Nothopleurus madericus ( Skiles, 1978 )

Santos-Silva, Antonio, Swift, Ian P. & Nearns, Eugenio H., 2010, Division of the genus Nothopleurus Lacordaire, 1869 (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Prioninae), Zootaxa 2643, pp. 1-44 : 19-21

Nothopleurus madericus ( Skiles, 1978)

( Figs. 5, 6 , 26, 27 , 41, 42 , 60 , 76 )

Stenodontes arizonicus ; Hovore & Giesbert, 1976: 350; Hovore et al., 1978: 99 (host).

Stenodontes (Mallodon) madericus Skiles, 1978: 414 ; Chemsak et al., 1992: 15; Monné & Giesbert, 1994: 6. Nothopleurus madericus ; Fragoso & Monné, 1995: 225; Monné, 1995: 13 (cat.); Chemsak, 1996: 80; Linsley & Chemsak, 1997: 435 (host); Monné, 2002: 16 (cat.; host); 2004: 38 (cat.; host); Monné & Hovore, 2005: 13 (cat.): 2006: 13 (cat.); Monné, 2006: 55 (cat.).

Male ( Fig. 5 ). Head, excluding mandibles, longer than prothorax, elongated behind eyes. Cen t ral area, between antennal tubercles and base of upper ocular lobes, with gibbosity well marked on each side of longitudinal dorsal furrow. Central area of dorsal face with coarse, sparse punctures on region between gibbosities and middle region between posterior edge of upper ocular lobe and occiput, and finer and more dense towards latter; laterally strongly coarse and anastomosed near upper ocular lobes and rough towards occiput; setation short and sparse on middle region, longer and more dense laterally. Area behind upper ocular lobe depressed, longitudinally vermiculated near eye, and rough towards occiput; area behind lower ocular lobe rough; setation moderately long and dense. Antennal tubercles rounded, with apex projected laterally. Clypeus long (length equal to approximately 0.3 times width), densely and coarsely punctate, strongly elevated laterally, forming a wide keel. Labrum vertical (only lateral areas are slightly visible dorsally). Eyes proportionally large; distance between upper ocular lobes equal to 1.6 times length of scape; distance between lower ocular lobes equal to 1.3 times length of scape. Ocular carina narrow and distinct between antennal tubercles and posterior edge of upper ocular lobe. Hypostomal area ( Fig. 26 ) strongly elevated near the gula, and very strongly depressed towards mentum; surface wholly rugose-punctate; lateral area near mentum and close to hypostomal carina with a strongly elevated plate at each side, coarsely punctate, and with apex rounded and curved to center of hypostomal area; setation long, sparse towards gula, becoming dense at depressed area and plates. Hypostomal carina ( Fig. 26 ) very low, slightly elevated from base to apex. Maxillary palpomere III longer than IV. Apex of labial palps attaining approximately apex of maxillary palpomere III. Galea not reaching apex of maxillary palpomere II.

Mandibles ( Fig. 5 ) longer than head (major male); dorsal carina ( Fig. 41 ) strongly elevated from base to proximity of apical inner tooth, somewhat narrow throughout, and vertically lowered at apex; inner face high (from lower margin to apex of carina at middle region, ca. 0.5 times length of mandible), vertical to apex of dorsal carina at infero-inner margin, and notably wide (major and minor specimens); infero-inner margin with large tooth before middle; outer face tumid; inner apical tooth distinctly shorter than external; apical one-third not notably narrowed (major and minor specimens). Antennae reaching middle of elytra; scape dorsally and ventrally coarsely and sparsely punctate, coarsely and confluently punctate at frontal face; width of scape at apex 0.4 times length.

Anterior angles of prothorax with spine just before apex, not projected forward; lateral angles distinctly spinose; posterior angles spinose; lateral margins distinctly spinose. Elytra smooth, usually with the apical fourth finely and sparsely punctate; elytral carinae not distinct. Metepisternum ( Fig. 60 ) distinctly narrowed and concave in inner margin (width at central region ca. 0.12 times length).

Female ( Fig. 6 ). Head, excluding mandibles, as long as prothorax. Sculpturation of dorsal face of head and area behind eyes as in male. Clypeus long (length ca. 0.3 times width), not strongly elevated laterally or keel-like, but with deep depression at each side. Labrum visible dorsally. Distance between upper ocular lobes 1.3 times length of scape; distance between lower ocular lobes 1.2 times length of scape. Hypostomal area ( Fig. 27 ) wholly rugose; somewhat elevated near gula, and distinctly depressed towards mentum; anterior edge abruptly vertical; setation as in male. Hypostomal carina ( Fig. 27 ) as in male. Mandibles ( Fig. 6 ) distinctly shorter than head; dorsal carina ( Fig. 42 ) elevated from base to proximity of apical inner tooth, wide throughout, and obliquely lowered at apex; inner face (from infero-inner margin to apex of carina at middle region) ca. 0.5 times length of mandible, concave from inner edge to apex of dorsal carina, and notably wide; infero-inner margin with a plate linking basal tooth with inner apical tooth; outer face tumid. Antennae reaching the basal one-third of elytra; width of scape at apex 0.4 times length; sculpturation of scape as in male. Angles and lateral margins of prothorax as in male. Metepisternum slightly concave at inner margin (width at central region 0.2 times length).

