Scaria ferruginea Hancock, 1909

Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J., Mendes, Diego Matheus De Mello, Silva, Daniela Santos Martins, Granda, Juan Manuel Cardona, García, Alexander García & Tumbrinck, Josef, 2019, Systematics and biogeography of the genus Scaria Bolívar, 1887 (Orthoptera: Tetrigidae: Batrachideinae), Zootaxa 4675 (1), pp. 1-65 : 33-36

Scaria ferruginea Hancock, 1909

Figs. 18 , 19 , 35

Scaria ferruginea Hancock, 1909: 425 .

Scaria laeta Günther, 1940: 472 . Synonymized by Cadena-Castañeda & Cardona (2015: 458).

Type speciments. Holotype: ♀ BRAZIL, S. America, collected by Bates; W.W. Saunders’ collection ( UMO).

Other specimens examined. BRAZIL, Rondônia, Candeias, Jamari, UHE Samuel , 17.viii.2016, 8°56’57”S– 63°10’60”W, Arm. Luz, D.M.M. Mendes, F.F. Xavier F °, A.A. Agudelo & J.A. Rafael leg. (1♀); idem, Amazonas, Careiro Castanho, BR-319, km 181, Sítio São Paulo, 4°12’48”S– 60°49’04”W, 10–24.iv.2017, Malaise grande, J.A. Rafael & F.F. Xavier F° leg. (1♀) ; idem, 15–28.ii.2017 (1♂) ; idem, 05–17.x.2017 (1♀) ; idem, Amazonas, Barcelos, Rio Padauari , Comunidade Ararinha , 00°30'18"N – 64°03'30"W, 04–08.vi.2010, Varredura, S.S. Oliveira, J.T. Câ- mara, J.A. Rafael & V. Linardi leg. (1♂ 1♀) ( INPA) . Para, Para, V. VII, VII-21-1919, (5♀); Para, Peixe Boi, XI-XII- 1907 (1♀), Para , Prata VII-9-1919 (1♀); Pará, Satarém, (1♂), Amazonas , Tefé , I-28, XII-5-1920 (1♂ 1♀) ( ANSP) . BOLIVIA, Santa Cruz, Palmar, Rio San Mateo , IX-14–16-1937 (3♀) , La Paz, Mapiri (2♂ 2♀) ( ANSP) . PERU, Loreto, Iquitos , V-3, 17 -1920, (2♀) ; Loreto, Pachitea (1♂) ; Huanuco, Tingo María , II-1950 (1♂ 1♀) ( ANSP) CO- LOMBIA, Putumayo , la Hormiga ( CAUD) .

Photographic records. BOLIVIA, PN Madidi (Arthur Anker) (1♀) . COLOMBIA, Vaupes, Mitu , 1°16’1.21”N, 70°13’10.77”O (Juan Manuel Cardona) (1♀) .

Redescription. Female. Pronotum, tegmina, wings and thoracic sternites brownish black, tegmina with a subapical ovoid, yellowish spot; dorsal midline brownish white as are the legs and head. Postocular strip usually lacking (in a few specimens there was a faint hint of a line); lower half of the lateral lobes of the pronotum and the greater part of the abdomen whitish ( Fig. 18A ). Head, stout and moderately elongated, eyes globose and moderately long ( Fig. 18B ); fastigium of vertex rounded and poorly projected, frontal costa lowly, but evenly arcuate in lateral view, reaching near the middle of the face; narrow scutellum; dorsal carina arising at about the level of fastigium, short usually sloping obliquely ventrad as part of the outline of the whole structure ( Fig. 18C ). Pronotum, flat, extending a little longer than hind femora ( Fig. 18A ), anterior spine of pronotum stout, curving gradually towards the front, covering the vertex in part. ( Fig. 18C ); median carina continuous and slightly raised from anterior spine to pronotal tip, this carinae pigmented by a brown whitish line ( Fig. 18D ); lateral lobes of the pronotum wider than long, lateral shoulder carina rounded and poorly projected; posterior margin of the lateral lobe sharped ( Fig. 18C ). Tegmina with a prominent subapical ovoid spot, this usually light yellow or white, tegmina ovoid and short compared to other species of the genus, covering the base of the first abdominal tergite ( Fig. 18C ). Legs short and slender, fore femora with a weak sulcation above for its entire length, mid femora with a well-developed to strongly developed internal, dorso-apical spine; hind femora with a pre-genicular spine developed. Abdomen. Subgenital plate a little longer than wide ( Fig. 18F ), with a roundish mid-indentation with no additional protrusions; ovipositor 1.5 times as long as subgenital plate ( Fig. 18E ), epiproct long and triangular shaped; cerci conical and tapering gradually to the tip ( Fig. 18G ).

Male (novum). Similar to the female in color and structure of body but differs in the ambisexual characters ( Figs. 19 A–D): subgenital plate moderately short and inflated ( Figs. 19 E–F), epiproct subtriangular with a small distal protrusion ( Fig. 19E ); cerci cylindrical and tapering progressively towards the tip. ( Fig. 19G ); penultimate abdominal sternite with a weak medial protrusion ( Fig. 19F ).

Variation. Post-ocular stripe usually lacking, though it can occur, weakly and indistinctly, in some specimens; mid-longitudinal stripe of light brown, tan or cream color; tegmina rarely with a basal, light yellowish spot.

Measurements: CFP: 13,4-13,1; VE: 1,1-0,8; HE: 1-0,9; VW: 1,4-0,8; PL: 12,6-12,4; PLB: 3-2,6; FF: 3,7-3,3; FL: 2,7-2,6; MFL: 3,9-3,6; MTL: 3,1-2,9; HL: 8-7,4; HW: 2,5-2,1; HL: 6,6-6.

Distribution. Widely distributed in the Amazon and the Andean piedmont of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil and Bolivia.

Comments. This species was synonymized under S. lineata by Grant, 1902; and under S. laeta by Cadena- Castañeda & Cardona, 2015; we hereby revalidate its status and a re-description is provided for its accurate determination. Because S. ferruginea has a distinct dorsal line, it was mistaken in the past with S. lineata (Westerdujin & Cadena-Castañeda, 2014; Huamán et al, 2014), from which it differs by color pattern (in this species the usual color is dark brown) the post-ocular stripe is usually lacking, and the ovipositor differs (very short in S. ferruginea and normal-sized in S. lineata ). Also, tegmina spot is lacking in S. lineata but conspicuous in S. ferruginea .

Figures

FIGURE 18. Scaria ferruginea Hancock, 1909 (female). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Frons. C. Head and pronotum in lateral view. D. Habitus in dorsal view. E. Terminalia in dorso-lateral view. F. Terminalia in ventral view. G. Terminalia in lateral view.

FIGURE 19. Scaria ferruginea Hancock, 1909 (male). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Frons. C. Head and pronotum in lateral view. D. Habitus in dorsal view. E–G. Male terminalia. E. Terminalia in dorsal view. F. ventral view and G. lateral view respectively.

FIGURE 35. Living female of Scaria ferruginea example from Mitú, Vaupés, Colombia.