Praocis (Praocis) rufipes Eschscholtz, 1829

Flores, Gustavo E. & Pizarro-Araya, Jaime, 2012, Systematic revision of the South American genus Praocis Eschscholtz, 1829 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae). Part 1: Introduction and subgenus Praocis s. str., Zootaxa 3336, pp. 1-35 : 15-16

Praocis (Praocis) rufipes Eschscholtz, 1829

( Figs. 6 − 7 , 28 )

Praocis rufipes Eschscholtz, 1829: 6 ; Guérin-Méneville, 1831: pl. 4 Fig. 1 ; Guérin-Méneville, 1834: pl. 105; Dejean, 1834: 180 (cat.); Dejean, 1836: 200 (cat.); Guérin-Méneville, 1838: 92; Laporte, 1840: 187; Solier, 1840: 221 (rev.); Curtis, 1845: 457; Solier, 1851: 186 (rev.); Lacordaire, 1859: 213; Gemminger & Harold, 1870: 1906 (cat.); Philippi, 1887: 732 (cat.); Gebien, 1910: 261 (cat.); Gebien, 1938: 398 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1945: 523 (cat.); Kulzer, 1958: 14 (rev.); Peña, 1966: 428 (cat.); Vidal & Guerrero, 2007: 73, 215; Flores, 2007: 416 (lectot.).

Sternodes mannerheimii Fischer, 1844: 125 (male); Motschulsky, 1845: 63 (syn.); Lacordaire, 1859: 214; Gemminger & Harold, 1870: 1906 (cat.); Philippi, 1887: 732 (cat.); Gebien, 1910: 261 (cat.); Gebien, 1938: 398 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1945: 523 (cat.); Kulzer, 1958: 14 (rev.); Peña, 1966: 429 (cat.). Synonymy by Motschulsky, 1845: 63.

Praocis interrupta Solier, 1851: 187 ; Lacordaire, 1859: 213; Gemminger & Harold, 1870: 1905 (cat.); Philippi, 1887: 732 (cat.); Gebien, 1910: 260 (cat.); Gebien, 1938: 398 (cat.); Blackwelder, 1945: 523 (cat.); Kulzer, 1958: 14 (syn.); Peña, 1966: 429 (cat.). Synonymy by Kulzer, 1958: 14.

Redescription. Length 5.0–9.0 mm. Body black to dark brown, antennae and legs dark brown. Head. Clypeus and frons with round punctures each with a central seta; antennae reaching midpoint of lateral margin of pronotum; antennomere 9 wider than long, with apical tomentose sensory patches arranged in two areas close dorsally; antennomere 10 wider than antennomere 11. Thorax. Pronotum widest behind midpoint; disc and lateral quarters with fine golden setae; punctures of disc same size as punctures of elytron; width of anterior margin exceeding half the width of posterior margin; lateral quarters convex, dorsal surface of lateral margin bearing a tuft of long golden setae; posterior angles right, apex rounded; prosternum horizontal, with edge on anterior margin broadened below gula; prosternal process subrectangular forming a right angle, not produced backwards (as in Fig. 12 ); prosternum and mesosternum with protuberances. Elytron lacking carinae, with three grooves bearing short, broad, golden, scaly setae, intervals arched, wider than grooves; dorsal surface with short golden setae; the inner groove runs from apex of elytron surpassing the midpoint of elytron towards anterior, converging at the apex with the inner groove of the other elytron, the medial groove runs from apex of elytron reaching the base towards anterior, sometimes interrupted, the outer groove runs over lateral margin from apex of elytron reaching the base towards anterior; pseudopleuron with long setae arising on protuberances; epipleuron with short setae arising on protuberances, bearing a row of setae on the edge of anterior quarter. Legs. Ventral surface of meso– and metafemora with a row of setae on posterior edge. Inner surface of meso– and metatibiae with long, fine setae. Metatibiae curved outward. Male genitalia. Rods of sterna IX close to each other at basal third. Basal lamina of tegmen equal width throughout, with base concave. Lateral styles of tegmen with proximal margin ventrally concave, widest at base, with setae on distal 1/5 of ventral surface ( Fig. 7 ). Median lobe moderate (0.75 <L/T ≤ 1.00), equal width throughout, with apical aperture small and apex acute ( Fig. 6 ). Female genitalia. Paraprocts long (2.0 <P/C ≤ 3.0); baculi of coxite horizontal; proctigeral baculus equal to length of paraproct baculus; apicodorsal lobe of proctiger extending about ¼ length of coxite.

