Paraclodes furcata Desutter-Grandcolas, 2020

Desutter-Grandcolas, Laure & Faberon, Léo, 2020, Phalangopsidae crickets (Orthoptera, Grylloidea) from the Mitaraka biological survey, French Guiana, Zoosystema 42 (32), pp. 739-797 : 774-779

Paraclodes furcata Desutter-Grandcolas , n. sp.

( Figs 21-23 A-C; Table 14)

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F7F3E68D-9ADB-4BAF-ADA0-A8228196F61F

TYPE LOCALITY. — French Guiana, Monts Tumuc-Humac, Massif du Mitaraka.

TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype by present designation. French Guiana • 1♂; Monts Tumuc-Humac , Massif du Mitaraka, Layon A; entre 54.4509 O 2.2357 N et 54.4547 O 2.2405 N; alt. entre 280 m et 365 m; 23.II.-10.III.2015; F. Legendre & S. Hugel leg.; fn SH115, de nuit; MNHN-EO-ENSIF10778 .

Allotype. French Guiana • 1 ♀; Monts Tumuc-Humac , Massif du Mitaraka; 54.451125 O 2.234786 N; alt. 300 m; 23.II.-10. III.2015; F. Legendre & S. Hugel leg.; fn. SH040, D2, de nuit; MNHN-EO-ENSIF10785.

Paratypes: 6 males, 4 females. French Guiana • 1 ♂; same data as the holotype; fn SH264; MNHN-EO-ENSIF10779 • 1 ♀; same data as the allotype; fn SH041; MNHN-EO-ENSIF10786 • 2 ♂; Monts Tumuc-Humac , Massif du Mitaraka, D 2; 54.451125 O 2.234786 N; alt. 300 m; 23.II.-10.III.2015; F. Legendre & S. Hugel leg.; fn. SH071, SH073, de nuit; MNHN-EO-EN-SIF10780, 10781 • 2 ♂ 3 ♀; Monts Tumuc-Humac , Massif du Mitaraka, vers sommet en Cloche; entre 54.4541 O 2.2349 N et 54.4646 O 2.2329 N; alt. entre 370 m et 470 m; 23 II.et 10.III.2015; F. Legendre & S. Hugel leg.; fn. SH421, SH462, SH535, SH461, SH460, de nuit; MNHN-EO-ENSIF10782, 10783, 10787-10789 • 1 ♂; Monts Tumuc-Humac , Massif du Mitaraka, entre C1000 et savane roche; entre 54.4419 O 2.23366 N et 54.4346 O 2.238655 N; alt. entre 415 m et 390 m; 23.II.-10.III.2015; F. Legendre & S. Hugel leg.; fn. SH232, de nuit; MNHN-EO-ENSIF10784 .

ETYMOLOGY. — Species named after the very long size of the pseudepiphallic lobes in male genitalia, making like a wide fork.

DIAGNOSIS. — Within the genus, species very close to Paraclodes nouragui Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992 n. stat., and P. subaptera Gorochov, 2007 n. stat., but fully apterous and with distinct male and female genitalia, and coloration. It can be separated from P. nouragui n. stat. by a bigger size, the lack of FWs in males, male genitalia (pseudepiphallic sclerite more narrow, pseudepiphallic apical lobes very long, slightly divergent, not crenulated at base; pseudepiphallic parameres more rounded and vertical), female ovipositor length and copulatory papilla (much bigger, higher, with a smaller aperture dorsally).

P. furcata Desutter-Grandcolas , n. sp. can be separated from P. subaptera n. stat. by its male genitalia (pseudepiphallic apical lobes longer, distinctly narrowed and curved toward apex, separated by a very narrow distance at base, but this distance increasing sharply close to apical lobes base ( Fig. 21D, E ), pseudepiphallic parameres rounded and vertical, but half the size of P. subaptera n. stat.) and its female genitalia (higher, with a smaller aperture dorsally).

DESCRIPTION

In addition to the characters of the genus.

General morphology

Maxillary palpi not very elongated ( Fig. 21A ); article 3 shorter than article 4, article 5 the longest. DD posterior margin largely concave ( Fig. 21B ). TI with a small inner tympanum; outer tympanum absent. FIII with filiform apical part. TIII lacking spines between subapical spurs and apical spurs on both sides; on inner side, no spine in males and females between isa1 and isa2, zero to one spine (mean 0.1) in males, zero to two spines (mean 1) in females between isa2 and isa3, two to four spines (mean 2.7) in males, three to four spines (mean 3.6) in females between isa3 and isa4, six to eight spines (mean 7.1) in males, nine to ten spines (mean 9.4) in females above isa4; on outer side, one to two spines (mean 1.9 in males, 1.6 in females) between osa1 and osa2, two to four spines (mean 3 in males and females) between osa2 and osa3, three to six spines (mean 4.9) in males, three to seven spines (mean 5) in females between osa3 and osa4, 12-15 spines (mean 13.4) in males, 14-15 spines (mean 14.4) in females above osa4. Barsitarsomere III serrulation: no inner spines in males and females; three to four outer spines (mean 3.3) in males, three to five outer spines (mean 3.4) in females in addition to apical spines.

