Raveniola karategensis, Zonstein, 2024

Zonstein, Sergei L., 2024, A revision of the spider genus Raveniola (Araneae, Nemesiidae). II. Species from Central Asia, European Journal of Taxonomy 967, pp. 1-185 : 38-39

Raveniola karategensis sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:631DA123-F0BE-4C2B-A58E-F073BB22E75B

Figs 44 , 119 , 176 , 238 , 316–317 , 510–512 , 576 , 659–666, 675, 678–679, 753

Diagnosis

The new species shares with Raveniola afghana sp. nov., R. alajensis sp. nov. and R. hirta sp. nov. the presence of the modified long hairs on the female tibia and metatarsus IV. Females of R. karategensis sp. nov. can be distinguished from those of R. afghana and R. hirta by having a fuzzily ornamented (vs uniformly coloured) abdomen (see Fig. 44 cf. Figs 37, 42 ), and from females of R. alajensis in possessing a less pronounced abdominal pattern and the distinctly configured spermathecae with wider bases, broadly spaced stalks and clearly wider inner branches ( Figs 44 , 510–512 cf. Figs 38 , 491–493 ).

Etymology

The specific epithet is a toponym referring to the range of this species, confined to the historical area Karategin (also Karategen), an eastern province of the Bukhara Emirate in the 19 th century, which included the Karategin Mts and Peter I Mts.

Material examined

Holotype

TAJIKISTAN • ♀; Peter I Mts (southern slope), Harvikush Canyon , 35 km ENE of Tavildara Village; 38°52′ N, 70°49′ E; 1900–2200 m a.s.l.; 10 Jul. 2019; S. Zonstein and A. Hakimov leg.; SMNH.

Paratypes (10 ♀♀)

TAJIKISTAN • 4 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; SMNH • 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 9 Jul. 1978; V.I. Ovcharenko leg.; SMNH • 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; ZISP .

Description

Female (holotype)

HABITUS. See Fig. 44.

MEASUREMENTS. TBL 20.95, CL 7.46, CW 6.10, LL 0.59, LW 1.37, SL 3.88, SW 3.45.

COLOUR. Carapace dull reddish brown with clypeus and eye tubercle even darker brown, eyes encircled with partially fused wide blackish brown rings; chelicerae dark cherry red brown; sternum, labium, maxillae, epigastrum, book-lungs and spinnerets light yellowish brown; palps and legs light to medium brownish orange; abdomen medium brown, dorsally with several small light brownish spots and diffuse dark brown chevron-like pattern.

CEPHALOTHORAX. Carapace and chelicerae as shown in Fig. 119 . Clypeus and eye group as in Fig. 176 . Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.16(0.20), ALE 0.28, PLE 0.28, PME 0.19; AME–AME 0.21(0.17), ALE–AME 0.20(0.18), ALE–PLE 0.22, PLE–PME 0.09, PME–PME 0.55. Weak rastellum composed of 30–40 slightly thickened spikes on anterior cheliceral edge. Each cheliceral furrow with 9 promarginal teeth and 6–7 mesobasal denticles. Sternum, labium and maxillae as shown in Fig. 238 . Maxillae with 26–29 cuspules each.

LEGS. Tibia and metatarsus IV densely covered with long modified hairs, as shown in Fig. 316 . Scopula: entire and distal on metatarsi I–II; entire on palpal tarsus and tarsi I–II; sparse and widely divided by setae on tarsi III–IV. Trichobothria: 2 rows of 8–9 each on tibiae, 15–17 on metatarsi, 17–20 on tarsi. Palpal claw with 4 promarginal teeth. PTC I–IV with 6–7 teeth on each margin.

	Femur	Patella	Tibia	Metatarsus	Tarsus	Total
Palp	3.74	1.98	2.47	–	2.47	10.66
Leg I	5.19	2.97	3.63	3.34	2.35	17.48
Leg II	4.61	2.26	2.73	2.92	2.36	14.88
Leg III	4.26	2.23	2.51	3.41	2.19	14.60
Leg IV	5.83	3.12	4.42	5.91	2.96	22.24

SPINATION. All femora with one basodorsal spine and 3–4 median and/or apical bristles; tarsi I–IV aspinose. Palp: femur pd1; patella p1; tibia p1(0), v6; tarsus v2. Leg I: femur pd2; patella p1; tibia p1(0), v4; metatarsus v4. Leg II: femur pd3; patella p1; tibia p2, v6; metatarsus v7(6). Leg III: femur pd4(3), rd3; patella p3, r2(1); tibia d1, p2, r3, v7; metatarsus p2, r3, v7. Leg IV: femur rd3(2); patella r1; tibia r3, v7; metatarsus p2, r4, v9.

