Anthophorini (Kirby, 1837)

Eardley, Connal & Urban, Rosalind, 2010, Catalogue of Afrotropical bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Apiformes) 2455, Zootaxa 2455, pp. 1-548 : 457-461

Anthophorini :

Pachymelus Smith

Pachymelus Smith, 1879: 116 . Type species: Pachymelus micrelephas Smith, 1879 , by original designation; Cockerell 1905: 330; Sandhouse, 1943: 581; Michener 1944: 285; Brooks 1988a: 31; Brooks 1988b: 439, 440, 558–575; Eardley 1993b: 217–229; Michener 2000: 721, 729–730; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 240–257, 270.

Podalirius (Pachymelus) (Smith) : Dalla Torre, 1896: 252.

Anthophora (Pachymelus) (Smith) : Friese, 1909a: 283–284.

Pachymelus (Pachymelopsis) Cockerell, 1905: 330–331 . Type species: Pachymelus conspicuus Smith, 1879 , by original designation; Brooks 1988b: 31; Struck 1992: 75, 80; Michener 2000: 69, 105, 729, 730; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 240.

Pachymelus abessinicus (Friese)

Ethiopia, Tanzania, Uganda.

Anthophora aethiopica Friese, 1911a: 659–660 , male lectotype [designated by Eardley, 1993b] (ZMHB) Uganda [not Cameron, 1905].

Anthophora abessinica (Friese) : Brauns 1912c: 89 [replacement name for Anthophora aethiopica Friese, 1911 , not Podalirius aethiopicus Cameron, 1905 ]; Friese 1912c: 89; Friese 1915: 272; Rasmussen and Ascher 2008: 19.

Pachymelus abessinicus (Friese) : Brooks 1988b: 558; Eardley 1993b: 223.

Pachymelus (Pachymelopsis) abessinicus (Friese) : Michener 2000: 729.

Pachymelus androyanus Brooks & Pauly

Madagascar.

Pachymelus androyanus Brooks and Pauly, In : Pauly et al. 2001: 241, 242, 249, female holotype (MNHN) Madagascar.

Pachymelus bettoni (Cockerell)

Kenya.

Habropoda bettoni Cockerell, 1910a: 215–216 , male holotype (BMNH) Kenya; Lieftinck 1972: 315; Brooks 1988b: 562.

Pachymelus bettoni (Cockerell) : Eardley 1993b: 218, 219, 220–221, 223, 224, 226.

Pachymelus (Pachymelopis) bettoni (Cockerell) : Michener 2000: 729 [by implication].

Pachymelus beharensis Benoist

Madagascar.

Pachymelus beharensis Benoist, 1962b: 216 , male lectotype [designated by Brooks & Pauly, 2001] (MNHN) Madagascar; Brooks 1988b: 560; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 241, 242, 243, 247, 248, 255.

Pachymelus bicolor (Saussure)

Madagascar. On flowers of: Danais sp. , Dichaetanthera sp. , Exacum divaricatum , Pentas hindsioides ,

Psychotria sp. , Sabicea diversifolia .

Habropoda (Pachymelus) bicolor Saussure, 1891: 27 , male lectotype [designated by Brooks & Pauly, 2001] (MNHN) Madagascar.

Podalirius bicolor (Saussure) : Dalla Torre 1896: 259.

Pachymelus bicolor (Saussure) : Benoist 1962b: 215–216; Michener 2000: 730; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 243, 244, 248, 256.

Pachymelus ciliatus Friese

Madagascar.

Pachymelus ciliatus Friese, 1922a: 16 , male holotype (ZMHB) Madagascar; Brooks 1988b: 562, 569, syn. Pachymelus ocularis ; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 241, 248, 251; Rasmussen and Ascher 2008: 38.

Pachymelus octomaculatus Friese 1922a: 16–17 , male holotype (ZMHB) Madagascar; Benoist 1962a: 144; Brooks 1988b: 569, syn. Pachymelus ocularis ; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 251, syn.; Rasmussen and Ascher 2008: 82.

Pachymelus claviger Benoist

Madagascar. On flowers of: Rubiaceae .

Pachymelus claviger Benoist, 1962b: 215–216 , 217, male holotype (MNHN) Madagascar; Brooks 1988b: 562; Eardley 1993b: 220; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 242.

