Pristaulacus anijimensis, Watanabe, Kyohei, Konishi, Kazuhiko & Turrisi, Giuseppe Fabrizio, 2013

Watanabe, Kyohei, Konishi, Kazuhiko & Turrisi, Giuseppe Fabrizio, 2013, Diversity of Aulacidae (Hymenoptera: Evanioidea) in the oceanic Ogasawara Islands (Japan), with description of a new species from Anijima Island, Zootaxa 3736 (2), pp. 187-197 : 189-193

Pristaulacus anijimensis sp. nov.

( Figs. 1–21 )

[Japanese name: Anijima-sedaka-yasebachi]

Description. holotype female. Body length: 14.5 mm; antenna length: 9.0 mm; fore wing length: 11.5 mm; ovipositor length: 20.0 mm.

Colour ( Figs. 1 , 3, 4 ). Body mainly black; wings hyaline, slightly tinged with brownish-yellow; veins and stigma black with blue metallic hue; fore wing with a subquadrate dark brown spot below stigma; apical parts of fore and mid femora brownish-yellow; fore and mid tibiae including spurs brownish-yellow; fore tarsus brownish yellow basally. Setae: whitish, partly gold on mandible.

Head 1.2 times as long as wide, weakly shiny to dull, polished punctured; frons with coarse, deep and dense punctures (distance between punctures 0.3–1.8 times puncture diameter); malar area rugulose-punctate; vertex, temple and occiput with fine to coarse, superficial and sparse to rather dense punctures (distance between punctures 1.0–3.0 times puncture diameter);occipital margin weakly concave ( Fig. 6 ); occipital carina narrow, 0.2–0.3 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus ( Fig. 6 ) temple moderately developed, rounded, 0.5 times as long as width of eye in dorsal view ( Figs. 5, 6 ); POL 1.3 times as long as OOL; minimum length of malar area 1.0 times as long as A1 length; mandible punctate basally, with four apical teeth, two basal teeth obtuse ( Fig. 5 ); antenna 0.8 times as long as length of fore wing; A3 3.4 times as long as wide; A4 4.8 times as long as maximum depth, and 1.4 times as long as length of A3 ( Fig. 9 ); A5 5.2 times as long as wide, and 1.5 times as long as A3 ( Fig. 9 ). Setae semi-erect to erect, short to long and dense; length of setae on temple 0.7–0.8 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus.

Mesosoma coarsely sculptured; pronotum areolate-rugose, without tooth-like process on lateroventral margin, above side of propleuron ( Fig. 10 ); propleuron polished and shiny with coarse, deep and dense punctures, with smooth area on posterior part of ventral surface; mesoscutum mostly transverse-carinate, areolate-rugose along transscutal fissure, anterior margin concave medially in dorsal view, and weakly prominent and angulate in lateral view ( Fig. 1 ); notauli deep; scutellum mostly weakly transverse-carinate, polished in middle; mesopleuron convex, areolate-rugose except on upper part; mesosternum polished with fine and sparse punctures; metanotum polished, with minute punctures; metapleuron areolate-rugose; anterior margin of propodeum longitudinally carinate; posterior surface of propodeum without tooth-like process; remaining part of mesosoma areolate-rugose, transverse-carinate; fore wing ( Fig. 3 ) with vein 2 SR+M 0.5 times as long as vein m-cu- 1, with SC+R longer than 1- SR and vein r as long as maximum width of stigma or slightly shorter; hind wing ( Fig. 4 ) with vein M+CU pigmented beyond junction of veins 1 r-m and 2- M; fore coxa polished-punctate, slightly transverse-carinulate on base; mid coxa polished-punctate, transverse-carinulate on outer part; hind coxa polished-punctate, largely transverse-carinulate dorsally ( Fig. 11 ); ventral part of hind coxa roundly convex posteriorly in lateral view ( Fig. 12 ) and inner margin roundly notched near convexity ( Fig. 13 ); anterior spur of mid and hind tibiae slightly shorter than posterior spur; hind basitarsus 16.6 times longer than wide and 1.3 times as long as tarsomeres 2–5 ( Fig. 14 ); tarsal claw pectinate, with four tooth-like processes (basal one small and more or less indistinct) ( Fig. 15 ). Setae erect, short and dense on dorsal surface, slightly longer and denser on propodeum, semi-erect to erect, short and dense on lateral and ventral parts of mesosoma, erect, long and dense on hind surface of propodeum and propleuron.

Metasoma pyriform in lateral view ( Fig. 1 ), slightly compressed laterally; petiole (metasomal segments 1-2) elongate and slender, 2.7 times as long as maximum width; T1 and T2 mostly polished, shiny and smooth, except for median part of T2 with fine, superficial and sparse punctures; T3-T7 polished-punctate, with very fine, superficial and dense punctures, except for lateral part of each tergite; ovipositor 1.7 times as long as length of fore wing, and 4.4 times as long as length of hind tibia ( Fig. 1 ). Posterior part of T2, T3-T7 with short, dense and recumbent setae; S2-S6 with short, sparse and recumbent setae; S7 with semi-erect, short and dense setae. ( Figs. 1 , 16 ).

