), Ponta do Castelo, Santa Maria Island, Azores, Touril Complex, Lower Pliocene.

Description. Shell small for species, tubular, irregularly conically coiled. Protoconch not preserved. Early teleoconch whorls fused, separated by deeply impressed suture, adult whorls becoming increasingly disjunct from about fourth whorl, continuing openly coiled, until most adult part of shell, which grows more or less straight. Whorls with almost horizontal, smooth subsutural platform, delimited by narrow spiral fissure, composed of small, axially elongated perforations, strongly convex and somewhat rugose below.

Discussion. The presence of a continuous shell slit places this species in Tenagodus sensu stricto ( Van Dingenen et al. 2016: 116). There is agreement in the literature that the early Pliocene to present-day European specimens represent a single species Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus ( Schumacher, 1817) (= Tenagodus anguinus auct. al. non Linnaeus, 1758, which is a tropical Indo-Pacific species).

Most authors have separated the Miocene forms under the name Tenagodus anguinus miocaenicus Cossmann & Peyrot, 1921 ( Glibert, 1949; Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov, 1960; Strauz, 1966; Bałuk, 1975), although as pointed out by Lozouet et al. (2001 a: 28), they should be referred to by the earlier name Tenagodus terebellus ( Lamarck, 1818) . This separation is made mainly on the basis of size, the Miocene specimens being smaller ( Glibert, 1949). However, as shown in Landau et al. (2013:58) Miocene specimens such as those from the eastern Proto-Mediterranean of Turkey can be very large. The Azorean specimens are small, and we follow Van Dingenen et al. (2016) and Landau et al. (2013 -2018) in considering all these forms to represent a single long-lived species.

Distribution. Lower Miocene: Proto-Mediterranean (Burdigalian), Colli Torinesi, Italy ( Sacco 1896b). Lower-middle Miocene: North Sea Basin (late Burdigalian-Langhian): Belgium ( Landau et al. 2004a). Middle Miocene: NE Atlantic (Aquitanian-Serravallian): Aquitaine Basin, (Cossmann & Peyrot 1921), (Langhian) Loire Basin, France ( Glibert 1949); Paratethys (Langhian-Serravallian), Bulgaria ( Kojumdgieva & Strachimirov 1960), Poland ( Bałuk 1975), Hungary ( Strausz 1966); Vienna Basin, Austria ( Schultz 1998); Proto-Mediterranean (Serravallian): Karaman Basin, Turkey (Erünal-Erentöz 1958; Landau et al. 2013). Upper Miocene: Atlantic (Tortonian and Messinian), Loire Basin, France ( Brébion 1964; Landau et al. 2018); Proto-Mediterranean, Tortonian, Po Basin, Italy ( Sacco 1896b; Boschele et al. 2021). Lower Pliocene: Atlantic, Santa Maria Island, Azores (this paper), NW France ( Brébion 1964; Van Dingenen et al. 2016); North Sea Basin, Belgium ( Marquet 1997a); western Mediterranean, Estepona Basin, Spain, ( Landau et al. 2004a); central Mediterranean, Italy ( Anfossi et al. 1983; Chirli 2006). Upper Pliocene: NE Atlantic, Mondego Basin, Portugal ( Silva 2001); central Mediterranean, Italy ( Sacco 1896b; Malatesta 1974; Chirli 1988; Cavallo & Repetto 1992). Present-day: Mediterranean to West Africa, 100-300 m depth ( Poppe & Goto 1991). Also reported from Canary Islands (Hernández et al. 2011).

Figures

PLATE 2. A1-A2. Bittium nanum (Mayer, 1864), DBUA-F 1296-2, height 4.9 mm, width 2.0 mm, Malbusca. B. Tenagodus (Tenagodus) obtusus (Schumacher, 1817), DBUA-F 1283-2, height 12.0 mm, width 11.0 mm, Ponta do Castelo. C. Epitonium sp., DBUA-F 931-1, height 4.0 mm, width 2.8 mm, Pedra-que-pica. D1-D3. Janthina krejcii, SMF10135a, height 25.0 mm, diameter 32.0 mm, Macela viewpoint (pictures from Beu, 2017, fig. 26). E1-E3. Janthina typica (Bronn, 1861), DBUA-F-428, height 19.0 mm, diameter 21.0 mm, Ponta do Castelo, (pictures from Beu, 2017, fig. 25). F.Cheilea equestris (Linnaeus, 1758), DBUA-F 1283-1, diameter 30.0 mm, Ponta do Castelo. G1-G3. Hipponix sulcatus (Borson, 1820), DBUA-F 937-1, height 5.3 mm, diameter 14.0 mm, Ponta do Castelo. H1-H2. Euspira atlantica (Mayer, 1862), height 16.0 mm, diameter 19.0 mm, Ponta do Norte lighthouse, LNEG collection (unnumbered). I. Triphorid s.l., DBUA-F 471-5, height 3.2 mm, width 1.3 mm, Ponta do Castelo. J1-J2. Cerithiopsis cf. tubercularis (Montagu, 1803), DBUA-F 1023-1, height 3.0 mm, width 1.2 mm, Ponta do Castelo. K. Petaloconchus intortus (Lamarck, 1818), DBUA-F 946-2, height 13.0 mm, width 6.0 mm, Ponta dos Cedros. L. Thylacodes arenarius (Linnaeus, 1758), DBUA-F 869-1, height 33.0 mm, width 24.0 mm, Ponta dos Cedros. M1-M3. Alvania cancellata (da Costa, 1778), DBUA-F 1296-3, height 4.0 mm, width 2.2 mm, Malbusca.