Trissolcus flavipes (Thomson), 1893

Talamas, Elijah J., Buffington, Matthew L. & Hoelmer, Kim, 2017, Revision of Palearctic Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 56, pp. 3-185 : 31-32

Trissolcus flavipes (Thomson) Figures 9 , 67-70

Trissolcus circus Kozlov & Lê syn. n.; http://bioguid.osu.edu/xbiod_concepts/3201; Morphbank19

Trissolcus crassus Kononova syn. n.; http://bioguid.osu.edu/xbiod_concepts/354845

Telenomus flavipes Thomson, 1860: 170 (original description).

Aphanurus Flavipes (Thomson): Kieffer, 1912: 72 (description, generic transfer).

Microphanurus flavipes (Thomson): Kieffer, 1926: 91, 96 (description, generic transfer, keyed).

Trissolcus flavipes (Thomson): Kozlov, 1968: 198, 200 (description, synonymy, lectotype designation, keyed); Voegelé, 1969: 149 (keyed);

Trissolcus circus Kozlov & Lê syn. n., 1976: 659, 666 (original description, keyed); Kozlov & Lê, 1977: 504 (keyed); Kozlov, 1978: 629 (description); Kozlov & Kononova, 1983: 86 (description); Kononova, 1995: 92 (keyed); Samin, Shojai, Ghahari & Kocak, 2010: 8 (new distribution record for Iran); Petrov, 2013: 325 (keyed).

Trissolcus crassus Kononova syn. n., 2014: 745 (original description, diagnosis).

Description.

Female body length: 1.32-1.62 mm (n=8). Body color: head and mesosoma black, metasoma black to reddish brown.

Head. Color of radicle: pale brown; yellow. Length of radicle: less than width of clypeus. Color of A1-A6 in female: A3-A4 yellow, elsewhere yellow to brown. Color of A7-A11 in female: pale brown to black. Number of basiconic sensilla on A6: 0. Number of basiconic sensilla on A7: 2. Facial striae: present as short grooves. Number of clypeal setae: 2. Microsculpture on gena directly above mandibular condyle: present. Shape of ventral gena in lateral view: narrow. Genal carina: absent. Malar striae: absent. Sculpture of malar sulcus: antero-posteriorly striate. Orbital furrow: medially delimited by ridge or carina at midpoint of eye, poorly defined or absent near intersection with malar sulcus. Macrosculpture of frons between antennal scrobe and anterior ocellus: with circular ring, ring margined dorsally by arched rugae. Preocellar pit: present. Setation of lateral frons: sparse. Punctation of lateral frons: moderately dense. Sculpture directly ventral to preocellar pit: absent. Macrosculpture of lateral frons: absent. OOL: lateral ocellus and eye without continuous scleritic separation. Hyperoccipital carina: complete. Macrosculpture of posterior vertex: absent. Microsculpture on posterior vertex along occipital carina: present. Anterior margin of occipital carina: finely crenulate to smooth.

Mesosoma. Epomial carina: present. Macrosculpture of lateral pronotum directly anterior to netrion: striate, striae formed by elongation of cells of netrion sulcus. Netrion sulcus: complete. Pronotal suprahumeral sulcus in posterior half of pronotum: clearly indicated by cells. Location of pronotal suprahumeral sulcus: percurrent. Number of episternal foveae: 4 or more. Course of episternal foveae ventrally: abutting postacetabular sulcus. Course of episternal foveae dorsally: extending to mesopleural pit. Subacropleural sulcus: present. Speculum: transversely strigose. Mesopleural pit: extending ventrally into dorsoventral furrow parallel to mesopleural carina. Mesopleural carina: well defined anteriorly, poorly defined to absent posteriorly. Sculpture of femoral depression: smooth. Patch of striae at posteroventral end of femoral depression: absent; present, striae weakly developed and perpendicular to long axis of femoral depression. Setal patch at posteroventral end of femoral depression: present. Microsculpture of anteroventral mesopleuron: present dorsally. Macrosculpture of anteroventral mesopleuron: absent. Postacetabular sulcus: formed by large cells. Mesopleural epicoxal sulcus: formed by large cells. Setation of posteroventral metapleuron: absent. Sculpture of dorsal metapleural area: smooth in anterodorsal corner, coarsely rugose posteriorly. Posterodorsal metapleural sulcus: poorly defined to absent. Paracoxal sulcus in ventral half of metapleuron: indistinguishable from sculpture to absent. Anteroventral extension of metapleuron: extending to base of mesocoxa. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: present as coarse rugae. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: indicated by a line of cells. Median mesoscutal carina: absent. Macrosculpture of mesoscutum: absent. Pattern of mesoscutal microsculpture: uniform throughout; effaced posteriorly. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: comprised of cells. Length of mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: about half the length of anterolateral edge of mesoscutum. Parapsidal line: absent. Notaulus: extending at least 1/3 length of mesoscutum. Median protuberance on anterior margin of mesoscutellum: absent; present. Protruberance on anterior margin of mesoscutellum directly posterior to notaulus: absent; present. Shape of dorsal margin of anterior lobe of axillar crescent: round. Sculpture of anterior lobe of axillar crescent: dorsoventrally strigose. Area bounded by axillar crescent: punctures visible in at least ventral half, not quite striate. Macrosculpture of mesoscutellum: absent. Microsculpture on mesoscutellum: present throughout; absent. Median mesoscutellar carina: absent. Setation of posterior scutellar sulcus: present. Form of metascutellum: coarsely rugose. Metanotal trough: foveate, foveae occupying more than half of metanotal height. Metapostnotum: invaginated near lateral edge of metascutellum. Length of postmarginal vein: about twice as long as stigmal vein. Color of legs: coxae dark brown to black, elsewhere yellow. Anteromedial portion of metasomal depression: punctate or crenulate.