Male ( Fig. 2 ). Body length 11.5 mm. Fore wing length: 9.0 mm. Similar to female. A3 2.8 times as long as wide; A4 4.1 times as long as wide, and 1.6 times as long as length of A3; A5 4.4 times as long as wide, and 1.6 times as long as A3; dorsal surface of hind coxa weakly transverse-carinulate; hind basitarsus 1.2 times as long as tarsomeres 2–5; petiole 3.3 times as long as wide; T2 largely smooth including posterior margin; subgenital plate with a short apodema sternalis, anterior margin rounded laterally, slightly concave medially, its median part with scale-like sculpture ( Fig. 17 ); apex of paramere acute, cuspis wide and curved, digitus wide with lower apex narrow and long ( Figs. 18, 19, 21 ); aedeagus almost straight, its penis valve 2.8 times as long as basal apodeme ( Fig. 20 ), its apex sharply produced in dorsal and ventral views ( Figs. 18, 19 ).

Variability. The colouration and the colour pattern are almost constant. The variation of some morphometric measures are indicated in the following.

Female. Body length: 11.5–15.0 mm; antenna length: 8.0–9.0 mm; POL 1.1-1.3 times as long as OOL; A3 3.3– 3.5 times as long as wide; A4 4.7–4.9 times as long as wide; A5 5.0–5.5 times as long as wide; fore wing length: 10.0– 12.5 mm; fore wing with vein 2SR+M 0.2–0.5 times as long as vein m-cu-1; hind basitarsus 1.3–1.4 times as long as tarsomeres 2–5; petiole (metasomal segments 1–2) elongate and slender, 2.7 times as long as maximum width ovipositor length: 15.0– 24.5 mm, 1.5–1.9 times as long as length of fore wing, and 3.8–4.9 times as long as length of hind tibia. Male. Body length: 10.0– 11.5 mm; A3 2.7–3.1 times as long as wide; A4 4.1–4.4 times as long as wide, and 1.6–1.8 times as long as length of A3; A5 4.2–4.7 times as long as wide, and 1.6–1.8 times as long as A3; fore wing length: 7.5–9.0 mm; hind basitarsus 1.1–1.2 times as long as tarsomeres 2–5; petiole 3.2–3.6 times as long as wide.

Male. Body length: 10.0– 11.5 mm; A3 2.7–3.1 times as long as wide; A4 4.1–4.4 times as long as wide, and 1.6–1.8 times as long as length of A3; A5 4.2–4.7 times as long as wide, and 1.6–1.8 times as long as A3; fore wing length: 7.5–9.0 mm; hind basitarsus 1.1–1.2 times as long as tarsomeres 2–5; petiole 3.2–3.6 times as long as wide.

Material examined. JAPAN, Tokyo, Ogasawara Islands. [Anijima Island] (Holotype) female, 18. viii. 2010, Malaise trap by Japan Forest Technology Association (JFTA) (KPMNH) (KPM-NK5001125); (Paratypes) 6 females, same data of holotype (KPMNH) (KPM-NK5001126–KPM-NK5001131); 2 females, 14. ix. 2009, Malaise trap by JFTA (KPMNH) (KPM-NK5001132–KPM-NK5001133); 8 females and 7 males, no data of month and day, 2010, Malaise trap by JFTA (3 females and 3 males in KPMNH; 3 females and 2 males in NIAES; 2 females and 2 males in UCTC) (KPM-NK5001134–KPM-NK5001139).

Distribution. JAPAN (Ogasawara Islands: Anijima Island).

Biology. Unknown.

Remarks. This species can easily be distinguished from P. boninensis by the occiput without concavity (with deep concavity in boninensis ) and the black hind tarsus (yellow in boninensis ). The most similar species is P. rufipilosus , due to the following commonly shared features: 1) frons having a distinctive punctuation with the rest of the head, coarse, deep and dense; 2) lateroventral margin of pronotum regularly rounded without tooth-like processes; 3) tarsal claw pectinate, with four tooth-like processes; 4) ovipositor long more than 1.5 times than fore wing length. The new species can be easily distinguished from P. rufipilosus for several features reported in Table 1 .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Pristaulacus anijimensis sp. nov. (paratype female), lateral view.

FIGURES 2 – 4. Pristaulacus anijimensis sp. nov. (2, paratype male; 3, 4, paratype female) ― 2, lateral habitus; 3, fore wing; 4, hind wing.

FIGURES 5 – 16. Pristaulacus anijimensis sp. nov. (holotype, female). 5 – 7, head, frontal (5), dorsal (6) and lateral (7) view; 8, outer aspect of mandible; 9, antenna, lateral view; 10, pronotum, lateral view; 11 – 13, hind coxa, dorsal (11), lateral (12) and ventral (13) view; 14, hind tarsus lateral view; 15, outer aspect of anterior tarsal claw, lateral view; 16, apex of ovipositor, lateral view.

FIGURES 17 – 21. Pristaulacus anijimensis sp. nov. (paratype male). 17, subgenital plate, ventral view; 18, 19, genital capsule, dorsal (18) and ventral (19) view; 20, left aedeagus, lateral view; 21, right paramere and volsella, mesal view.