Oliverius jordanensis Soares & Soares, 1945

Carvalho, Rafael N. & Kury, Adriano B., 2025, Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (zlae 023) 203 (1), pp. 1-65 : 50-55

Oliverius jordanensis Soares & Soares, 1945

( Figs 30–33 )

• Oliverius jordanensis Soares and Soares 1945: 263 , figs 9–10.

Oliverius jordanensis — Soares and Soares 1954: 280; Soares and Soares 1970: 343; Kury 2003: 180.

• Discocyrtus granulatus Soares and Soares 1970: 342 , fig. 4.

NEW SYNONYMY

Discocyrtus granulatus — Kury 2003: 165.

Type data

Discocyrtus granulatus : ♂ holotype ( MZSP 4506 , examined) from BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia, Macieiras. Oliverius jordanensis : ♂ holotype ( MZSP 0821 , examined) BRAZIL, São Paulo, Campos do Jordão .

Records

Without further literature records.

Diagnosis

As presented for the genus.

Non-type material examined

BRAZIL: state of Minas Gerais: Delfim Moreira : 1 ♂ 2 ♀ ( MZSP 29845 ), [-22.5092°, -45.28°], 01.xi.2004, Pinto-da-Rocha, R. & daSilva, M. B. leg. Lima Duarte: 2 ♂ 2 ♀ ( MNRJ 8604 )! , Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca , 5-8.v.2008, Oliveira, I. S. leg. Itamonte: 2 ♂ ( ISLA 12817 )!, x.2009; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( MNRJ 2238 )! , Aiuruoca , 31.x.2007, Sampaio, C. leg.; 1 ♂ ( MNRJ 5599 )!, 7 ♂ 2 ♀ ( MNRJ 5602 )! , Parque Nacional de Itatiaia, Brejo da Lapa , -22.362°, -44.735°, 2200 m, 05–06.ii.1997, Kury, A. B. et al. leg.; 5 ♂ 6 ♀ ( MNRJ 58980 ) , idem, road to Brejo da Lapa, -22,375 941°, -44,748 277°, 1800 m, 27.xii.2019, Kury, A. B. et al. leg.; 1 ♀ ( UERJ A0425), 1 ♂ ( UERJ A0426) , idem, Parte Alta, road near to the Casa do Pesquisador , 05–08. xii.2019, Corrêa, C. C. D. leg. State of Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia : 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( MNRJ 58998 ), Parque Nacional de Itatiaia, Abrigo Lamego/Piscina do Maromba , -22.42 995°, -44.62 216°, 2000 m, 29.xii.2019, Kury, A. B. et al. leg.; 2 ♂ ( UERJ A0043) , idem, caminho da Casa de Pedra, 25.ix.2018, Equipe Diptera leg.; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ 1 juv ( UERJ A0074) , idem, Casa de Pedra, 24.ix.2018, Equipe Diptera leg.; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( MNRJ 5561 )! , idem, Véu da Noiva, Córrego Maromba , -22.4361°, -44.6244°, 1100 m, 02-03.ii.1997, Kury, A. B. et al. leg. State of São Paulo : São José do Barreiro : 1 ♂ ( IBSP 2774 )!, Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina , 28.iv–03.v.2002, Equipe Biota leg .

Distribution (new records with an asterisk)

BRAZIL: state of Minas Gerais: Delfim Moreira *, Itamonte*, Lima Duarte*. State of Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia . State of São Paulo : Campos do Jordão; São José do Barreiro* ( Fig. 29 ).

Redescription

MZSP 29845 (male) for the external body illustrations and description; DS, measurements: CW 3.4, CL 2.6, AW 7.1, AL 3.2; Leg I–IV measurements inTable 16; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - x/12(3) - x/7 - 7/7. MNRJ 5561! (male) for genitalic illustrations ( Figs 33A–E).