Metasoma. Longitudinal striae on T1 posterior to basal costae: present. Number of sublateral setae (on one side): uncertain, 0. Setation of laterotergite 1: absent. Longitudinal striation of T2: present in anterior two-thirds of tergite. Setation of T2: uncertain, sparsely present in posterolateral corner. Setation of laterotergite 2: absent; present. Posteriorly directed setae on medial S1: present. Striation of S2: present in anterior half of sternite not covered by laterotergites. Setation of S2: present posteromedially.

Diagnosis.

Trissolcus flavipes can be easily identified by the circular impression on the frons directly above the antennal scrobe. Transverse striation may exist surrounding this impression to varying degrees but even in these cases the circular marking remains distinct. The lack of a well-defined orbital furrow near the malar sulcus, the presence of only 2 clypeal setae, and the visible dorsal limit to the cells inside of the axillar crescent (Figure 9 ) also help to identify this species from other members of the flavipes species group.

Link to distribution map.

http://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id=3236

Material examined.

Lectotype, female, T. flavipes : SWEDEN: Västra Götaland Co., Bohuslaen Prov. , no date, Boheman, NHRS-HEVA 000002617 (deposited in NHRS) . Holotype, female, T. circus : RUSSIA: Primor’ye Terr., Troitsy Bay , 11.VII-15.VII.1972, M. Kozlov, ZMAS 0143 (deposited in ZIN) . Paratypes of T. circus : RUSSIA: 2 females, 1 male, USNMENT00916631-00916633 ( ZIN) . Other material: (7 females, male) JAPAN: 4 females, OSUC542416, 542418, 542422-542423 ( CNCI) . RUSSIA: 1 male, USNMENT00916634 ( ZIN) . THAILAND: 1 female, OSUC523952 ( OSUC) . UNITED KINGDOM: 2 females, USNMENT00916409, 00916415 ( BMNH) .

Comments.

Trissolcus flavipes has a peculiar distribution, the specimens that we examined directly are from Europe, Eastern Asia, and Thailand and among them we found no characters that suggested a European species and an Asian species. Kononova (2014) published a photograph of the frons of T. crassus that illustrates the circular marking that we have found to be diagnostic for the species. Her description of T. crassus is entirely consistent with our concept of the species, and it is on this basis that we treat T. crassus as a junior synonym of T. flavipes . The two Ukrainian specimens from which she described T. crassus serve to help bridge the distributional gap between the opposite ends of the Palearctic. Notable intraspecific variation occurs in the degree to which microsculpture is expressed in the femoral depression, ranging from distinctly microsculptured throughout to entirely smooth.

Figures

Figure 7 - 12. 7 T. mitsukurii, female (USNMENT 00675722), axillar crescent, lateral view 8 T. tumidus, female (USNMENT 00979425), axillar crescent, lateral view 9 T. flavipes, holotype of T. circus, female (ZMAS 0143), axillar crescent, lateral view 10 T. japonicus, female (USNMENT 00675989), axillar crescent, lateral view. 11 T. saakowi, female (USNMENT 00977544) axillar crescent, lateral view 12 T. nycteridaner, female (USNMENT 00896178), axillar crescent, lateral view. Scale bars in millimeters.

Figures 67 - 70. Trissolcus flavipes 67 female (USNMENT 00916409), head, mesosoma, metasoma, lateral view 68 female (USNMENT 00916409), head, mesosoma, metasoma, dorsal view 69 female lectotype (NHRS-HEVA 000002617), head, anterior view 70 female (holotype of T. circus) (ZMAS 0143), head, anterior view. Scale bars in millimeters.