Pseudoodes vicarius ( Bates, 1873 ) Guéorguiev & Liang, 2020

Guéorguiev, Borislav & Liang, Hongbin, 2020, Revision of the Palaearctic and Oriental representatives of Lachnocrepis LeConte and Oodes Bonelli (Coleoptera: Carabidae), with special account on Chinese species, Zootaxa 4850 (1), pp. 1-89 : 16-21

3. Pseudoodes vicarius ( Bates, 1873) , comb. n.

( Figs 4 A–G, Figs 5 A–D, Table 2)

Oödes vicarius Bates, 1873: 254 (type locality: ‘Hiogo’).

References.

Oodes vicarius: Chaudoir 1882: 361 (taxonomic notes); Andrewes 1930: 239 (‘ Japan.’); Habu & Baba 1960: 33 (comparison with O. echigonus ); Allen 1973: 32 (Arkansas Insect Collection); Lorenz 1998: 305; Bousquet 2003: 445; Lorenz 2005: 326; Hasegawa et al. 2015: 23 ( Japan, Aichi Prefecture); Bousquet 2017: 636.

Oodes (Oodes) vicarius: Jakobson 1906: 310 (distribution); Csiki 1931: 1011 (‘Japan’); Habu 1956: 79–80 (identification keys), 85–87 (redescription); Habu 1958: 194 (distribution in Japan).

Type material. Oodes vicarius Bates : 1♂, 3♀♀ syntypes preserved in MNHN (ex-coll. H.W. Bates), labelled as follows, ♂: ‘Hiogo Japan [w, h; by H.W. Bates] // Oodes vicarius Bates [w, h; by H.W. Bates] // Ex-Musaeo H.W. Bates 1892 [w, p]’; 1♀: ‘HIOGO [w, p] // Ex-Musaeo H.W. Bates 1892 [w, p.]’; 2♀♀: ‘ Japan [w, h] // Ex-Musaeo H.W. Bates 1892 [w, p]’; ( MNHN, box ‘Magasins Chaudoir nr. 77 Anatrichis Oodiellus Systolocran. Polychaetus Oodes ’). Since no specimens were borrowed for examination after the visit of BG in MNHN, the lectotype designation for O. vicarius will be made in a future publication.

Incorrectly designated type material. Oodes vicarius Bates : 1♂, designated as holotype, ‘Type H.T. [white rounded label with red band, p] // Kioto. 2.VII.–4.VII.81. [w, p] // Japan. G. Lewis. 1910–320. [w, p] // Oodes vicarius Bates [w, h]’ (BMNH); 1♂, designated as paratype, ‘ Japan. G. Lewis. 1910–320. [w, p] // Co-type [white label with green band, p] // Ex coll. Brit. Mus [w, p] // O. vicarius B. [w, h] // H.E.Andrewes Coll. B.M.1945–97. [w, p]’ (BMNH).

Andrewes (1919: 196–197) stated that “ The types of the “new genera and species of Geodephagous Coleoptera from China [sic: the correct word is Japan, not China]” described by Bates in Trans. Ent. Soc. London 1873 are not in the British Museum”. The study of the labels of the last specimens collected by Georges Lewis showed that: (1) one of them was collected in 1881, while the description was published in 1873; (2) the locality does not match the type locality indicated in Bates (1873).

Topotype material. JAPAN: Hyôgo Prefecture: 1♂, ‘Fukuzumi Hyogo Japan 11. IX. 1994 N. Ito leg.’ ( NMNHS).

Other material examined. JAPAN: Ishikawa Prefecture: 1♂, 3♀♀, ‘Tomurobessyo [Tomurobessho] Kanazawashi Ishikawa pref. // 20–VIII–2006 N. Ueda leg.’( NMNHS). Saitama Prefecture: 1♂, 1♀, ‘Yagyi [=Yagyû], Rishima Saitama’ ( MNHN, box ‘Museum National Collection Negre Harpalidae (Magasin) ’). Chiba Prefecture: 3♂♂, 2♀♀, ‘Ojyaga-ike Chiba Pref. 16.V.2016 S. Morita leg.’ ( NMNHS). Kyoto Prefecture: 1♂, ‘Japan, Kyoto 25.IX.1908 leg. H. Sauter’ ( NMNHS).

Additional material seen (precise data were not taken). Thirteen specimens from Japan (MFNB, box nr. Oodini I).

TME: 32 specimens. TGE: 2♂♂, 1♀.

