Graphium (Pazala) paphus (de Nicéville, 1886 ) Hu & Cotton & Condamine & Duan & Wang & Hsu & Zhang & Cao, 2018

Hu, Shao-Ji, Cotton, Adam M., Condamine, Fabien L., Duan, Kuang, Wang, Rong-Jiang, Hsu, Yu-Feng, Zhang, Xin & Cao, Jun, 2018, Revision of Pazala Moore, 1888: The Graphium (Pazala) mandarinus (Oberthür, 1879) Group, with Treatments of Known Taxa and Descriptions of New Species and New Subspecies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), Zootaxa 4441 (3), pp. 401-446 : 415

Graphium (Pazala) paphus (de Nicéville, 1886) stat. nov.

( Figure 9 , C–F)

Papilio paphus de Nicéville, 1886 ; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 55 Pt. II (3): 254, pl. 11, f. 6; TL: Sikkim.

Papilio Glycerion Gray, 1831 (junior homonym of Papilio Glycerion Borkhausen, 1788 [ Nymphalidae : Satyrinae ]); Zool. Miscell., 1: 32; TL: “Nepaul” [= Nepal].

Diagnostic characters: Larger than the preceding species, forewing length: male 35.0–41.0 mm (mean = 37.1 ± 1.3 mm, n = 29), female 39.5 mm (only one female examined). Both wings rather whitish. Forewing, apex more obvious than that of garhwalica , termen concave in the middle and slightly wavy at the end of each vein (a); veins Cu1 and Cu2 mostly free of black scales except the base, while vein M3 entirely black (b). Hindwing, black discal band on the upperside incomplete but usually present near and in the cell (c), short submarginal black lines reaching space sc+r1.

Distribution: Nepal, Bhutan, N. India (Sikkim, Assam), N. Myanmar (Sagaing), and W. China (S. Tibet, i.e., Metok).

Phenology: Univoltine. Adults were collected from late April to mid May in Metok (Wa Da, pers. comm.).

Host plant: Unknown, presumably a plant species belonging to family Lauraceae .

Male genitalia ( Figure 12 ): In total eight male genitalia were dissected, the general characters are consistent, with slight variation in the harpes. Highly sclerotised. Ring wavy in the upper half; saccus small; distance between the base of socii 0.64–0.74 mm (mean = 0.70 ± 0.03, n = 8). Valve short, oval in general, the dorsal terminal harpe with an acute but not elongate tip (elongate in garhwalica ); the dorsal subterminal harpe small and isolated (reaching the dorsal terminal harpe in garhwalica ), with serrate edge; the medial harpe long and straight, dorsal projection bayonet-shaped (in sharp and acute triangular pyramid shape) (flat in garhwalica ); a variable number of teeth (0–2) in the middle of the medial harpe.

Female genitalia ( Figure 13 ): Only one female was available for genitalia dissection. Lamella postvaginalis small, round-shaped; ostial lobe heavily sclerotised, broad at the base and abruptly narrowing into a sharp spur in lateral view, while the posterior margin deeply bifurcated into a pair of acute spurs in ventral view (only shallowly bifid in garhwalica ).

Figures

FIGURE 9. G. (P.) garhwalica (Katayama, 1988) stat. nov. (A–B) and G. (P.) paphus (de Nicéville, 1886) stat. nov. (C–F); upperside in the first row, underside in the second row; scale bar = 10 mm. A: ♂, Joshimath, N.W. India, PARATYPE; B: ♀, ditto; C: ♂, Tiger Hill, Darjeeling, N. India; D: ♀, ditto; E: ♂, Metok, S. Tibet, China; F: ♂, Tarung Hka River, N. Sagaing, Myanmar.

FIGURE 12. Male genitalia of G. (P.) paphus (de Nicéville, 1886) stat. nov. from Metok, S. Tibet, China; scale bar = 1.0 mm. All: genitalia as a whole, R.: lateral view of ring, TSU: dorsal view of tegumen, socii, and uncus, V. right valve, Ae.: lateral view of aedeagus, Ju.: ventral view of juxta.

FIGURE 13. Female genitalia of G. (P.) paphus (de Nicéville, 1886) stat. nov. from Tiger Hill, Darjeeling, N. India; lateral view above, ventral view below; scale bar = 1.0 mm.