Pamianthe ecollis Silverst., Meerow & Sanchez-Taborda, 2019
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publication ID |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.115.30755 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC8467A6-B247-3328-C053-C5E7C80A32C6 |
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treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Pamianthe ecollis Silverst., Meerow & Sanchez-Taborda |
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sp. nov. |
Pamianthe ecollis Silverst., Meerow & Sanchez-Taborda sp. nov. Figs 1 View Figure 1 , 2 View Figure 2
Diagnosis.
This species differs from both Pamianthe parviflora Meerow and P. peruviana Stapf in having a yellow perianth and staminal cup (versus white) and in nearly lacking a perianth tube. Additionally, it differs from P. parviflora in having shorter pedicels, a longer ovary, and more numerous ovules, and from P. peruviana in having much longer pedicels, more flowers per umbel, much shorter tepals, a shorter staminal cup that is not exserted from the perianth, and a smaller fruit.
Type.
COLOMBIA. Cauca: Municipio Argelia, road between Nuevo Horizonte and La Montaña, north of the Serranía El Pinche, Cordillera Occidental, western slope (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 ), 2839 m, 4 Feb 2018, J. A. Sánchez-Taborda 2870 (holotype: CUVC 67719!, 67720!, mounted on two sheets; isotype: CAUP). GPS coordinates are withheld to discourage poaching; they are available to bonafide researchers upon request.
Description.
Terrestrial saxicolous herbs (Fig. 1A View Figure 1 ); bulb absent, roots emerge from base of pseudostem, and are thick, possibly with a velamen layer (Fig. 1B View Figure 1 ). Leaves (Fig. 1C) sessile, attached alternately to an elongate pseudostem; lamina lorate, 82.7-104.5 × 5.5-6.3 cm, margin entire, glabrous, narrowing distally (but not acuminate), apex acute, with a conspicuous midrib. Scape cylindrical, 45-46 cm long; intact bracts not seen (bracts withered and damaged in dried specimens); inflorescence pseudoumbellate, flowers oriented at right angles from apex of pedicels. Flowers (Fig. 1 D–F View Figure 1 ) 9-10, of which 3-4 are at anthesis simultaneously; pedicels in flowers at anthesis 7-9 cm long; perianth tube nearly obsolete (ca. 1.8 mm long); limb crateriform, ca. 3.3 cm in diam; tepals 6, yellow, glabrous; outer tepals with green tips and very narrow green abaxial mid-longitudinal stripe, valvate, elliptical, ca. 3.2 × 1.4-1.5 cm, apiculate, apex thickened, ca. 2.3 mm long, with salient adaxial apiculum (Fig. 2B View Figure 2 ) ca. 1.3 × 1.4 mm, which is densely glandular-papillate (Fig. 2C View Figure 2 ); inner tepals imbricate at base, ovate, broader than outer tepals, ca. 2.8 × 2.1 cm, apex rounded, thickened and papillate on adaxial surface, but not apiculate and lacking adaxial protuberance. Stamens 6, basally connate into immaculate yellow staminal cup attached to the adaxial base of inner tepals (Fig. 2A View Figure 2 ), ca. 5 mm long (measured from base to tip of tooth), not exserted, with 2 deltoid to rounded teeth between each 2 free filaments; free filaments yellow, ca. 5 mm long, attached to border of staminal cup, included, strongly incurved; anthers grouped in center of flower (but not connivent), brown with yellow borders, ca. 7.1 mm long, linear, dorsifixed, versatile, longitudinally dehiscent; pollen yellow. Style (in the only flower preserved in ethanol) apparently immature (flower protandrous), curved, ca. 10 mm long, included (hidden below the grouped anthers), stigma 3-lobed, lobes papillate; ovary green, 3-angled, oblong, ca. 40 × 9 mm, 3-loculed, placentation axile, ovules oblong, ca. 1.6 × 0.5 mm, ca. 100 per locule (Fig. 2D View Figure 2 ), biseriate, ovules of each row alternating with those of the other row. Fruit (Fig. 2E View Figure 2 ): unopened fruit not available for measurement; dehiscent fruit 3-valved, valves broad-elliptic to obovate, base obtuse, apex short-beaked, dry, smooth, glabrous, ca. 38 × 29 mm. Seeds (Fig. 2E, F) as many as 233 in one capsule, alate, glabrous, seed body dark brown, wing light brown, flat, thin, membranous, shape of entire seed (including wing) narrowly to broadly falcate, (12-) 15-18 × 5-9 mm.
Distribution and ecology.
Pamianthe ecollis is known only from the type locality (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 ). The general habitat is cloud forest. The forest at this site includes the following genera: trees: Clusia L., Hedyosmum Sw., Ocotea Aubl.; shrubs: Miconia Ruiz & Pav., Palicourea Aubl.; herbs: Anthurium Schott, Besleria L., Kohleria Regel, Peperomia Ruiz & Pav., and Sphaeradenia Harling. Epiphytes were predominantly bromeliads and orchids. The new species is common at this site (Fredy Gómez-Ortiz pers. com.). However, this species does not grow within closed forest. The seeds of P. ecollis , which are adapted for anemochory, and a photograph of the population at the type locality (Fig. 1A), indicate that this species inhabits open areas on steep banks near creeks. Plants from the type collection were growing near a waterfall. Plants from a later collection, from which herbarium specimens were not prepared, were growing on an apparently disturbed, open slope on rocky substrate. The roots of the plants are superficial, immersed in a thick layer of moss, and grasp the surface of the rock. Thus, this species is a lithophyte.
Phenology.
Plants were collected in flower in February and in fruit in August.
Etymology.
The specific epithet is from Latin, e (without), collum (neck), adjectival collis, referring to the almost absent perianth tube of this species.
Preliminary conservation status.
Since nothing is known of the distribution of this species apart from the type locality, it is best to place it in the category Data Deficient ( IUCN 2012, 2017).
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.
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