Polydrusus (Conocetus) marcidus Kiesenwetter, 1864

Christoph Germann, 2018, A review of Conocetus Desbrochers des Loges, 1875, subgenus of Polydrusus Germar, 1817 (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Entiminae), European Journal of Taxonomy 392, pp. 1-39 : 28-31

Polydrusus (Conocetus) marcidus Kiesenwetter, 1864

Figs 4C–D , 8C , 9M , 10

Material examined

Type material

Two syntypes of Polydrusus marcidus Kiesenwetter, 1864 , where the first one is selected as lectotype:

GREECE: 1 ♀, Taygetos // [red label:] Lectotype Polydrusus (Conocetus) marcidus Kiesenwetter, 1864 labelled C. Germann 2016 (ZSM); 1 ♀, [without label, but mounted in exactly the same way as the other specimen, with new label printed on red paper:] Paralectotype Polydrusus (Conocetus) marcidus Kiesenwetter, 1864 labelled C. Germann 2016 (ZSM). The locality is handwritten, supposedly by Kiesenwetter himself.The exact locality was not indicated in the original description; Kiesenwetter (1864: 254) wrote very generally as usual at that time: “Aus Griechenland (Krüper)…” [from Greece (Krüper)]. He furthermore mentioned: “…von Kraatz mitgetheilt [reported by Kraatz].” However, the chosen lectotype and paralectotype, which were the only specimens pinned under the species’ name in the collection of Ernst August Hellmuth von Kiesenwetter (in ZSM), fit perfectly the author’s description and it is very likely that the author based his description on them. Kiesenwetter probably bought them from Theobald Krüper, who was known to sell insects from Greece from 1859 ( Horn et al. 1990), then labelled them himself.

Four syntypes of Polydrusus gracilis ( Stierlin, 1888) where the lectotype and three paralectotypes are selected in accordance with the description by Stierlin (1888b):

GREECE: 2 ♀♀ [on the same pin, the upper one is selected here as lectotype], gracilis Strl Graecia Zeiller [unknown handwriting] // Db. // gracilis ♀♂ // ♀ [both are females] (collection L. von Heyden, SDEI); 1 ♀, Db. // gracilis // ♀ // Sch. (ditto); 1 ♀, gracilicornis Ksw. Creta Rei…[illegible] // 75 // Db. // gracilis // ♀ Sch.(ditto). // [red label:] Lectotype/Paralectotypes Polydrusus (Conocetus) gracilis ( Stierlin, 1888) (= marcidus Kiesenwetter, 1864 ) labelled C. Germann 2016. The lectotype and all syntypes belong to P. marcidus ; therefore the synonymy of P. gracilis with P. marcidus can be approved here.

Type locality

GREECE: Peloponnese, Taygetos.

Other material examined

ALBANIA: 1 ♀, Tepelenë Pass N Buz, 900 m, 10 Jul. 2010, leg. H. Mühle 55 (cCG).

BULGARIA: 1 ♀, near Ju Rodopi, Jez Kŭrdzhali, 9 Aug. 1986, leg. R. Borovec (cRB); 1 ♀, Pirin, Sugarevo env., 700–900 m, leg. R. Borovec (cRB); 1♀, Delschewo [Delschevo], Pirin, auf Trockenwiesen [on dry meadows], 24 Jul. 1989, leg. F. Burger (SDEI).