Diagnosis. Morphologically very close to P. cribristernis in a set of external and genitalia characters, but differentiated by its: (1) mentum tooth emarginate apically; (2) prosternal process rounded; (3) metepisternum with lateral margin slightly convex; its coadunation with epipleuron located more medially; (4) apical lamella of median lobe stouter and bent to left; (5) apical gonocoxite subelongate, with nematiform setae closer to apex; and (6) spermathecal gland attached to receptaculum medially. Differs from P. subcoriaceus in its smaller size, less than 14.5 mm.

Description. Habitus. Specimens of middle to large size (BL: 12.8–14.2 mm, BW: 5.0– 5.6 mm), with subelongate and subconvex body ( Figs 4A, C ). Ratios and measurements. See Table 2. Color and luster. Body black, appendages piceous. Integument less shiny dorsally than in P. cribristernis , without iridescence. Punctuation. Dorsal surface without punctuation; prosternum and metasternum at sides, mesoepisternum and metepisternum more densely and strongly punctate than proepisternum; abdominal ventrites as in P. cribristernis . Head. About half as wide as pronotum ( Table 2). Mentum tooth more or less emarginate at apex, with distinct paramedial border ( Figs 4D, E ). Thorax. Pronotum with sides slightly rounded toward posterior angles (PW/PB: 1.05–1.09); maximum width in posterior third; laterobasal impressions indistinct; base feebly sinuate; anterior angles rounded, slightly projected. Prosternum with median longitudinal sulcus indistinct; prosternal process ovate, with apex rounded ( Fig. 4F ). Metepisternum longer than wide (MA/MM: 0.94–0.96), with lateral margin straight to slightly convex, coadunation with epipleuron short, located in anterior half, more medially than in P. cribristernis ( Fig. 4G ). Elytra. Apical sinuation weaker than in P. cribristernis . Basal margin distinct laterally, forming a small denticle at shoulder, disappearing medially at level between striae 2 and 3. Parascutellar striola distinct, punctate, less impressed than other striae; striae punctate at least anteriorly (contrary to P. cribristernis ). Intervals 1–7 flat to subconvex, interval 8 more convex than others. Legs. Metacoxal basal sulcus reaching lateral fourth. Male mesotibia slightly dilated, with a swelling in apical two-thirds. Protarsomeres 1–3 of male ( Fig. 4B ) moderately dilated, with second tarsomere wider than long (W/Lp2: 1.17–1.24). Male genitalia. Median lobe ( Figs 5A, B ) with basal bulb short, wide; angle between basal bulb and shaft obtuse; shaft long, swollen proximally; apex short, curved ventrally; apical lamella short, rounded, with right margin curved to left. Female genitalia. Basal gonocoxite with four or five lateroapical setae. Apical gonocoxite elongate, with two large dorsolateral ensiform setae, dorsomedial ensiform seta near base, and nematiform setae at apex ( Fig. 5C ). Bursa copulatrix with a dorsal sclerite smaller than in P. cribristernis ( Fig. 5D ); spermatheca moderately long, well differentiated, with receptaculum twisted apically; spermathecal gland connected near apical fifth of seminal canal.

Distribution. Palaearctic Region: Japan (Honshu, Kyushu).

Bionomics. According to Habu (1956), the species is not abundant and found near the margin of ponds, but not near paddy fields. Seiji Morita stated (pers. comm.): “In Japan both species [ O. echigonus and O. vicarius ] live in the margin of ponds, not rivers, so rather rare.”.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Pseudoodes vicarius Bates, 1873 (A–B: male specimen, Japan, Chiba Pref., Ojyaga-ike; C: female specimen, same locality; D–G: female specimen, Japan, Ishikawa Pref., Tomurobessho). A, C: habitus; B: right protarsomeres; D: labium, with emphasis to mentum; E: labium, with emphasis to submentum (white spots show locations of submental setiferous punctures); F: prosternal process; G: right metepisternum and metacoxa (arrow shows lateral end of metacoxal basal sulcus). Scale lines = 2 mm (Figs A, C); = 1 mm (Figs B, G); = 0.5 mm (Figs D–F).

FIGURE 5. Pseudoodes vicarius Bates, 1873 (A–B: topotype male specimen, Japan, Hyogo Pref., Fukuzumi; C–D: female specimen, Japan, Ishikawa Pref., Tomurobessho). A: median lobe of aedeagus, left lateral view; B: same, anterior dorsal view; C: left gonocoxite, ventral view; D: spermathecal complex and gonocoxites, ventral view. Scale lines = 0.5 mm (Figs A–B, D); = 0.2 mm (Fig. C).