Sciadeini, Marceniuk & Oliveira & Ferraris Jr, 2024

Marceniuk, Alexandre Pires, Oliveira, Claudio & Ferraris Jr, Carl J., 2024, A new classification of the family Ariidae (Osteichthyes: Ostariophysi: Siluriformes) based on combined analyses of morphological and molecular data, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2), pp. 426-476 : 443

Sciadeini tribe nov.

MP 84, BI 1, ML 98

( Figs 1–3 , 16 )

ZooBank registration: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:02882C05-C5B8-48C9-B796-0339081B8412 .

Type genus: Sciades Müller & Troschel, 1849 .

Diagnosis

Posterior branch of lateral ethmoid depressed (13, 0> 1), reversed in Potamarius izabalensis ; posterior process of exoccipital connected to Müllerian ramus by suture (93, 0> 1).

Ambiguous optimization: Posterior cranial fontanel absent (26, 1> 0), reversed in Potamarius ; epiphyseal bar indistinct (28, 0> 1), reversed in Potamarius ; temporal fossa absent (38, 0> 1); subvertebral process indistinct or weakly developed (78, 1> 0), reversed in Potamarius .

Included genera

Ariopsis Gill, 1861

Potamarius Hubbs & Miller, 1960

Sciades Müller & Troschel, 1849 .

Remarks

The total-evidence analysis brings significant results concerning the definition of limits and species composition of Sciades .The present analysis supports the hypothesis of monophyly, relationships, and species composition as defined based on previous molecular studies (Betancur-R. et al. 2007, Betancur-R. 2009). The inclusion of Old World species in Sciades ( Marceniuk and Menezes 2007, Marceniuk et al. 2012), here assigned to Hexanematichthys or Pseudosciades , is interpreted as a result of morphological convergence, mainly smaller skull openings (characters 26, 28, and 93).

Figures

Figure 1. MP analysis.Subfamilies (SF) Galeichthyinae (pink), Bagreinae (bright blue), and Ariinae (dark blue). Tribe (T) Ariini (blue), Cathopsini (orange), Genidentini tribe nov. (brown), and Sciadeini tribe nov. (light green).Subtribe (ST) Ariina (light blue) and Doiichthyina (green). Incertae sedis taxa (IS) (red). Numbers over branches correspond to the bootstrap support.

Figure 2. ML analysis. Subfamilies (SF) Galeichthyinae (pink), Bagreinae (bright blue), and Ariinae (dark blue). Tribe (T) Ariini (blue), Cathopsini (orange), Genidentini tribe nov. (brown), and Sciadeini tribe nov. (light green). Subtribe (ST) Ariina (light blue) and Doiichthyina (green). Incertae sedis taxa (IS) (red). Numbers over branches correspond to the bootstrap support.

Figure 3. BI analysis.Subfamilies (SF) Galeichthyinae (pink), Bagreinae (bright blue), and Ariinae (dark blue). Tribe (T) Ariini (blue), Cathopsini (orange), Genidentini tribe nov. (brown), and Sciadeini tribe nov. (light green).Subtribe (ST) Ariina (light blue) and Doiichthyina (green). Incertae sedis taxa (IS) (red). Numbers over branches correspond to the bootstrap support.

Figure 16. Representative skulls, in dorsal view, and distribution of Sciadeini tribe nov. A, Ariopsis felis, http://catfishbone.acnatsci.org. B, Potamarius izabalensis, UMMZ 177252. C, Sciades parkeri, MPEG APM 147. * marine, ** brackish waters, *** freshwater.