Variation. Male: clypeus not punctate at central basal area; clypeus elevated laterally, but not forming wide keel; distance between lower ocular lobes 1.6 times length of scape; ocular carina distinct only on upper ocular lobe; maxillary palpomere III as long as IV; mandibles shorter than head (minor male); anterior angles of prothorax slightly projected forward.

Female: head, without mandibles, just shorter than prothorax; distance between upper ocular lobes 1.4 times length of scape; distance between lower ocular lobes 1.4 times length of scape; hypostomal carina indicated; antennae almost reaching the middle of elytra.

Dimensions in mm (male/female). Total length (including mandibles), 35.1–41.5/32.2–46.0; prothoracic length, 5.1–5.5/4.6–6.0; anterior prothoracic width (between apices of anterior angles), 8.3–9.5/6.8–10.0; posterior prothoracic width (between apices of posterior angles), 8.5–9.9/7.6–10.4; humeral width, 9.7–10.8/ 9.2–12.4; elytral length, 21.3–24.1/20.7–31.1.

Types, type-locality. Holotype male, from the United States (Arizona), deposited in USNM. Twenty three paratype males and thirty five paratype females, deposited in USNM, CASC, AMNH, EMEC, and private collection of D. D. Skiles, J. S. Cope, E. F. Giesbert, F. T. Hovore, C. E. Langston, A. E. Lewis, D. G. Marqua, and G. C. Walters, Jr.

Geographical distribution ( Fig. 76 ). United States [Arizona ( Skiles 1978)], Mexico [Chihuahua ( Skiles 1978)].

Material examined. UNITED STATES, Arizona: Pima County, Madera Canyon, female, VII.25.1972, B. C. Ratcliffe col. ( ACMT); 2 females, VII.24.1978, J. E. Wappes col. ( ACMT); Santa Cruz County, Madera Canyon, paratype male, paratype female, VII.11.1957, Stange & Haarding col. ( EMEC); Coconino County, Indiana Gardens, 6 miles N Sedona, paratype female, VIII.76.1967, [no collector indicated] col. ( EMEC); Superstition Mountains, paratype female, VII [no year indicated]. D. K. Duncan col. ( EMEC). MEXICO, Chihuahua: Yepachic, 1 male, 3 females, VII.14.1996, Reyes-Castillo & Edmonds col. ( MZSP); 15 miles E Cuauhtemoc (6,600 feet), paratype female, VII.11.1964, J. A. Chemsak & J. Powell col. ( EMEC).

Comments. Nothopleurus madericus can be easily separated from the other species of the genus by the presence of the plates at the hypostomal area in both sexes (absent in all other species of Nothopleurus ).

Skiles (1978) affirmed that the mandibles are longer than head. However, the photograph of the holotype ( Lingafelter et al. 2010) shows that the mandibles are as long as the head.

Figures

FIGURES 5 – 8. Habitus. 5. Nothopleurus madericus (Skiles, 1978), paratype male; 6. idem, female; 7. Nothopleurus subsulcatus (Dalman, 1823), male; 8. Hovorodon maxillosum (Drury, 1773), male.

FIGURES 21 – 32. Head and prothorax, ventral view. 21. Nothopleurus castaneus, male; 22. idem, female; 23. N. lobigenis, male; 24. idem, female; 25. N. subsulcatus, male; 26. N. madericus, paratype male; 27. idem, female; 28. Hovorodon subcancellatum, male; 29. idem, female; 30. Hovorodon bituberculatum, male; 31. idem, female; 32. Hovorodon maxillosum, male.

FIGURES 33 – 56. 33 – 35, head and prothorax, ventral view: 33. Hovorodon maxillosum, female; 34. H. santacruzensis, paratype male; 35. idem, paratype female. 36 – 52, mandibles: 36. Nothopleurus castaneus, male, dorsal view; 37. idem, female, dorsal view; 38. N. lobigenis, male, dorsal view; 39. idem, female, dorsal view; 40. N. subsulcatus, male, lateral view; 41. N. madericus, male, lateral view; 42. idem, female, dorsal view; 43. Hovorodon subcancellatum, male, dorsal view; 44. idem, male, lateral view; 45. idem, female, dorsal view; 46. H. bituberculatum, male, dorsal view; 47. idem, male, lateral view; 48. idem, female, dorsal view; 49. H. maxillosum, male, dorsal view; 50. idem, female, dorsal view; 51. H. santacruzensis, male, dorsal view; 52. idem, female, dorsal view. 53 – 56, metatarsus: 53. Mallodon downesii Hope, 1843, male, dorsal view; 54. idem, lateral view; 55. M. arabicum, male, dorsal view; 56. idem, male, lateral view.

FIGURES 57 – 64. Metepisternum, male. 57. Nothopleurus castaneus; 58. N. lobigenis; 59. N. subsulcatus; 60. N. madericus; 61. Hovorodon subcancellatum; 62. H. bituberculatum; 63. H. maxillosum; 64. H. santacruzensis.

FIGURES 75 – 78. Maps. 75. Distribution of Nothopleurus and Hovorodon; 76. Nothopleurus lobigenis (circle), N. castaneus (square), N. madericus (star); 77. Hovorodon subcancellatum (circle), H. santacruzensis (square); 78. H. bituberculatum (square), H. maxillosum (star), Nothopleurus subsulcatus (circle).