Type material. Lectotype of Praocis rufipes : [Type] [14895] [Hist.-Coll. ( Coleoptera )/ Nr. 14895/ Praocis rufipes Eschsch. / Chili, Eschsch. & V./ Chamisso/ Zool. Mus. Berlin] [Lectotypus/ Praocis rufipes Eschsch. / Des. G. Flores 2001] ( MNHUB). Four paralectotypes same data as lectotype, except two first labels ( MNHUB) .

Note: Flores (2007: 416) designated lectotype and paralectotypes.

Other material examined. CHILE. Valparaíso Region: Valparaíso Province: Concón , 28.ix.1968, M. Pino, 1 ( UCCC), Valparaíso , 14-VIII-1933, C. Reed, 1 ( MACN), Puchuncaví, Cau Cau , 18 m, 32º 42´36.10´´ S, 71º 29´43.13´´ W, 6–13.i.2012, S. & M. Roig & M. Criach 1 ( IADIZA), Las Ventanas , xi.1967, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH), 1 ( IADIZA), Quintero , 16.xi.1957, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), 12.xii.1980, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH), Quinteros a Maitencillo , 29.iii.1945, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), Algarrobo , 26.iii.1945, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), 24.xi.1950, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), viii–ix.1958, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH), Quintay , 11.viii.1968, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), Tunquén , 6–15.vi.1960, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH), Horcones , 19.ii.1963, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH), El Peral , 21.x.1946, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH), El Convento , 1.xi.1946, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH). San Antonio Province: Santo Domingo, xi. 1965, 1 ( LEULS), 7 ( IADIZA). Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region: Cardenal Caro Province : Pichilemú , 13.x.1967, L.E. Peña, 2 ( FMNH). Maule Region: Cauquenes Province : Tregualemú , ii.1968, H. Moyano, 1 ( UCCC), Chovelén , 5.xi.1953, L.E. Peña, 1 ( FMNH). Talca Province: Constitución , 26.xi.1953, L.E. Peña, 7 ( IADIZA), 1 ( LEULS), i.1982, 2 ( FMNH). Cardenal Caro Province, Bucalemú , 24-I-2001, T. Moore, 7 ( JEBC). Bio Bío Region: Concepción Province : Coronel , 27.xi.1960, J. Artigas, 1 ( UCCC), Escuadrón, 7.ix.1965, Méndez , 1 ( UCCC), San Pedro de la Paz , boca sur (dunas), 14.x.2000, A. Palma, 1 ( IADIZA), 2 ( LEULS), 2.ix.2002, J. Pizarro-Araya, 1 ( LEULS), Arauco , XII-1960, A. Baier, 2 ( MACN), 16.xii.1985, S. Roig, 4 ( IADIZA), SW Quirihue , 4.xii.2003, M. Snizek, 1 ( IADIZA); without more precise data: 2 ( RBINS) .

Geographic distribution. Chile (Valparaíso Region, Valparaíso Province to Bio Bío Region: Concepción Province), in the Santiago and Maule biogeographic provinces.

Figures

FIGURE 28. Geographical distribution of four species of Praocis (Praocis): P. (P.) marginata, P. (P.) rufipes, P. (P.) spinolai, and P. (P.) subaenea.

FIGURES 5 − 14. Male and female genitalia and body details of Praocis (Praocis) species. 5. Fore tibia and tarsus in anterior view of Praocis (P.) sanquinolenta. 6 − 9: Male: 6, 7. P. (P.) rufipes, dorsal and ventral views; 8, 9. P. (P.) elliptica, dorsal and ventral views. Abbreviations: bl, basal lamina of tegmen, ls, lateral styles of tegmen, ml, median lobe. 10. Ovipositor (ventral view), spiculum and internal female reproductive tract of P. (P.) hirtella. Abbreviations: c, coxite, o, oviduct, p, paraproct, s, spermatheca, sag, spermathecal accessory gland, sp, spiculum, v, vagina. 11 – 14. Prosternum and mesosternun, lateral aspect. 11. P. (P.) costata; 12. P. (P.) quadrisulcata; 13. P. (P.) elliptica; 14. P. (P.) marginata. Abbreviations: p, prosternum, m, mesosternum. Scale bars: 1 mm.

FIGURES 1 − 4. Scanning electron micrographs of body details of Praocis (Praocis) species. 1. Praocis (P.) subaenea, head in dorsal view. 2. P. (P.) bicentenario sp. nov., antennomeres 9 – 11 in dorsal view. 3. P. (P.) spinolai, lateral margin of pronotum in dorsal view. 4. P. (P.) spinolai, scaly setae of elytron into a groove.