SPERMATHECAE. Each of paired spermathecae U-shaped with a relatively low and wide base carrying two more or less broadly spaced and unevenly shaped branches: a longer and wider trapezoidal inner branch and a more slender, shorter and club-like outer one ( Fig. 510 ).

SPINNERETS. See Fig. 576 . PMS: length 0.89, diameter 0.36. PLS: length of basal, medial and apical segments 1.55, 0.73, 0.42; total length 2.70; apical segment triangular.

Male

Unknown.

Variation

Carapace length in paratype females (n=7) varies from 6.71 to 7.88. All the examined females are habitually very similar to each other. Variations in the structure of the eye group, tibia and metatarsus IV, and the spermathecae as shown in Figs 177 , 317 , 511–512 .

Ecology

The spiders were found in the midland zone at an altitude of 1900–2000 m a.s.l. inhabiting open woodland dominated by Juniperus seravschanica . Females of Raveniola karategensis sp. nov. live in open burrows of 30–40 cm depth, provided with a weakly silk-lined entrance rim, walls and living chamber ( Figs 659–666 , 675, 678–679 ).

Distribution

Tajikistan: Peter I Mts. See Fig. 753 .

Figures

Figs 36–44. Raveniola spp., ♀♀, paratypes (except 36–37, 44), habitus, dorsal views. 36. R. redikorzevi (Spassky, 1937), from Kepele (SMNH). 37. R. afghana sp. nov., holotype (NHMD). 38. R. alajensis sp. nov. (SMNH). 39–40. R. cucullata sp. nov. from Shikildara (SMNH) and Childara (SMNH), respectively. 41. R. dolosa sp. nov. (SMNH). 42. R. hirta sp. nov. (SMNH). 43. R. ignobilis sp. nov. (SMNH). 44. R. karategensis sp. nov., holotype (SMNH). Scale bars: 5.0 mm.

Figs 118–126. Raveniola spp., ♀♀, paratypes (except 119, 123, 125), cephalothorax, dorsal views. 118. R. ignobilis sp. nov. (SMNH). 119. R. karategensis sp. nov., holotype (SMNH). 120. R. ornata sp. nov., from Sanglok (SMNH). 121. R. ornatula sp. nov. (SMNH). 122. R. pamira sp. nov. (SMNH). 123. R. sororculasp. nov., holotype (SMNH). 124. R. dilutasp. nov.(SMNH). 125. R. fedotovi(Charitonov, 1946), ♀ from Hojakurgan (SMNH). 126. R. pallens sp. nov. (SMNH). Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

Figs 172–183. Raveniola spp., ♀♀, paratypes (except 176, 181, 183), clypeus and eye tubercle, dorsal views. 172. R. dolosa sp. nov. (SMNH). 173–174. R. hirta sp. nov. (SMNH). 175. R. ignobilis sp. nov. (SMNH). 176. R. karategensis sp. nov., holotype (SMNH). 177. R. karategensis, paratype (SMNH). 178. R. ornata sp. nov., from Sanglok (SMNH). 179. R. ornatula sp. nov. (SMNH). 180. R. pamira sp. nov. (SMNH). 181. R. sororcula sp. nov., holotype (SMNH). 182. R. diluta sp. nov. (SMNH). 183. R. fedotovi (Charitonov, 1946), ♀ from Hojakurgan (SMNH). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figs 238–246. Raveniola spp., ♀♀, paratypes (except 238, 242, 244), sternum, labium and maxillae, ventral views. 238. R. karategensis sp. nov., holotype (SMNH). 239. R. ornata sp. nov., from Sanglok (SMNH). 240. R. ornatula sp. nov. (SMNH). 241. R. pamira sp. nov. (SMNH). 242. R. sororcula sp. nov., holotype (SMNH). 243. R. diluta sp. nov. (SMNH). 244. R. fedotovi (Charitonov, 1946), ♀ from Hojakurgan (SMNH). 245. R. pallens sp. nov. (SMNH). 246. R. zyuzini sp. nov. (SMNH). Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

Figs 310–318. Raveniola spp., ♀♀ (310–312, 314–318) and ♂ (313), tibia and metatarsus IV, retrolateral views. 310. R. afghana sp. nov., holotype (NHMD). 311. R. alajensis sp. nov., paratype from Berksu. 312. R. cucullata sp. nov., paratype from Mullokoni (SMNH). 313–314. R. hirta sp. nov., holotype (SMNH) and paratype (SMNH), respectively. 315. R. ignobilis sp. nov., paratype from Sangdara (SMNH). 316–317. R. karategensis sp. nov., holotype (SMNH) and paratype (SMNH), respectively. 318. R. pamira sp. nov., paratype from Ubagandara (SMNH). Scale bars: 2.0 mm.

