Poecilimon (Poecilimon) zonatus datca, Sevgili & Şirin & Heller & Lemonnier-Darcemont, 2018

Sevgili, Hasan, Şirin, Deniz, Heller, Klaus-Gerhard & Lemonnier-Darcemont, Michèle, 2018, Review of the Poecilimon (Poecilimon) zonatus species group and description of new species from Turkey with data on bioacoustics and morphology (Orthoptera: Phaneropterinae), Zootaxa 4417 (1), pp. 1-62 : 31

Poecilimon (Poecilimon) zonatus datca ssp. n.

http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:502739

Type locality: Turkey: Muğla, Marmaris-Datça road.

Holotype: Male (in alcohol, HUZOM). Measurements (mm): Body length: 25.33, Pronotum: 5.93, Tegmina: 2.18, Hindfemora: 18.96.

Etymology: Named as datca after the Datça Peninsula, noun in apposition.

Examined materials: Turkey, Muğla: Marmaris-Datça road, N 36°47' .46'', E 28 °03'.57'', ~ 44 m, 14.05.2016, 3♂♂ (including holotype), 5♀♀ (coll. H. Sevgili) (all specimens deposited within alcohol in ODUZOOL).

Diagnosis: The new subspecies differs mainly from the nominate subspecies by having larger teeth and teeth intervals, and low number of teeth in stridulatory file of male. Compared to the nominate subspecies, the calling song of the new subspecies is easily distinguished by a smaller number impulses and typical decrescendo pattern.

Description: Male (holotype): Fastigium as wide as half of the antennal scapus, slightly narrowed frontward and faintly depressed dorsally. Pronotum slightly wider in metazona than prozona, slightly depressed at mesozona laterally; disc of pronotum with a straight frontal margin and faintly concave caudal margin ( Fig. 22G ). Pronotum slightly raised backward in profile ( Fig. 47 ). Tegmina with black longutidunal band, slightly rounded at caudal parts and extends beyond middle of first abdominal tergite. Cu2 of left tegmen roundly projecting at right margin ( Fig. 22G , 47A–B ). Hindfemur without spines. Epiproct transversely enlarged. Cerci gradually narrowing distalwards, distal 1/3–1/4 obtusely incurved and slightly tapered apically; there are two rows of denticles distally, preapical row includes 1, subapical row includes 5–6 denticles ( Fig. 23I –J ). Subgenital plate wide at proximal part, obtusely narrowed at caudal part, with slightly sinuate and almost straight caudal margin ( Fig. 10O ).

Stridulatory file: Male stridulatory file is similar to P. z. zonatus in general structure, but is distinguished by low number of teeth which are sparsely arranged and relatively larger than in P. z. zonatus ( Fig. 17D ; Table 3). Tooth morphology is clearly different from other species of the group ( Fig. 18G ).

Bioacoustics: The calling song is similar to that of P. vodnensis . In the calling songs of the only two males we have studied, the “click”-like syllable are presented in small groups which were repeated in large, irregular intervals ( Fig. 30 ). The syllables lasted about 9.4 ms and were composed of about 3–4 impulses ( Fig. 37 ). The peak frequency of the song had a maximum at about 28 kHz (see for details Table 4, Fig. 37 ).

Female: Pronotum laterally wider than in male, metazona slightly wider than prozona, strongly depressed ( Fig. 47C ). Tegmina short, slightly extending beyond posterior margin of the pronotum, fully overlapping dorsally. Subgenital plate triangular ( Fig. 12D ). Ovipositor, gonangulum and lamella as in Figs. 12D , 28G .