Pachymelus conspicuus Smith

Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Sierra Leone , Somalia, Tanzania, Zambia.

Pachymelus conspicuus Smith, 1879: 117 , female holotype (BMNH) Malawi; Stadelmann 1898: 24; Cockerell 1905: 330–331; Hedicke 1933: 45; Brooks 1988b: 562; Eardley 1993b: 218, 219–220, 223, 224, 226, 227.

Podalirius conspicuus (Smith) : Dalla Torre 1896: 264; Cockerell 1905: 330–331.

Anthophora (Pachymelus) conspicua (Smith) : Friese 1909a: 262, 283–284.

Pachymelopsis conspicuus (Smith) : Hedicke 1933: 45; Michener 1997b: 44.

Pachymelus (Pachymelopsis) conspicua (Smith) : Michener 2000: 729.

Pachymelus insulanus Stadelmann, 1898: 25 ; female lectotype [designated by Eardley, 1993b] (ZMHB) Tanzania; Brooks 1988b: 562, syn.; Eardley 1993b: 218.

Anthophora insulana (Stadelman) : Strand 1912b: 138.

Anthophora (Pachymelus) insulana (Stadelmann) : Friese 1909a: 262, 284.

Anthophora armatipes Friese 1911a: 660–661 , male lectotype [designated by Eardley, 1993b] (ZMHB), Somalia; Hedicke 1933: 45, syn.; Rasmussen and Ascher 2008: 26.

Pachymelus armatipes (Friese) Brooks 1988b: 562 , syn.; Eardley 1993b: 218.

Pachymelus festivus (Dours)

Lesotho, South Africa. On flowers of: Berkheya sp. , Blepharis capensis , Leucas capensis , Leucas pechuelli ,

Lycium sp.

Habropoda festiva Dours, 1869: 33 ; Cockerell 1910a: 215–216, male and female syntypes (lost) South Africa; Cockerell 1936j: 28; Cockerell 1936k: 360.

Podalirius festivus (Dours) : Dalla Torre 1896: 267.

Podalirius (Habropoda) festivus (Dours) : Schulz 1906: 253.

Anthophora (Habropoda) festiva (Dours) : Friese, 1905f: 233; Friese 1909a: 261, 264, 265, 266–267; Friese 1909b: 139– 140; Friese 1911a: 659–661; Lieftinck 1972: 315.

Anthophora festiva (Dours) : Brauns 1913: 119.

Pachymelus festivus (Dours) : Brooks 1988b: 564; Eardley 1993b: 218, 220, 221–222, 223, 224, 226, 227; Gess and Gess 2003: 245, 421; Gess and Gess 2006: 34.

Pachymelus (Pachymelopsis) festivus (Dours) : Michener 2000: 729 [by implication].

Habropoda capensis Cameron, 1905a: 255–256 , female holotype (lost) South Africa; Cameron 1905b: 200; Friese 1905f: 233; Brooks 1988b: 562, 564, syn.; Eardley 1993b: 222.

Podalirius (Habropoda) capensis (Cameron) : Schulz 1906: 253, syn.

Habropoda tomentosa nomen nudum: Friese 1905f: 233 [first published as a junior synonym]; Friese 1909a: 264; Moreno and Moreno 1980: 140.

Podalirius malelnominatus Schulz, 1906: 253 ; Brooks 1988b: 564 [unecessary replacement name for Podalirius capensis Cameron, 1905 , not Friese, 1905].

Pachymelus flavithorax Benoist

Madagascar.

Pachymelus flavithorax Benoist, 1962b: 214–215 , two female syntypes (MHNH) Madagascar; Brooks 1988b: 564, 569, syn. Pachymelus ocularis ; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 250–251.

Pachymelus heydenii (Saussure)

Madagascar.

Habropoda (Pachymelus) heydenii Saussure, 1891: 25–27 , male neotype [designated by Brooks 1988b: 558] (SMFD) Madagascar.

Podalirius heydenii (Saussure) : Dalla Torre 1896: 272.

Pachymelus heideni [!] (Saussure): Friese 1922a: 17.

Pachymelus heydenii (Saussure) : Hedicke 1933: 45; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 240, 244, 247, 252–253.

Pachymelus (Pachymelus) heydenii (Saussure) : Michener 2000: 730.