Figs 504–521. Raveniola spp., ♀♀, spermathecae, dorsal views. 504–508. R. hirta sp. nov., paratypes (SMNH). 509. R. ignobilis sp. nov., paratype (SMNH). 510. R. karategensis sp. nov., holotype (SMNH). 511–512. R. karategensis, paratypes (ZISP). 513–514. R. ornata sp. nov., paratypes from Ganjina (SMNH). 515–516. R. ornata, paratypes from Sanglok (SMNH). 517–519. R. ornatula sp. nov., paratypes (SMNH). 520–521. R. pamira sp. nov., paratypes (SMNH). Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figs 575–583. Raveniola spp., ♂♂ (575, 577, 581) and ♀♀ (576, 578–580, 582–583); holotypes (575– 577, 581) and paratypes (578–580, 582–583). Spinnerets (575–579, 581–582) and entire abdomen (580, 583), ventral (575–576, 579–580, 582–583) and lateral (577–578, 581) views. 575. R. insolita sp. nov. (ZISP). 576. R. karategensis sp. nov. (SMNH). 577–580. R. ornata sp. nov. (SMNH). 581– 583. R. ornatula sp. nov. (SMNH). Scale bars: 1.0 mm.

Figs 487–503. Raveniola spp., ♀♀, paratypes (except 487–489), spermathecae, dorsal views. 487–488. R. redikorzevi (Spassky, 1937), Kepele (SMNH). 489. R. afghana sp. nov. (NHMD). 490. Same, holotype. 491–493. R. alajensis sp. nov., Berksu. 494. R. concolor Zonstein, 2000 (MCSN AR 19). 495–496. R. cucullata sp. nov., Shikildara (SMNH). 497. R. cucullata, Shahob (SMNH). 498– 499. R. cucullata, Sangdara (SMNH). 500–503. R. dolosa sp. nov. (SMNH). Abbreviations: isb = inner spermathecal branch; osb = outer spermathecal branch; sb = spermathecal base. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Figs 659–666. Habitats and burrows ofRaveniola karategensis sp. nov. Tajikistan, Peter I Mts, Harvikush Canyon. 659–660, 663. Burrow entrances on the woodland floor. 661–662, 664–665. Same, close-up view. 666. A female dug out from its burrow. When distantly viewed, the depicted retreat and spider are indicated with a white arrow.

Figs 675–682. Raveniola spp., habitats of R. insolita sp. nov. (675, 677), R. karategensis sp. nov. (675, 678, 679), and R. pamira sp. nov. (676, 680–682), Tajikistan. 675. Obihingou River valley, with Peter I Mts left and Darvaz Mts right. 676. Darvaz Mts, near Miyonadu Village. 677. Peter I Mts, highlands (2500–3500 m a.s.l.). 678. Same, sparse juniper forest at 1800–2300 m a.s.l. 679. Same, Harvikush Canyon (ca 1900 m a.s.l.). 680. Same, surroundings of Childara (2100 m a.s.l.). 681. Darvaz Mts, Obiviskharvi Canyon, riverside woodland at 2200 m a.s.l. 682. Same, highland alpine meadows on rocky slopes (3000–3400 m a.s.l.).

Figs 751–760. Distribution records of Raveniola spp. 751. R. alajensis sp. nov. (), R. cucullata sp. nov. () and R. dolosa sp. nov. (). 752. R. hirta sp. nov. (), R. ignobilis sp. nov. () and R. insolita sp. nov. (). 753. R. karategensis sp. nov. (), R. ornata sp. nov. () and R. ornatula sp. nov. (). 754. R. pamira sp. nov. (), R. sororcula sp. nov. () and R. diluta sp. nov. (). 755. R. fedotovi (Charitonov, 1946) (), R. pallens sp. nov. () and R. zyuzini sp. nov. (). 756. R. ferghanensis (Zonstein, 1984) () and R. kirgizica sp. nov. (). 757. R. kopetdaghensis (Fet, 1984) (). 758. R. mikhailovi Zonstein, 2021 () and R. nenilini sp. nov. (). 759. R. ovchinnikovi sp. nov. () and R. tarabaevi sp. nov. (). 760. R. virgata (Simon, 1891) (;? = the questionable type locality) and R. vulpina sp. nov. (). Country abbreviations as in Figs 747–750.