Remarks: The nominate species was originally described by Bolivar (1899) from Binboğa Mountains (Kahramanmaraş, Turkey). P. z. zonatus reveals a fragmented distribution in the North-South direction at high altitudes of the mountains of Anatolian diagonal and relatively high plateaus of northern part of Taurus mountains in the East-West direction. The additional faunistic records of P. z. zonatus were documented by Çıplak et al. (1996), Karabağ (1958), Mol et al. (2016), Ramme (1931), Sevgili et al. (2012b), Uvarov (1917), and Ünal (2010). Ramme (1951) identified the specimens collected by Dr. O. Schwarz from the Sandras mountain (Muğla) as P. zonatus . In this research, the samples studied by Ramme were not studied. However, it should be noted that this small population from the Datça Peninsula near the seashore and the populations outside the P. salmani that spread around the Muğla province may belong to the newly described subspecies. The new subspecies is distinguished from P. salmani , which is known to inhabit the areas of Fethiye and Dalyan and is described as a new species in this study by the differences of the shape of the apical part of male cerci, the shape of gonangulum and lamella in female and colour pattern of tergites in both sexes.

The syllable pattern of the calling song is quite similar to that of the macrosyllables of P. variicercis , but the whole song pattern of P. variicercis shows significant differences from this species (see Figs. 36–37 ).

The new subspecies was found together with some orthopterans such as Poecilimon (P.) sanctipauli , P. (H.). hamatus, Eupholidoptera sp. and Orchamus yersini davisi from type locality.

This species has not been assessed for the IUCN Red List (2017–3). The distribution of the P. zonatus datca is highly restricted and its habitats are under the threat by anthropogenic effects, such as stubble fire, over-use of pesticides in agriculture, touristic activities and grazing. For these reasons, the species should be considered with a Critically Endangered (B1ab(i, iii)) status on the basis of the extent of occurrence criteries of IUCN.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Subgenital plate of the males. A, P.tauricola; B–C, P. azizsancar sp. n.; E–G, P. variicercis; H–I, P. salmani sp. n.; J–N, P.z. zonatus; O, P.z. datca ssp. n.

FIGURE 12. Subgenital plate, gonangulum and lamella from below. A–B, P. salmani sp. n. (Dalyan); C, P. variicercis (Olur, İnceçay), D, P. zonatus datca ssp. n. (Datça), E–G, P. zonatus zonatus, H, P. tauricola (Bolkar Mts.), I, P. azizsancar sp. n. (Uzundere, Dikyar).

FIGURE 17. Stridulatory file on underside of left tegmen of males. A–C, P. zonatus zonatus (A–B, Erzincan; C, Malatya); D, P. zonatus datca; E–J, P. variicercis (E–G, Erzurum, Şenkaya; H, Erzurum, İnceçay (type locality); I, Erzurum, Uğurlu; J, Erzurum, between Olur–Oltu).

FIGURE 18. Medial teeth of stridulatory file at higher magnification. A–D, P. zonatus zonatus (A, Erzincan; B, Konya, Taşkent; C, Ermenek; D, Konya, Bozkır); E–F, P. variicercis (E, Erzurum, İnceçay (type locality); F, Erzurum, Şenkaya); G, P. zonatus datca ssp. n.; H, P.salmani sp. n.; I–J, P.vodnensis; K–L, P.salmani.

FIGURE 22. Dorsal view of pronotum. A–B, P. salmani sp. n. (male); C, P. zonatus datca ssp. n. (male); D, P. variicercis (male); E–F, P. salmani sp. n. (female); G, P. zonatus datca (male); I, P. variicercis (female); J–K, P. varicornis (male and female, not in scale).

FIGURE 23. Dorsal view of male cerci.A–H, P.z. zonatus (A, Beydağ, B–C, Bozkır, D–E, Ermenek; F, Esencik, G, Munzur); I–J, P.z. datcassp.n. (Datça)

FIGURE 28. Ovipositor shapes of PZG. A–D, P. z. zonatus (A, Erzincan; B, Malatya; C, Ermenek; D, Konya); E–F, P. variicercis; G, P.z. datcassp.n.; H, P.salmani, sp. n..

FIGURE 30. Structure of male calling songs of P. salmani sp. n., P.zonatus datca ssp. n. and P.variicercis.

FIGURE 36. The oscillograms and spectral view of the male calling songs of P. variicercis.

FIGURE 37. The oscillograms and spectral view of the male calling songs of P. zonatus datca and P.vodnensis.

FIGURE 47. Male and female habitus of Poecilimon zonatus datca ssp. n. from Datça (Muğla).A–B, males; C, female.