Pachymelus grandidieri Cockerell, 1916b: 406–407 , female holotype (MNHN) Madagascar; Hedicke 1933: 45, syn; Brooks 1988b: 565, syn.; Roubik 1989: 405.

Pachymelus hova (Saussure)

Madagascar. On flowers of: Dionycha bojerii , Gravesia vestita .

Habropoda (Pachymelus) hova Saussure, 1891: 16–17 , male and female syntypes (MNHN) Madagascar; Hedicke 1933: 45.

Podalirius howa [!] (Saussure): Dalla Torre 1896: 272; Hedicke 1933: 45, syn.

Pachymelus howa [!] (Saussure): Friese 1922a: 16–17.

Pachymelus hova (Saussure) : Brooks 1988b: 566; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 242, 243, 245, 250, 251–252.

Pachymelus (Pachymelus) hova (Saussure) : Michener 2000: 730.

Anthophora (Pachymelus) meleagrus Gribodo, 1893: 392–393 , female holotype (MHNG) Madagascar.

Podalirius meleagrus (Gribodo) : Dalla Torre 1896: 276.

Pachymelus meleagrus (Gribodo) : Hedicke 1933: 45, syn; Brooks 1988b: 566, syn.

Pachymelus howa [!] var obscurus Friese, 1922a: 16 , female holotype (ZMHB) Madagascar; Brooks 1988b: 566, syn.; Rasmussen and Ascher 2008: 81.

Pachymelus lata (Cameron)

South Africa.

Habropoda lata Cameron, 1905b: 200 , holotype, gender unknown (lost) South Africa .

Pachymelus lata (Cameron) : Brooks 1988b: 567; Eardley 1993b: 228.

Pachymelus limbatus (Saussure)

Madagascar. On flowers of: Aristea kitchingii , Cynorkis sp. , Dichaetanthera cordifolia , Dionycha bojerii ,

Mentha sp. , Mussaenda arcuata , Pauridiantha lyalli , Plectranthus madagascariensis , Plectranthus vestitus ,

Solenostemon sp. , Sparrmannia discolor , Triainolepis emirnensis , Triumfetta pilosa .

Habropoda (Pachymelus) limbatus Saussure, 1891: 21–24 , female lectotype [designated by Brooks & Pauly, 2002] (MNHN) Madagascar.

Podalirius limbatus (Saussure) : Dalla Torre 1896: 275.

Pachymelus limbatus (Saussure) : Friese 1922a: 17; Benoist 1962a: 145; Nilsson et al. 1985: 223–236; Brooks 1988b: 567; Nilsson and Rabakonandrianna 1988: 475–488; Eardley 1993b: 220; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 243, 248, 254–255.

Pachymelus micrephalus Smith

Madagascar. On flowers of: Amphorocalyx multiflorus , Campylospermum deltoideum , Dionycha bojerii ,

Rhamphispermum gerardiodes, Solanum erythracanthum , Solanaceae .

Pachymelus micrephalus Smith, 1879: 117 , female holotype (BMNH) Madagascar; Cockerell 1905: 330–331; Friese 1922a: 17; Hedicke 1933: 45; Benoist 1962a: 144; Brooks 1988b: 568; Eardley 1993b: 217, 218; Michener 1997b: 44; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 241, 242, 243, 244, 246, 248, 249.

Habropoda (Pachymelus) micrephalus (Smith) : Saussure 1891: 29–30.

Podalirius micrephalus (Smith) : Dalla Torre 1896: 277; Cockerell 1905: 330–331.

Pachymelus (Pachymelus) micrephalus Smith : Michener 2000: 729.

Habropoda (Pachymelus) cambouei Saussure, 1891: 18 , female holotype (MNHN) Madagascar; Brooks 1988b: 568, syn.

Podalirius (Pachymeles) [!] cambouei (Saussure) : Dalla Torre 1896: 262.

Pachymelus soror Mocsáry 1896: 8 , female type (?HNHM); Cockerell 1916b: 406, syn.; Hedicke 1933: 45, syn.; Brooks 1988b: 568.

Pachymelus mediocinctus Cockerell, 1917c: 475–476 , male holotype (QMBA) Madagascar; Brooks 1988b: 567; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 246, syn.

Pachymelus oculariellus Brooks & Pauly

Madagascar.

Pachymelus oculariellus Brooks and Pauly, In : Pauly et al. 2001: 244, 250, female holotype (SEMC) Madagascar.

