TAFALISCIDI DESUTTER, 1988

Campos, Lucas Denadai De, Dias, Pedro Guilherme Barrios De Souza, Audino, Jorge Alves, Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure & Nihei, Silvio Shigueo, 2023, The fifth family of the true crickets (Insecta: Orthoptera: Ensifera: Grylloidea), Oecanthidae defin. nov.: phylogenetic relationships and divergence times, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 197 (4), pp. 1034-1077 : 1062-1063

SUPERTRIBE TAFALISCIDI DESUTTER, 1988 SUPERTRIB. NOV.

Tafaliscini Desutter, 1988: 367. Otte, 1994: 68. Gorochov, 1995: 1–213.

Tafaliscina Gorochov, 2011: 254 . Gorochov, 2017: 87. Campos et al., 2020: 333. Campos & DesutterGrandcolas, 2020: 393.

Type genus: Tafalisca Walker, 1869 .

Distribution: Neotropics.

Diagnosis: Medium to large-sized crickets, body fusiform. Lateral ocelli rounded, larger than central one; FWs well developed with longitudinal veins ( Fig. 19A ) or with stridulatory apparatus developed ( Fig. 19B ; Supporting Information, Fig. S2C ). When stridulatory apparatus developed: anal field bulged, sinuosity of PCu vein close to lateral field ( Fig. 19B ) and apical field longer than mirror. TI with tympanum, except for the majority of Tafalisca species. TIII subapical spurs and spines strong (Supporting Information, Fig. S6B ). Tip of dorsal and ventral valves of ovipositor truncated ( Fig. 19C ; Supporting Information, Fig. S5B ) Male genitalia: MedLophi and LLophi connected by a membrane; lateral margins of endophallic sclerite folded in ventral view ( Figs.19D ; Supporting Information, Figs S7A, C; S 8A ).

Included genera: Amblyrhethus Kirby, 1906 , EubezƲerkhoƲia Gorochov & Izerskyy, 2020 , Mexitrypa Gorochov, 2011 , Perutrella Gorochov, 2011 , Stenaphonus Saussure, 1878 (transferred from Podoscirtini), Tafalisca Walker, 1869 , Veredatrypa Campos, 2020 .

Remarks: This clade is elevated from subtribe to tribe based on the phylogenetic results and the taxonomic organization presented here. There are only two genera of Tafaliscidi without a developed stridulatory apparatus, i.e. Tafalisca and Stenaphonus . However, most of the species of Tafalisca have a curved PCu vein and stridulatory teeth on ventral face of this vein. This condition suggests that Tafalisca could use acoustic communication or produce vibration using its FWs ( Campos & Desutter-Grandcolas, 2020) since there are no structures to propagate the sound like a mirror or harp veins. The genus Stenaphonus has characteristics in common with Tafaliscidi , mainly with Tafalisca crickets. Several characters support the transfer of Stenaphonus from Podoscirtini to Tafaliscidi , i.e. lateral ocelli large and rounded; TIII subapical spurs 5/4; FWs bearing longitudinal veins; ovipositor flattened dorsoventrally; Neotropical distribution ( Saussure, 1878).

Figures

Figure 2. Diversity of Oecanthidae: A, Proturana subapterus, female (Euscyrtinae) (photo: Laure Desutter-Grandcolas); B, Oecanthus sp., male (Oecanthinae: Oecanthidi: Oecanthini) (photo: Marcos Fianco); C, Diatrypa sp., male (Oecanthinae: Diatrypidi) (photo: Neucir Szinwelski); D, Stenoecanthus planixiphus, male and female mating (Oecanthinae) (photo: Sylvain Hugel); E, Tafalisca hugeli, male (Tafaliscinae:Tafaliscidi) (photo: Sylvain Hugel); F, Apterotrypa mitarakensis, male (Tafaliscinae: Paroecanthidi: Neometrypini) (photo: Sylvain Hugel); G, Angustitrella sp., male (Tafaliscinae: Paroecanthidi: Paroecanthini) (photo: Pedro Souza-Dias); H, Phyllogryllus Ʋelutinus, male (Podoscirtinae: Hapithidi: Phyllogryllini) (photo: Lucas Denadai de Campos); I, Cearacesa sp., male (Podoscirtinae: Hapithidi: Cearacesaini) (photo: Lucas Denadai de Campos); J, Matuanus caledonicus, male (Podoscirtinae: Podoscirtidi: Aphonoidini) (photo: Hervé Jourdan); K, Adenopterus sp., female (Podoscirtinae:Podoscirtidi:Aphonoidini) (photo:Phillipe Grandcolas); L,Trulajlia hibinonis, male (Podoscirtinae: Podoscirtidi: Truljaliini) (photo: Masaki Ikeda, Wikipedia).

Figure 5. A, Euscyrtus aff. bipunctatus, male, dorsal habitus. Proturana subapterus: B, head and pronotum, lateral view; C, claw; D, ovipositor; dorsal view. Scales: 1mm.

Figure 6. A, Neoxabea breƲipes, head dorsal view. Oecanthus sp.: B, male, pronotum and FW; C, claw. Scales: 1mm.

Figure 7. Neoxabea breƲipes. A, hind tibia and tarsi; B, hind tibia distal margin and tarsi, inner view; C, hind tibia distal margin and tarsi, outer view. Scales: 1mm. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.

Figure 8. Diatrypa (Diatrypa) tuberculata. A, female; B, male.

Figure 19. A, Tafalisca elongata elongata, male, dorsal habitus; B, Amblyrhethus sp., male, right FW; C, Tafalisca sp., apex of ovipositor: a, dorsal view, b, ventral view; D, Tafalisca furfurosa, male genitalia, ventral view. Scales: 1 mm. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.