Dorsum: DSgamma,moreextensivethanlong,withASlateralmargins strongly convex, widest at scutal area II and thickest at scutal area III, with sinuous posterior margin ( Figs 31A–B , 32B–C ). DS anterior margin divided by a small central projection in the centre and a pair of shallow cheliceral sockets ( Fig. 32B ). Carapace anterior third with two sets of prominent subconical tubercles on two transversal rows (five tubercles each on anterior set, four tubercles each on posterior set), divided by a central portion covered by ordinary tubercles ( Fig. 32B ). Carapace posterior two-thirds with two paramedian pairs of outstanding tubercles, surrounded by ordinary and prominent tubercles on lateral and posterior portions ( Figs 31A–B , 32B–C ). Ocularium elliptical (in dorsal view), high (c. 3× the eye diameter), perpendicularly placed on the middle of the carapace ( Figs 31A–B , 32A–C ). Ocularium with a pair of sub-parallel spines (c. 2.5× the eye diameter) inclined frontwards ( Figs 31A–B , 32A–C ). AS lateral margins with two rows of tubercles: one external, composed of three-six outstanding subconical tubercles at areas I–IV; another internal one with ordinary tubercles from the anterior corner of the carapace to the DS posterior margin ( Fig. 32B–C ). Mesotergum divided into four clearly defined areas ( Figs 31A , 32B ). All scutal areas tuberculate ( Figs 31A–B , 32B– C ). Scutal areas I and IV divided into left and right halves by a longitudinal median groove ( Fig. 32B ). Scutal area I with a pair of paramedian outstanding tubercles (c. 7× the ordinary tubercles), placed between two other prominent tubercles (c. 1.5× the ordinary tubercles) ( Figs 30A–B , 31B , 32B–C ). Scutal areas II and IV with two pairs of paramedian outstanding tubercles (c. 2× the ordinary tubercles) ( Figs 31A–B , 32B–C ). Scutal area II posterior-lateral margin embracing the scutal area III ( Figs 30B , 32B ). Scutal area III with a pair of remarkable cylindrical structures with a broad base, slightly bent to posterior (c. 6.5× the ordinary tubercles) ( Figs 30A–C , 31A–B , 32B–C ). Scutal area III with two pairs of outstanding tubercles on the medial portion ( Figs 30B , 31A , 32B ). DS posterior border and free tergites I– III each with a transversal row of prominent and rounded tubercles ( Figs 30C , 31A , 32B ). Anal operculum tuberculate ( Fig. 30 ).

Venter: Cx I– III sub-parallel to each other, individually with ventral longitudinal rows of 9–11 setiferous tubercles (Cx I rows with higher and sharper tubercles than the others) ( Figs 30D , 31C ). Cx II with a retroventral distal row of four acuminated tubercles. Cx III with a retroventral distal row of 12 acuminated tubercles. Cx IV much larger than the others, directed obliquely ( Figs 30D , 31C ). Intercoxal bridges are well marked ( Figs 30D , 31C ). Stigmatic area Y-inverted-shaped, clearly sunken concerning Cx IV’s distal part ( Figs 30D , 31C ). Cx IV covered by ordinary tubercles ( Figs 30D , 31C ). Stigmata are visible ( Figs 30D , 31C ). Free sternites with a transverse row of ordinary tubercles ( Figs 30C–D , 31C ).

Chelicera: Basichelicerite elongate, bulla well marked ( Figs 31A , 32B ), with marginal setiferous tubercles—two lateral ectal, one posterior ( Fig. 32B ); hand not swollen.

Pedipalps: Tr ventral with a geminate setiferous tubercle. Fe with a ventral basal and a mesal distal setiferous tubercle. Pa unarmed ( Fig. 31A ). Ti with a row of four spines (IiIi) on ventro-mesal and ventro-ectal faces. Ta with a row of three spines ( III) on ventro-mesal and ventro-ectal faces.