Coloration

Face ( Fig. 21A ) with a yellow line below median ocellus, bordered with a black line and separated from antennal pit by light brown; face light to dark brown, with two median, wide yellow spots and a small yellow spot below each antennal pit; an additional yellow spot, variable in size and color, close to inner angle of eye. Cheeks yellow, sometimes separated from subgena by light brown; a brown spot behind posterior margin of eye. Fastigium black dorsally, more or less marked with light brown or yellowish laterally ( Fig. 21A ). Head dorsum black; vertex with four thin yellow longitudinal lines, the most lateral ones joining a wider yellow band behind the eyes from which it is separated by a triangular brown spot ( Fig. 21B ). Scapes yellow, upper margin black brown; inner side darker with more or less delimited yellow spots. Antennae light brown. Maxillary palpi light yellow, last three articles marked with brown on lateral sides ( Fig. 21A ). Pronotum: anterior margin yellow; DD ( Fig. 21B ) with wide longitudinal yellow band, an irregular yellow band on each lateral margin, two and four black spots near anterior and posterior margins respectively, pyriform inscriptions ochre; LL black, anterior angle largely yellowish ( Fig. 21C ). FI, FII ( Fig. 21B, C ) yellow, inner and outer lower margins black brown; two black rings in distal half; a large black patch on each side and several small black spots dorsally and laterally. Metanotum with a yellow, longitudinal band, bordered by two lateral black brown spots, prolonged on tergites I and II by a very thin line ( Figs 21B ; 22 ). Legs as on Fig. 22 : TI, TII yellow, lower side light ochre; four incomplete black rings. FIII yellow with black brown pattern: outer side with oblique black stripes and a longitudinal black line close to lower margin; two black rings on apical filiform part; inner side less marked with dark brown. TIII yellow, light ochre ventrally; with four incomplete black rings. Spurs and claws yellow with black apex. Tarsomeres 1 brown with yellow base; tarsomeres 2 yellowish; tarsomeres 3 brown. Abdomen variegated yellow, brown and black ( Fig. 22 ). Cerci yellowish, densely covered with black setae.

Male

Antennae with bunches of long setae. Apterous. Supra anal plate brown with two transverse yellowish spots at base. Subgenital plate brown.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 21 D-F)

Pseudepiphallic sclerite distinctly long and narrow, as long as rami, with abruptly raised base. Pseudepiphallic apical lobes very long, as long as pseudepiphallic sclerite, regularly narrowed toward apex; regularly curved on outer side; inner side abruptly narrowed close to base, the indentation between lobes sharp and of regular width. Pseudepiphallic parameres with large lower part and small upper part; lower part lamella-like, almost vertical in side view, triangular in ventral view. Ectophallic apodemes only slightly longer than endophallic sclerite; apex abruptly widened, as in P. nouragui n. stat.. Endophallic sclerite and apodeme as in P. nouragui n. stat. and P. subaptera n. stat.

Female

Apterous, without even flap-like FWs laterally. Supra anal plate brown with two transverse yellowish spots at base. Subgenital plate short, transverse; distal margin straight, not sinuate. Ovipositor very long, much longer than FIII and TIII; apex outer sides crenulated.

Female genitalia ( Fig. 23 A-C)

Copulatory papilla broadly triangular in side view, higher laterally than the papilla of P. nouragui n. stat. and P. subaptera n. stat.; dorsal aperture smaller than in the last two species, and not as wide as the papilla over its whole length; papilla more narrow apically than basally in dorsal view (compare Fig. 23 A-C and D-F).

Measurements (in mm)

See Table 14.

Variation

Face most often lighter in males than in females (depending on the condition of the specimens?). LL sometimes wholly black, without yellow near lower margin. Fastigium coloration from yellowish to dark brown.

Figures

FIG. 21. — Paraclodes furcata Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. male paratype MNHN-EO-ENSIF10780: A, face; B, head, pronotum and first tergites in dorsal view; C, head and pronotum in side view; D-F, male genitalia in dorsal (D), ventral (E) and side (F) views. Abbreviations: see Material and methods. Scale bar: 1 mm.

FIG. 22. — Paraclodes furcata Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp. male holotype MNHN-EO-ENSIF10778 (A) and female MNHN-EO-ENSIF10785 (B) foraging at night on tree trunks. Photos: Sylvain Hugel.

FIG. 23. — Paraclodes Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992 n. stat. and Paragryllus Guérin-Méneville, 1844 species from the Mitaraka: female copulatory papilla in ventral (A, D, G, J), dorsal (B, E, H, K, M) and side (C, F, I, L, N) views: A-C, Paraclodes furcata Desutter-Grandcolas, n. sp.; D-F, Paraclodes subaptera Gorochov, 2007 n. stat.; G-I, Paraclodes cunicula Desutter-Grandcolas,n. sp.; J-L, Paraclodes sp.; M, N, Paragryllus elapsus Desutter-Grandcolas,1992a, female from Mitaraka; O, Paragryllus elapsus Desutter-Grandcolas, 1992a, female from Mitaraka, subgenital plate. Scale bars: 1 mm.