GREECE: 26 ♀♀, Chalkidike, NE Megali Panaija, 40°25′39″ N, 23°42′45″ E, 150 m, 17 Jul. 2003, leg. Bayer (cCG, cHW, NMBE); 1 ♀, Kreta, ins. Dikti Mts, Leshiti plateau, 800 m, 5 Jun. 2001, leg. J. Voříšek (BMNH); 2 ♀♀, Ioanina, Elati, 7 Jul. 2003, C. Cocqempot leg. (cJP); 1 ♀, Crete SW, Paleochora NE, pr. Maza, 35°17′11″ N, 23°45′41″ E, 700 m, 21 May 2004, leg. Ch. Bayer (cHW); 1 ♀, Kreta, Agios Nikolao, 24 Apr. 1971, leg. W. Wittmer (NMB); 1 ♀, Katerini, Ag. Dimitrios, 800 m, 19–21 Jul. 1990, leg. Schuh and Zabransky (SDEI); 3 ♀♀, Makedonia, Chalkidike, 3 km NE of Megali Panaija, 17 Jul. 2003, leg. F. Bahr (cHW); 2 ♀♀, Agios Grangatiko [Grammatiko], Prov. Pella, SW Edessa, 31 Jul. 2009 leg. W. Ziegler (cHW); 1 ♀, Voria Pindos, Morti Trockenhang [dry slope], 25 Jun. 1997, leg. Winkelmann (cHW); 1 ♀, Pella, Asrogogia, 29 Jul. 2009, leg. W. Ziegler (cHW); 1 ♀, Kreta, Prina Kalamafka, 7 May 1999, leg. K. Liebenow (SDEI); 2 ♀♀, Korfu, Liapades, 20 Jun. 2001, leg. K. Liebenow (SDEI); 1 ♀, Korfu, Sidari, 1 Aug.1989, leg. W. Suppantschitsch (SDEI); 1 ♀, Korfu, Lipades, 30 Jul. 1989, leg. W. Suppantschitsch (SDEI); 1 ♀, Epirus, Velia, Pindos nr. Grevina, 8 Aug. 1996, leg. Barries and Cate (SDEI); 1 ♀, Samos, May 1987, leg. Zimmermann (SDEI); 1 ♀, Parnass, leg. Paganetti (NMB); 1 ♀, KR [Crete], Chania, Kuma-See, 4 Jun. 1994, leg. G. and M. Novak (SDEI); 1 ♀, Kreta, Omalos, 25 Jul. 2009, leg. M. Egger (cCG); 1 ♀, Kreta, Kera Izermiadon, 30 Jun. [19]82, leg. Bernhauer (coll. JM); 1 ♀, Thesprotia, Plataria b. Igoumenitsa, Jun. 1994, leg. J. Frank (cJM); 1 ♀, Voria, Pindos E, Grevena NW, Morfi, 25 Jun. 1997, leg. Messutat (cJM); 17 ♀♀, Kefalonia, Agios Eleftherios, 3 km NW, 38°11.482′ N, 20°35.658′ E, 670 m, on Quercus ilex and Q. coccifera , 27 Jun. 2016, leg. L. Friedman (SMNHTAU); 26 ♀♀, Kefalonia, Tzanata, Mycenean Tholos Tomb, 38°08.509′ N, 20°45.646′ E, 70 m, on Quercus ilex and Q. coccifera , 28 Jun. 2016, leg. L. Friedman (SMNHTAU); 4 ♀♀, Kefalonia, Tzanata, 1 km E, 38°08.6′ N, 20°45.953′ E, 120 m, 28 Jun. 2016, on Quercus ilex and Q. coccifera , leg. L. Friedman (SMNHTAU); 4 ♀♀, Kefalonia, SW Neochori, Kalos Mts, Demotokitos Mt, 38°19.660′ N, 20°36.674′ E, 400–600 m, on Quercus , 29 Jun. 2016, leg. L. Friedman (SMNHTAU); 4 ♀♀, Kefalonia, NW Komitata, Kalos Mts, Vathoula Mt, 38°21.484′ N, 20°35.145′ E, 640–730 m, on Quercus ilex and Q. coccifera , 29 Jun. 2016, leg. L. Friedman (SMNHTAU); 11 ♀♀, Kefalonia, Charakti, 38°10.310′ N, 20°41.359′ E, 530 m, on Quercus ilex and Q. coccifera , 28 Jun. 2016, leg. L. Friedman (SMNHTAU); 7 ♀♀, Kefalonia, Komitata, 38°21.149′ N, 20°35.863′ E, 550 m, on Quercus ilex and Q. coccifera , 29 Jun. 2016, leg. L. Friedman (SMNHTAU); 4 ♀♀, Kefalonia, Agia, Dinata Mts, 5km N Dilinata, 38°16.013′ N, 20°30.712′ E, 700 m, on Quercus ithaburensis macrolepis , 30 Jun. 2016, leg. L. Friedman (SMNHTAU).