Legs: All the unmentioned podomeres are unarmed or without relevant armature. Cx I–II dorsal proximal face with anterior and posterior basal apophyses (linked with ozopores); simple ones on Cx I, prominent ones on Cx II (posterior apophysis bifurcated, with the anterior bud larger and swollen). Tr I– III each with several ventral tubercles ( Fig. 30D ). Fe I–II straight ( Figs 30A–B , 31A ). Fe and Ti I–II with all faces containing rows of small tubercles ( Fig. 30B ). Fe III sub-straight ( Fig. 30D ). Fe III andTiIIIwithprodorsal, proventral,retroventral,andretrodorsal rows of acuminated tubercles ( Fig. 30A–B, D ). Pa III dorsally covered by acuminated tubercles ( Fig. 30A ). Cx IV reaching the anal operculum ( Figs 30B, D , 31A , 32B ). Cx IV tuberculate between prodorsal and ventral faces ( Figs 30A–D , 31A–C , 32B ). Cx IV with a prodorsal distal subconical apophysis (elongate, subapically bent to posterior), bearing a small accessory blunt branch (not totally visible in dorsal view) ( Figs 31A–C , 32B ). Cx IV with a short retrolateral apophysis, fused with a small secondary branch ( Figs 30B–D , 31A, C , 32B ). Tr IV rectangle-shaped (in dorsal view) ( Figs 30B, D , 31A–C , 32B ). Tr IV central portion with a prominent tubercle on the dorsal and retrodorsal faces ( Figs 30B , 32B, D ). Tr IV proximal portion with a conical apophysis on prolateral and retrolateral faces (both slightly bent dorsad) ( Figs 31A–B , 32B ). Tr IV distal portion with a hook-shaped apophysis on prodorsal face ( Figs 31A–B , 32B, D–E ). Tr IV tuberculate on ventral face ( Figs 30D , 31B–C , 32E–G ). Tr IV distal portion with a reduced conical apophysis on retrolateral face ( Figs 31C , 32B, D, F–G ). Fe IV sub-straight, arched on the distal half towards dorsal and prolateral faces ( Fig. 32D–G ). Fe IV dorsal face with a row of one proximal-most conical spine (I) and eight conical tubercles ( Fig. 32D–E, G ). Fe IV prodorsal face with a row of 20 ordinary tubercles ( Fig. 32D–E ). Fe IV prolateral face with a row of 18 slightly prominent acuminated tubercles ( Fig. 32D–F ). Fe IV proventral face with a row of 22 prominent tubercles ( Fig. 32E–F ). Fe IV retroventral face with a row of 16 outstanding tubercles except the four proximal-most and the two distalmost, which are prominent tubercles ( Fig. 32E–F ). Fe IV retrolateral face with a row of three subconical spines (iiI) on the proximal half, and a subconical spine (I) on the distal half (all of them bent dorsad) ( Fig. 32D, F–G ). Fe IV retrodorsal face with a row of 18 ordinary tubercles ( Fig. 32D, G ). Fe IV apical portion with subconical spurs on prodorsal and retrodorsal faces (retrodorsal largest) ( Fig. 32D–E, G ). Pa IV tuberculate on dorsal view ( Fig. 32D–E, G ). Pa IV with a row of three spines on proventral and retroventral faces ( Fig. 32E, G ). Ti IV with all faces (except the ventral) containing longitudinal rows of acuminated tubercles ( Fig. 32E, G ). Mt IV with all faces containing longitudinal rows of small-acuminated tubercles. Mt IV with proventral and retroventral apical spurs.

Coloration (in vivo) ( Fig. 30 ): Carapace and DS anterior and lateral margins background Dark Grayish Red (20). Mesotergum background Dark Bluish Gray (192). DS posterior border and free tergites I– III background Dark Greenish Yellow (103). Spines on the ocularium and scutal area III Dark Grayish Reddish Brown (47). DS with tubercles Deep Orange Yellow (69) or Strong Yellowish Brown (74). AS lateral borders with prominent subconical tubercles Deep Reddish Brown (41). DS posterior margin and free tergites I– III with a row of tubercles varying between Vivid Orange (48) and Strong Reddish Brown (40). Ch and Pp glossier background Blackish Green (152), with setiferous tubercles and claw Brilliant Yellow Green (116) and honey-combed details Moderate Yellow Green (120). Tr I– III and Fe I– III proximal half background Dark Yellowish Brown (78). Fe I– III distal half, Pa–Mt I–IV, and Cx IV background Dark Greenish Gray (156). Tr–Fe IV background Dark Reddish Brown (44). Legs I– III with ordinary tubercles Deep Orange Yellow (69). Leg IV with tubercles, spines, and apophyses varying between Vivid Orange (48) and Deep Reddish Brown (41).

Coloration (in ethanol) ( Fig. 31 ): DS background and margins vary between Moderate Olive Brown (95) and Dark Grayish Yellowish Brown (81), with a reticulum Strong Yellow (84). DS tubercles and ocularium spines Moderate Yellow Green (120). Scutal area III with spines Dark Grayish Brown (62). Ch and Pp background Olive Black (114), with setiferous tubercles and claw Strong Yellow Green (117) and honey-combed details Brilliant Greenish Yellow (98). Legs I– III background Dark Olive (108) with details Strong Greenish Yellow (99). Leg IV background Moderate Olive Brown (95), with honey-combed details on Cx IV prolateral proximal portion Moderate Greenish Yellow (102). Fe IV distal third background Strong Greenish Yellow (99). Pa–Mt distal third background Brilliant Yellow Green (116).

Male genitalia: VP slightly divided into a distal half forming a trapezium (widest at the apex) with latero-apical flaps and a proximal half elliptical ( Fig. 33A, C). VP ventral surface entirely covered with microsetae of type 1 ( Fig. 33B–C). All macrosetae cylindrical, inserted on lateral of VP. MS A1–A3 thick and acuminated, forming a longitudinal row on the basal third of VP ( Fig. 33A–B). MS B1 short, inserted ventrally, close to A3 ( Fig. 33B–C). MS C1–C3 thick and acuminated, forming a longitudinal row on the distal half of VP ( Fig. 33A–C). MS D1 short, closer to C3 than A1 ( Fig. 33A–C). MS E1–E2 very reduced, located on the laterodistal flange of VP—E1 above C1, E2 beside C2 ( Fig. 33B–C). Glans sac arising from the middle bulge on the podium, not extended as a dorsal process ( Fig. 33A–B). Stylus and its ventral process axis fused basally, forming a square-shaped short pedestal above the glans ( Fig. 33A–B, D–E). Stylus cylindrical, bent at the distal part (forming a plateau) and armed with a set of ventral subapical spines ( Fig. 33A–B, D–E). Stylus without any expansion or flattening, in situ reaching the distal margin of VP ( Fig. 33B–C). Ventral process almost straight, as long and thinner than the stylus ( Fig. 33B, D–E). Flabellum bent 90° ventrad, hand-shaped (with short serrulations and spines) ( Fig. 33A–B, D–E).

