Polygonatum arisanense Hayata var. formosanum (Hayata) C. T. Chao & Y. H. Tseng, 2019

Chien-Ti, Chao & Yen-Hsueh, Tseng, 2019, Revision of Polygonatum (Asparagaceae, Nolinoideae, Polygonateae) of Taiwan, PhytoKeys 117, pp. 99-118 : 109-110

3. Polygonatum arisanense Hayata var. formosanum (Hayata) C. T. Chao & Y. H. Tseng comb. nov. Fig. 8 大屯黃精

Polygonatum officinale All. var. formosanum Hayata, Icones Plantarum Formosanarum. 9:140. 1920. Type: Taipei City, Taiton (Mt. Tatunshan), ad 1500 metra, U. Faurie 544 (holotype: KYO!).

Polygonatum formosanum (Hayata) Masam. & Simada, Short Flora of Formosa 271. 1936.

Polygonatum daitonense T. S. Liu & S. S. Ying nom. nud.

Perennial herbs.

Rhizome tuberous. Stem straight to arching, 30-80 cm long, green or purplish, glabrous, covered with scale leaf at the base, caducous. Leaves deciduous, alternate, thick chartaceous to coriaceous, ovate to lanceolate ovate 3-multiple nerved, apex attenuate, base obtuse, 8.0-10.5 cm long, 3.5-5.5 cm wide, sessile or short-petioled, ca. 3 mm long, often purplish. Inflorescences axillary, solitary to umbels with 3-5 flowers, peduncle subequal to pedicels, 1.5-2.0 cm long, articulated close to the flower, bracteoles very minutely, caducous. Flowers pendulous, perianth tube, 2.5-3.5 cm long, 0.5-1.0 cm wide, slight flattened at base, white with green strips, perianth segments 6, arranged into 2 whorls, each 3, 5.5-8.0 mm long, 5.5-8.0 mm wide, green with dark green strip, ovate to triangle, apex obtuse, floccose. Stamens 6, filaments slender, base expansion and inflated, papillose or short cottony, inserted at middle of perianth tube, ca. 5 mm long, anthers 1.5-2.0 mm long, 2-loculed, introrse and longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary superior, 3-loculed, ovate to oblong, covered with white powder, 3.5-4.0 mm long, ca. 3 mm in diam., style filiform, ca. 1.5 cm long, stigma entire, pubescent. Fruit berry, purplish black. 2n=22.

Endemic.

Only know from Yangmingshan national park, northern Taiwan (Fig. 5 ).

Specimen examined.

Taipei city: Mt. Tatunshan, 26 Apr 1931, S. Sasaki 19 (TAI); same loc., 10 May 1936, H. Simada 1292 (TAI); same loc., 10 Apr 1981, Y. F. Chen 2025 (TAI); same loc., 8 May 2010, C. T. Chao 1416 (TCF); same loc., 1 May 2016, C. T. Chao 4105 (TCF); Tsaoshan to Chutzihu, 1931, Tanaka 1250 (TAI); Shiaokuangyingshan, 11 Apr 1937, H. Simada 1287 (TAI); same loc., 22 Apr 1937, H. Simada 1289 (TAI); Mt. Chihsingshan, 30 Jun 1937, H. Simada 1369 (TAI); same loc., 1 Nov 1968, M. Mizushima et C. C. Hsu 5082 (TAI); same loc., 14 Apr 1983, K. C. Yang 1367 (TAI); same loc., 25 Apr 1985, T. C. Wan & K. C. Yang 2004 (TAI); Chunghsing Farm. 4 Apr 1988, T. C. Huang 13452 (TAI); Chutzuhu, 500 m, 24 Mar 1972, J. W. Tsai 88 (TAIF); Hsiantienhu, 800 m, 16 Sep 1985, S. Y. Lu 16890 (TAIF); Tsaikungkengshan, 850 m, 19 Aug 2001, P. F. Lu 1123 (TAIF); same loc., 26 Oct 2002, S. W. Chung 5943 (TAIF); same loc., 1 Apr 2006, P. F. Lu 11560 (HAST); same loc., 850 m, 14 Jul 1996, S. C. Wu et al. 877 (TNM, TNU); Yangmingshan, 700-800 m, 4 Apr 2008, P. F. Lu 15623 (HAST); Chungchengshan to Tatunnanfeng, 600-900 m, 3 Apr 1998, C. M. Wang 3005 (HAST, TNM); Palaka highway, close to Hsiaoyukeng, 700-800 m, 24 Feb 1997, S. M. Kuo & H. M. Shih 79 (TNU); on the top of Mt. Chihsing, 900-1000 m, 28 Apr 1997, S. M. Kuo & Y. C. Chen 81 (TNU); the path to Tsaikungkengshan, 700-800 m, 30 Mar 2007, Y. C. Huang 546 (TNU);

Figures

Figure 5. Distribution map of Polygonatum arisanense var. formosanum.

Figure 8. Polygonatum arisanense var. formosanum. A habit B rhizome C leaf adaxial surface D leaf abaxial surface E inflorescences F flower G expanded perianth with stamens.