TURKEY: 2 ♀♀, Bursa, Cagliyan env., 10–14 Jul. 1997, P. Prudek and M. Riha leg. (cHW); 2 ♀♀, Eskisehir Sakari Ilica, near Gümele, 6–9 Jul. 1997, leg. P. Prudek and M. Riha (cHW); 1 ♀, Myra, 5 May 1991, leg. B. Zbuzek (cRB); 1 ♀, Myra 5 May 1991, 150 km SW of Antalya, leg. Zd. Jindra (cRB); 1 ♀, 90 km S of Antalya, Kumluca, 22 May 1991, leg. W. Suppantschitsch (SDEI); 2 ♀♀, Ankara N, Ilgaz S, Korgun N, 18 Jul. 1996, leg. H. Winkelmann (cHW); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Kemer Prov., Antalya, 3–15 Jul. 1989, leg. H. Schmid (SDEI); 1 ♀, Kestebek, 24 Jun. 1991, Kudrna leg. (BMNH); 1 ♀, Antalya, Kemer, 31 May 1991, G. Gillerfors (SDEI); 1 ♂, Antalya, Kemer, 31 May 1991, leg. G. Gillerfors (SDEI); 1 ♂, Prov. Antalya, Beldibi, 7 Jul. 1992, leg. H. Schmid (SDEI); 1 ♂, Prov. Antalya, Kemer, 3 Jun. [19]92, leg. S. Lundberg (SDEI); 1 ♂, Antalya, Kemer, 16 Jun. 1994, leg. I. Rydh (SDEI); 1 ♂, Antalya, Kemer, 1600 m, 20 May [19]91, leg. W. Suppantschitsch (SDEI); 1 ♀, Zonduldak, Karabük, 20 km E, 22–23 Jun. 1996, leg. V. Svihla (cRB).

Remarks and variability

Polydrusus marcidus seems to reproduce parthenogenetically in the western part of the distribution area. Male specimens are presently only recorded from Turkey (Antalya). Males differ considerably from females (bigger and more stout pronotum, fore tibiae directed inwards towards apex, generally bigger in size; Fig. 4C–D ). Some females from the amphigonic populations (Antalya, Kestebek, Myra) are considerably bigger than other populations.

Ecology

Found on two occasions on dry slopes or meadows, once in Bulgaria (F. Burger) and in Greece (H. Winkelmann). From label data the following trees are mentioned: Quercus coccifera , Q. ilex and Q. ithaburensis macrolepis (by L. Friedman from Greece). Collected from April to August, at hill to (high-) montane altitudes.

Figures

Fig. 4. A–B. Habitus of Polydrusus (Conocetus) bardus Gyllenhal, 1834. A. Male from Crete, Greece. B. Female from Rhodes, Greece. — C–D. Polydrusus marcidus Kiesenwetter, 1864. C. Male from Antalya,Turkey.D.FemalefromChalkidike,Greece.—E–F.Polydrususbaudii(Faust, 1889).E.Male from Lemesos, Cyprus. F. Female from Paphos, Cyprus.

Fig. 8. A–E. Penis of Polydrusus (Conocetus) spp., dorsal and lateral views. A. P. bardus Gyllenhal, 1834, Turkey, Hatay. B. P.bardus, Iran, Lorestan. C. P. marcidus Kiesenwetter, 1864, Turkey,Antalya. D. P. baudii (Faust, 1889), Cyprus, Lemesos.

Fig. 10. Map showing records of Polydrusus (Denticonocetus) kahri Kirsch, 1865, and two species of P. (Conocetus). Those of P. kahri for France were taken from Hoffmann (1950), whereas literature records from Bosnia-Hercegovina, Macedonia and Montenegro, not verified by specimens examined, were not included (map copyright: Google).

Fig.9.A–C.InternalsacofPolydrusus(Denticonocetus)kahriKirsch,1865.A.Italy,Sicilia.B.Croatia, Istria. C. Italy, Monte Baldo. D–P. Internal sac, dorsal and lateral views of: D. P. (Conocetus) festae (F. Solari, 1925), Greece, Samos. E. P. stierlini (Schilsky, 1910), Greece, Poligiros. F. P. rhodiacus (Schilsky, 1912), Cyprus, Dionios. G. P. crinipes sp. nov., Greece, Corfu. H. P. angustus (Lucas, 1854), Greece, Crete. I. P. calabricus (Faust, 1890), Greece, Patra. J. Ditto, Italy, Capo Leuca. K. P. bardus Gyllenhal, 1834, Greece, Crete. L. Ditto Iran, Lorestan. M. P. marcidus Kiesenwetter, 1864,Turkey,Antalya.N. P. baudii(Faust, 1889),Cyprus.O. P.transjordanussp. nov.,Jordania,Ajlun. P. P. grandiceps (Desbrochers des Loges, 1875), lectotype, Lebanon.