Taraire rufolineata ( Urquhart, 1889 ) Álvarez-Padilla & Kallal & Hormiga, 2020

Álvarez-Padilla, Fernando, Kallal, Robert J. & Hormiga, Gustavo, 2020, Taxonomy And Phylogenetics Of Nanometinae And Other Australasian Orb-Weaving Spiders (Araneae: Tetragnathidae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2020 (438), pp. 1-107 : 1-107

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1206/0003-0090.438.1.1
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4631677
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/881F3552-7667-A341-FFF2-6DBDFEDAFA53
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Taraire rufolineata ( Urquhart, 1889 )
status	comb. nov.

Treatment

Taraire rufolineata ( Urquhart, 1889) View in CoL , comb. nov.

Figures 4 View FIGURE 4 , 45–50 View FIGURE 45 View FIGURE 46 View FIGURE 47 View FIGURE 48 View FIGURE 49 View FIGURE 50 , 55 View FIGURE 55

Linyphia rufo-lineata Urquhart, 1889: 137 (male and female syntypes).

Landana lautiuscula Dalmas, 1917: 372 , figs. 40–43 (female description). Two female syntypes (from Murchison, South Island), MNHN, examined. Synonymized by Bryant (1933), although Dalmas’ syntypes were not examined by her.

Meta rufolineata (Urquart, 1889) Bryant, 1933: 21 View in CoL . Transferred from Landana to Meta View in CoL .

TYPE MATERIAL: Syntypes (2 males, 3 females, 1 juvenile) from the North Island of New Zealand, summit of Te Aroha, deposited at the Canterbury Museum (A1367). The syntypes have been examined by Cor Vink (in litt., G.H.) to confirm the identification.

DIAGNOSIS: Taraire rufolineata can be differentiated from T. oculta by the median projection of the epigynum, which does not extend beyond the distal margin (fig. 47A); this median projection does extend beyond that margin in the latter species (fig. 47B). The epigynal median plate of T. rufolineata is triangular, almost the same width as the epigynum and copulatory openings directed toward the epigynum lateral margins (figs. 47C, 48B); this plate is considerably narrower and with the copulatory openings directed to the sagittal plane in T. oculta (fig. 47D). The conductor of T. rufolineata has a distal portion bent apically and its basal part is continuous with the tegulum (figs. 46A, 48H, 49A), whereas T. oculta has a conductor with both portions bent (fig. 46B). The embolus basal apophysis not covered by conductor and its complex shape is also diagnostic for T. rufolineata (figs. 46A, 49B): in addition, the CEBP lacks spines (figs. 48F, 49C), while T. oculta bears one spine on this process (figs. 48E, 50C).

DESCRIPTION: Female (TEAU029, TEAU043) total length 6.6. Cephalothorax length 2.5, width 2.1. Clypeus height 0.9 AME diameter. Cheliceral promargin and retromargin with three and two teeth respectively, with ca. two cheliceral denticles. Femur I length 3.6. Copulatory ducts modified as membranous sacs with smooth cuticle (figs. 47E, 49E), spermathecae round and slightly more sclerotized that the “copulatory sacs” (fig. 47E), accessory duct glands clustered on puDzall-shaped clusters (figs. 48C, 49E).

Male (TEAU030, TEAU046) same as female except as noted. Total length 8.2. Cephalothorax length 4.4, width 3.3. Clypeus 0.6 AME diameter (fig. 45D). Cephalothorax and abdomen lighter than female. Femur I length 8.9. Embolic apophysis formed by a heavily sclerotized curved lamella with a membranous center (fig. 46A, E, G).

VARIATION: Females (N = 3) total length 4.95– 6.58, cephalothorax length 2.35–2.52, width 1.85–2.05.

DISTRIBUTION: Taraire rufolineata is found around the area of Arthur’s Pass in the central region of the South Island of New Zealand (fig. 55). The syntypes were collected at the summit of Mount Te Aroha (952 m), the highest point on the Kaimai-Mamaku range, but so far this is the only record of this species from the North Island.

NATURAL HISTORY: Taraire rufolineata builds vertical orb webs in forested areas, with an open hub centrally located. They rest at the central hub with two legs forward and the fourth pair pointed back (fig. 4A).

MATERIAL EXAMINED: N = 9. NEW ZEA- LAND, South Island , Arthur’s Pass National Park, Bridal Veil Track, 42° 55′ 49.6″ S, 171° 33′ 43.4″ E, 819 m. G. Hormiga, N. Scharff, J. Pedersen, 4–5 February 2012, 1 male, 1 female (DNA voucher GH1136) GWU GoogleMaps ; 1 female (G. Hormiga field image photos 7979–7983/ 4.ii.2012 GH) GWU ; 1 female (G. Hormiga field image photos 7984–7988/ 4.ii.2012 GH) GWU ; 23 females, 4 immatures (image voucher TEAU043) GWU ; Bealey Vy Tr. , 42° 56′ 1.75″ S, 171° 33′ 29.65″ E, 840 m. A. Newton & M. Thayer 18–21 March 1980, Subalpine Nothofagus , Nothofagus solandri bark pyrethrin fogging 1 female AMNH GoogleMaps ; Selwyn Dist. Co., Bridal Veil Falls Track, 42° 56′ 1.3″ S, 171° 33′ 47.7″ E, 789 m. G. Hormiga, N. Scharff, 4 March 2010, leaf litter, moss, & general collecting at night, 1 female (image voucher TEAU029) GWU GoogleMaps ; 1 male (image voucher TEAU030) GWU GoogleMaps ; 1 male, 4 females, 4 immatures (image voucher TEAU046) GWU .