Panoquina albistriga O. Mielke, 1980

Zhang, Jing, Dolibaina, Diego R., Cong, Qian, Shen, Jinhui, Song, Leina, Mielke, Carlos G. C., Casagrande, Mirna M., Mielke, Olaf H. H. & Grishin, Nick V., 2023, Taxonomic notes on Neotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera), Zootaxa 5271 (1), pp. 91-114 : 112

Panoquina eugeon (Godman & Salvin, 1896) , reinstated status, Panoquina calna Evans, 1955 and Panoquina albistriga O. Mielke, 1980 , new status, and Panoquina eugeon minima de Jong, 1983 , new combination

Genomic trees reveal that Panoquina panoquinoides (Skinner, 1891) (type locality in USA: Florida / Texas) is not monophyletic, and Panoquina errans (Skinner, 1892) (type locality in USA: California / Texas) originates within it ( Fig. 10 ). We find that Panoquina panoquinoides calna Evans, 1955 (type locality in Peru) ( Fig. 10 orange) is sister to P. errans ( Fig. 10 olive, syntype sequenced) in both nuclear and mitochondrial genome trees, differing from it by 2.6% (17 bp) in COI barcodes and Panoquina panoquinoides albistriga O. Mielke, 1980 (type locality in Brazil: Rio Grande do Sul) ( Fig. 10 green, holotype sequenced) is sister to Panoquina panoquinoides eugeon (Godman & Salvin, 1896) (type locality in Grenada) showing 0.9% (6 bp) in COI barcode distance (lower than expected from the nuclear genome divergence illustrated in Fig. 10 ). Due to prominent genetic differentiation between these taxa, we propose to treat them as species: Panoquina eugeon (Godman & Salvin, 1896) , stat. rest., Panoquina calna Evans, 1955 , stat. nov. and Panoquina albistriga O. Mielke, 1980 , stat. nov. Sequencing Panoquina panoquinoides minima de Jong, 1983 (type locality in Surinam) ( Fig. 10 maroon) demonstrates that it is sister to P. eugeon , stat. rest. ( Fig. 10 purple) and clusters with it rather closely, especially in the mitogenome tree (COI barcode difference 0.76%, 5bp). Due to genetic and phenotypic similarities and proximity in locality we conservatively place it as a subspecies: P. eugeon minima de Jong, 1983 , comb. nov. pending more detailed research.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Panoquina trees constructed from protein-coding regions in: a. nuclear genome, b. mitochondrial genome. Specimens are arranged in the same order in both trees and complete labels are given in panel a only. P. panoquinoides (blue), P. errans (olive), P. calna, stat. nov. (orange), P. eugeon eugeon, stat. rest. (purple), P. eugeon minima, comb. nov. (maroon), P. albistriga, stat. nov. (green), P. trix (cyan with its synonym P. confusa in magenta).