Female ( MZSP 29845) ( Figs 30F , 31D–F , 32H–J ): DS, measurements: CW 3.4, CL 2.5, AW 6.2, AL 3.6; Leg I–IV measurements in Table 17 ; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - 10(3)/10(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. Ocularium with reduced spines compared to males ( Figs 31B , 32H ). AS margins are less concave compared to males ( Figs 30F , 31B , 32J ). DS posterior margins and free tergites I– III with a row of outstanding acuminated tubercles ( Figs 30F , 31D–E , 32I ). Scutal area III with a pair of paramedian conical spines (with a rounded apex) ( Figs 30F , 31D–E ). Cx IV narrower than males, with the prodorsal distal apophysis reduced to a single spine ( Figs 31D , 32J ). Fe IV thinner and less curved in comparison to males ( Fig. 31D, F ). Fe IV, Tr IV, and Ti IV with reduced armature in comparison to males.

Intraspecific variation: Some variations between minor morph males ( Fig. 30E ) and major morph males were detected: (1) DS with less developed armature; (2) Cx IV distal portion with reduced apophysis on prolateral and retrolateral faces; and (3) Fe IV thinner, with less developed armature. No relevant intraspecific variation among major morph males and among females was detected in the material studied.

Historical taxonomical remarks: The male holotype of Discocyrtus granulatus ( MZSP 4506) matches almost 100% with the morphology of Oliverius jordanensis holotype ( MZSP 0821). No additional specimens were recorded in the literature for both species. The type-locality of Oliverius jordanensis (Campos do Jordão, São Paulo ) and Discocyrtus granulatus ( Itatiaia , Rio de Janeiro) are part of the Atlantic province ( Fig. 29 ). The same occurs with almost all the ordinary specimen records studied here (except Delfim Moreira , Minas Gerais, which belongs to the Paraná Forest province). Therefore, Discocyrtus granulatus is here considered a junior subjective synonym of Oliverius jordanensis .

Figures

Figure 29. Southeastern Brazil,showing distribution of Oliverius jordanensis Soares & Soares, 1945. Shaded areas in the background are Morrone’s regionalization of the Neotropics (‘provinces’; Morrone et al.2022): Atlantic province (in dark green) and Paraná Forest province (in medium green).

Figure 30. Habitus in vivo of Oliverius jordanensis Soares & Soares,1945, from Brazil,Rio de Janeiro, Itatiaia (A–D) and Brazil,Minas Gerais, Itamonte (E–F). ♂ (A–E) and ♀ (F). Photographs of Adriano Kury.

Figure 31. Oliverius jordanensis Soares & Soares,1945, ♂ (MNRJ 29845). A, habitus, dorsal view.B, same, lateral view.C, same, ventral view. ♀ (same voucher).D, habitus, dorsal view. E, same, lateral view.F, same, ventral view.Scale bars = 5 mm.

Figure 32. Oliverius jordanensis Soares & Soares,1945, ♂ (MNRJ 29845). A, ocularium, frontal view. B, habitus, dorsal view. C, same, lateral view. D, right femur IV, dorsal view.E, right femur–tibia IV, prolateral view.F, right femur IV, ventral view.G, right femur–tibia IV, retrolateral view. ♀ (same voucher). H, ocularium,frontal view. I, posterior margin of dorsal scutum and free tergites, dorsal view. J, right lateral margin of abdominal scutum and coxa IV, dorsal view.Scale bars:1 mm (A, H–J), 5 mm (B–G).

Tables

Table 17. Leg measurements of Oliverius jordanensis, ♀ (MZSP 29845)

	Tr	Fe	Pa	Ti	Mt	Ta	Cl	Total
Pp	0.69	1.77	1.05	1.28	−	1.13	1.13	7.05
Leg I	0.49	2.68	0.92	1.92	3.15	1.59	−	10.75
Leg II	0.88	5.85	1.40	3.95	5.99	3.39	−	21.50
Leg III	0.86	4.26	1.29	2.77	4.45	2.42	−	16.05
Leg IV	1.21	6.01	1.66	3.83	6.99	2.70	−	22.40