Sinopogonanthera setulosa (C.Y.Wu & H.W. Li) H.W.Zhang & X.F.Jin, 2021

Lu, Yi-Fei, Xu, Yue-Liang, Xie, Wen-Yuan, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Zheng, Zi-Hong, Cai, Xin & Jin, Xiao-Feng, 2021, Two new species and a new combination from Zhejiang, East China, PhytoKeys 184, pp. 111-126 : 111

Sinopogonanthera setulosa (C.Y.Wu & H.W. Li) H.W.Zhang & X.F.Jin comb. nov.

Chinese name: 小刺毛髯药草 Figs 3 , 4

Sinopogonanthera zhejiangensis ≡ Sinopogonanthera zhejiangensis H.W.Zhang & X.F.Jin, Fl. Zhejiang (New Ed.) 7: 230. 2020, nom. nud.

Basionym.

Paraphlomis setulosa C.Y.Wu & H.W.Li, Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 65(2): 602. 1977. Type: China. Anhui (安徽), Xiuning (休宁), 20 June 1959, Ren-Hua Shan, Xiu Wu 2226 (holotype: NAS 00072429!).

Note.

Based on the type specimen and the other related specimen examination, we emended the morphology of the species and described it below

Description emended.

Herb perennial, rhizomatous. Stems erect, unbranched, 30-80 cm tall, 2-3.5 mm in diam., obtusely 4-angled, shallowly canaliculate, densely retrorsely white-setulose. Leaves opposite; blades elliptic, oblong-ovate, elliptic-ovate or ovate, 7-19 cm long, 3-9.5 cm wide, apex acuminate, base broadly cuneate, margin serrate, adaxially green, abaxially pale green, sparsely pubescent on both sides, densely pubescent on mid-ribs, lateral veins 5-8 pairs; petioles 0.5-4.5 cm long, adaxially flat, densely white-setulose. Verticillasters axillary, (3-)7-14-flowered, 1.5-3 cm in diam.; pedicels 1-2 mm long or subsessile; bracteoles subulate, 1.5-3 mm long, densely setuloae. Calyx tubular-obconical, 7-9 mm long, outside densely setulose, 5-veined, 5-lobed; teeth oblong-lanceolate or triangular, 2.5-3 mm long, apex acuminate, white-setulose. Corolla pale purple or pink, 10-15 mm long, outside densely appressed-pilose, inside sparsely pilose, hairy-annulate on lower part; tube 6-8 mm long, nearly straight, upper part slightly curved, amplified, with limb 2-lipped; upper lip straight, obovate-oblong, 5-5.5 mm long, apex emarginate; lower lip 3-lobed, middle lobe broadly obovate, ca. 3.5 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, apex emarginate, lateral lobes ovate, ca. 2.5 mm long, ca. 1.5 mm wide. Stamens 4, didynamous, nearly included, posterior 2 inserted in lower lip of corolla larynx, anterior 2 inserted in upper lip of corolla larynx, filaments sparsely pilose, anthers barbate, cells strongly divergent. Ovary glabrous; style slender, slightly exserted, apex 2-cleft. Disc persistent, cup-shaped. Nutlets obovoid, obtusely trigonous, gray-brown, ca. 2 mm long, apex truncate. Flowering and fruiting June-August.

Specimen examined.

Anhui (安徽), Xiuning (休宁), 29 June 1959, Ren-Hua Shan, Xiu Wu 2674 (paratype: NAS). Zhejiang (浙江): Kaihua (开化), Mount Gutian (古田山), roadside under forest, alt. 400 m, 28 June 2018, Xiao-Feng Jin 4230 (HTC, ZM). Lin’an (临安), Tuankou Town (湍口), Tangli Village (塘里村), in grasses under Torreya forest, alt. 550 m, 4 August 2014, Xiao-Feng Jin 3316, 3317, 3318 (ZJFC, ZM), the same locality, under forest, 5 June 2013, Hong-Wei Zhang 0001 (HTC, ZM), cultivated in Changhua (昌化), introduced from Tangli Village (塘里村) of Tuankou Town (湍口镇), 11 June 2021, Yi-Fei Lu & Xiao-Feng Jin 242 (holotype: ZM; isotypes: HTC, KUN for Sinopogonanthera zhejiangensis ). Qujiang (衢江), Qianligang (千里岗), 22 July 2017, Zheng-Hai Chen s.n. (HTC).

Notes.

Twenty-eight species with nine varieties within the genus Paraphlomis are currently recognized, which are mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical evergreen and mixed forests ( Chen et al. 2021). Li (1965) revised Paraphlomis from China and 21 species with eight varieties were recognized. Wu & Li (1977) published Paraphlomis setulosa and P. reflexa as two new species, and they described that Paraphlomis setulosa had anther cells strongly divergent. The taxonomic treatment of the genus Paraphlomis in Flora of China was just the same as Wu & Li in Flora Reipublicae Popularis Sinicae (Li & Hedge 1994). Guo (1993) established a new genus Pogonanthera close to Paraphlomis but mainly differs from barbate anthers and filament appendages at the apex. Unfortunately, Pogonanthera H.W.Li & X.H.Guo is a later homonym and Li (1993) proposed Sinopogonanthera H.W.Li as the replacement name, which were accepted and adopted ( Guo 1995; Zheng 2005).

The genus Sinopogonanthera contains three species, and the key to these three species is shown as follows. Sinopogonanthera caulopteris H.W.Li has verticillasters up to 30-flowered, leaf blade long-elliptic, base cuneate and decurrent, petioles very short or subsessile, and stems narrowly alate. Sinopogonanthera intermedia (C.Y.Wu & H.W.Li) H.W.Li has verticillasters 10-14-flowered, leaf blade ovate to ovate-rounded, base broadly cuneate, petioles 1-6 cm long. Sinopogonanthera setulosa is somewhat similar to S. intermedia in attenuate but not decurrent leaf blades at the base and leaf blade petiolate, but differs in having calyx lobes oblong-lanceolate, 2.5-3 mm long, corolla outside densely appressed-white-pilose, and leaves without glands. The species Sinopogonanthera zhejiangensis (nom. nud.) is consistent to S. setulosa and here reduced to synonym.

Figures

Figure 3. Sinopogonanthera setulosa A lower part of habit B upper part of habit C indumentum on stem D flower with bracteole E opened corolla F anther G stigma H dorsal section of nutlet I ventral section of nutlet (Illustrated by Xiao-Feng Jin; based on Yi-Fei Lu & Xiao-Feng Jin 242, ZM).

Figure 4. Comparison of Sinopogonanthera setulosa and S. intermedia A-F Sinopogonanthera setulosa A habitat B rhizome C calyx D inflorescence E corolla F nutlet G-K Sinopogonanthera intermedia G habit H inflorescence I nutlet J calyx K corolla.