Pachymelus ocularis (Saussure)

Madagascar. On flowers of: Gaertnera macrostipula , Medinilla chermezonii , Rubiaceae .

Habropoda (Pachymelus) ocularis Saussure, 1891: 24–25 , male holotype (MNHN) Madagascar.

Podalirius ocularis (Saussure) : Dalla Torre 1896: 279.

Pachymelus ocularis (Saussure) : Hedicke 1933: 45; Benoist 1962a: 144; Brooks 1988b: 569; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 241, 244, 248, 249, 250, 251.

Pachymelus (Pachymelus) ocularis (Saussure) : Michener 2000: 729–30.

Pachymelus niger Friese, 1922a: 15 , female holotype (?ZMHB) Madagascar; Hedicke 1933: 45, syn.; Benoist 1962b: 144; Brooks 1988b: 568, 569; Rasmussen and Ascher 2008: 75.

Pachymelus peringueyi (Friese) South Africa. On flowers of: Anchusa capensis , Ballota africana , Hermannia disermifolia , Hermannia cf. disermifolia , Trichodesma africanum , acanth. Anthophora peringueyi Friese, 1911a: 665 , male holotype (SAMC) South Africa; Rasmussen and Ascher 2008: 85. Pachymelus peringueyi (Friese) : Brooks 1988b: 570; Eardley 1993b: 218, 225–228; Gess et al. 1997: 84; Gess and Gess

2003: 246, 274, 387, 398, 418, 419; Danforth et al. 2006a: 15119, 15121; Danforth et al. 2006b: 364, 366, 367,

368; Gess and Gess 2006: 31, 34. Pachymelus (Pachymelus) peringueyi (Friese) : Michener 2000: 729–730.

Pachymelus radovae (Saussure)

Madagascar. On flowers of: Dichrostachys alluaudiana , Solanum sp.

Habropoda (Pachymelus) radovae Saussure, 1891: 20–21 , female lectotype [designated by Brooks & Pauly, 2001] (ZMHB) Madagascar.

Podalirius radovae (Saussure) : Dalla Torre 1896: 285.

Pachymelus radovae (Saussure) : Brooks 1988b: 571; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 240, 244, 248, 253–254.

Pachymelus ratsiraka Brooks & Pauly

Madagascar.

Pachymelus ratsiraka Brooks and Pauly, In : Pauly et al. 2001: 240, 241, 242, 245, 257, male holotype (USNM) Madagascar.

Pachymelus reichardti Stadelmann Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania. Pachymelus reichardi [!] Stadelmann, 1898: 25, female holotype (ZMHB) Tanzania [incorrect original spelling]. Anthophora reichardti (Stadelmann) : Friese 1909a: 262, 284. Pachymelus reichardti Stadelmann : Brooks 1988b: 571; Eardley 1993b: 218, 223–225, 226, 228; Michener 2000: 730. Pachymelus (Pachymelopsis) reichardti Stadelmann : Michener 2000: 729. Anthophora (Habropoda) determinata Friese, 1905f: 234 , male lectotype [designated by Eardley, 1993b] (ZMHB)

Tanzania; Friese 1909a: 261, 264, 265, 266, 267; Friese 1909b: 139–140, 164; Cockerell 1910a: 216; Friese

1911a: 659–660; Brooks 1988b: 571, syn; Eardley 1993b: 223; Rasmussen and Ascher 2008: 44. Habropoda determinata (Friese) : Cockerell 1910a: 216; Lieftinck 1972: 315.

Pachymelus unicolor (Saussure)

Madagascar. On flowers of: Cassia laevigata , Gravisia vestita , Mapouria sp. , Medinilla chermezonii ,

Tristellateia madagascariensis , Tristemma virusanum .

Habropoda (Pachymelus) unicolor Saussure, 1891: 28–29 , male lectotype [designated by Brooks & Pauly, 2001] (MNHN) Madagascar.

Podalirius unicolor (Saussure) : Dalla Torre 1896: 293.

Pachymelus unicolor (Saussure) : Friese 1922a: 17; Benoist 1962a: 145; Brooks 1988b: 574; Eardley 1993b: 225; Brooks and Pauly In: Pauly et al. 2001: 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 255–256.

Pachymelus (Pachymelopsis) unicolor (Saussure) : Michener 2000: 730.