Parviplana sodade, Cuadrado & Rodríguez & Moro & Grande & Noreña, 2021

Cuadrado, Daniel, Rodríguez, Jorge, Moro, Leopoldo, Grande, Cristina & Noreña, Carolina, 2021, Polycladida (Platyhelminthes, Rhabditophora) from Cape Verde and related regions of Macaronesia, European Journal of Taxonomy 736, pp. 1-43 : 19-20

Parviplana sodade sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:10171C70-7431-41EF-B39D-AC3982D24143

Figs 1C , 4 A–C

Etymology

The name of the new species, Parviplana sodade , comes from ‘sodade’ the Cape Verdean expression for saudade and regional song with rhythms of ‘coladeira’.

Material examined

Holotype CAPE VERDE • São Vicente Island , Mindelo ; 16°53′46.54″ N, 24°59′32.93″ W ( Fig. 1C V1 ); 24 Nov. 2017; Leopoldo Moro leg.; MNCN 4.01/2699 to 2708 (10 slides). One sagittally sectioned specimen stained with AZAN.

Description

BODY. Shape oval elongated. Length 0.8 cm. Smooth dorsal surface. Background pigmentation light white, transparent where the intestinal braches can be appreciated ( Fig. 4 A–B). Four clusters of cerebral eyes, two anterior with few eyes and more elongated than the posterior two. In sum around 50 cerebral eyes ( Fig. 4B ). Ruffled pharynx. Male and female genital pores located in the posterior half of the body. MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM. Directed backwards and with a dorso-ventrally oriented penis papilla. With elongated prostatic vesicle, tall granular lining included in the muscular penis bulb ( Fig. 4C ). The vasa deferentia enter the seminal vesicle separately. Seminal vesicle rounded, below the penis bulb and connected with a sort seminal duct to the prostatic vesicle ( Fig. 4C ). The male atrium is small and thin, with an internal fold that surrounds the distal part of the penis bulb like a penis sheath ( Fig. 4C ).

FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM. With a vagina bulbosa ( Fig. 4C ) and backwards oriented. Cement and shell glands open in a pouch located within the vaginal complex. Lang’s vesicle present.

Remarks

Parviplana sodade sp. nov belongs to the genus Parviplana due to the absence of tentacles, presence of seminal vesicle, and prostatic vesicle with a tall granular lining with prostatic functions. Female apparatus with vagina bulbosa and Lang´s vesicle.

Parviplana comprises 3 species, P. hymani Faubel, 1983 , P. jeronimoi Pérez-García, Noreña & Cervera, 2018 and P. lynca (Du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1958) . Parviplana lynca can be easy and clearly distinguished from the other two species by the presence of nuchal tentacles, exclusive of this species.

Parviplana hymani can be distinguished from P. sodade sp. nov., by the vas deferens which opens together into the seminal vesicle, and the prostate vesicle not included into de penis bulb.

Parviplana sodade sp. nov. possesses more similarities with P. jeronimoi . Both species share the penis sheath and more than 25 cerebral eyes, but clear differences separate them. Parviplana jeronimoi has a fleshy appearance and amber pigmentation. The size is also noticeable different, P. jeronimoi can reach lengths of 20 mm, while P. sodade in full mature state does not reach 8 mm. Parviplana jeronimoi also presents vasa deferentia joined in a single vas deferens, a small female atrium and a corrugated surface between the two genital pores, characteristics not present in P. sodade .

Figures

Fig. 1. Location of sampling points, distribution of the Macaronesian archipelagos and limitation of regions: Lauri-Macaronesia or Lusitanian Macaronesia (white); Central Macaronesia or Eumacaronesia (bordeaux) and Great Macaronesia (green). Abbreviations:A1 = San Miguel Island, Azores; C1 = Pasito Blanco, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands; C2 = Tenerife, Canary Islands; C3 = Garachico, Tenerife, Canary Islands; C4 = Amarilla Golf, Tenerife, Canary Islands; CV1 = Astillero Mindelo, S„o Vicente Island, Cape Verde; CV2 = Bahía das Gatas, S„o Vicente Island, Cape Verde; CV3 = Calheta Funda, Sal Island, Cape Verde; M1 = Ifni, South Morocco; M2 = Agadir, South Morocco.

Fig. 4. A–C. Parviplana sodade sp. nov. (MNCN 4.01/2699 to 2708). A. Whole live animal, dorsal view. B. Anterior region with eyes cluster and tentacles (white arrows). C. Histological cross sections of male and female copulatory organ stained with AZAN and sagittal reconstruction of the reproductive system. – D–H. Euplana claridade sp. nov. (MNCN 4.01/2709 to 2718). D. Whole live animal, dorsal view. E. Anterior region with cerebral eyes cluster and tentacles (white arrows). F. Histological section of female copulatory organ stained with AZAN. G. Histological section of male copulatory organ stained with AZAN. H. Sagittal reconstruction of reproductive system. Abbreviations: see Material and methods.