Oedicerina sp. 1

Jażdżewska, Anna M., Brandt, Angelika, Arbizu, Pedro Martínez & Vink, Annemiek, 2022, Exploring the diversity of the deep sea-four new species of the amphipod genus Oedicerina described using morphological and molecular methods, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194, pp. 181-225 : 199-208

Oedicerina sp. 1 Jażdżewska & Mamos, 2019

Type material

Holotype: ♀, 13.6 mm, body remnants and two slides with appendages, SMF-56780, SB_10-7E_ Oedi10_2015_1, St. AKL-71-10-7, 46°06.027’ N, 152°14.439’ E- 46°05.827’ N, 152°14.576’ E; 4769–4798 m, 29 July 2015, leg. Marina V. Malyutina.

Allotype: ♂, 10.0 mm, one slide with appendages, SMF-56779, 3-9S_Oedi10_2012_1, St. SO-223-3-9, 47°14.66’ N, 154°42.88’ E- 47°14.76’ N, 154°43.03’ E; 4987–4991 m, 5 August 2012, leg. Angelika Brandt.

Paratypes: ♀, 9.0 mm, MIMB 40714 , 3- 9 S_ Oedi10_2012_2, St. SO-223-3-9, 47°14.66’ N, 154°42.88’ E- 47°14.76’ N, 154°43.03’ E; 4987–4991 m, 5 August 2012, leg. Angelika Brandt.

♂, 9.2 mm, MIMB 40715 , SB_10-7S_Oedi10_2015_2, St. AKL- 71- 10- 7, 46° 06.027’ N, 152 ° 14.439 ’ E- 46°05.827’ N, 152°14.576’ E; 4769–4798 m, 29 July 2015, leg. Marina V. Malyutina .

Additional material: One ♀, 8.0 mm, 1-11S_ Oedi_2012_1, St. SO-223-1-11, 43°58.44’ N, 157°18.29’ E- 43°58.61’ N, 157°18.13’ E; 5418–5419 m, 30 July 2012, leg. Angelika Brandt.

One juvenile, 3.5 mm, 2-9S_Oedi10_2012_1, St. SO-223-2-9, 46°14.78’ N, 155°32.63’ E- 46°14.92’ N, 155°32.57’ E; 4830–4863 m, 3 August 2012, leg. Angelika Brandt.

Two ♀, 8.6–12.0 mm, 15 juveniles, 2.8–7.0 mm, St. SO-223-3-9, 47°14.66’ N, 154°42.88’ E- 47°14.76’ N, 154°43.03’ E; 4987–4991 m, 5 August 2012, leg. Angelika Brandt.

One juvenile, 5.1 mm, 9-9S_Oedi10_2012_1, St. SO-223-9-9, 40°34.51’ N, 150°59.92’ E- 40°34.25’ N, 150°59.91’ E; 5399– 5421 m, 23 August 2012, leg. Angelika Brandt.

One juvenile, 3.6 mm, St. SO-223-10-9, 41°12.80’ N, 150°6.162’ E- 41°13.01’ N, 150°05.652’ E; 5245–5262 m, 26 August 2012, leg. Angelika Brandt.

One ♂?, 10.0 mm, SB_10-5E_Oedi10_2015_1, 46°07.410’ N, 152°11.292’ E- 46°07.310’ N, 152°11.537’ E; 4681– 4702 m, 28 July 2015, leg. Marina V. Malyutina.

Two ♂, 8.5–10.6 mm, St. AKL-71-10-7, 46°06.027’ N, 152°14.439’ E- 46°05.827’ N, 152°14.576’ E; 4769–4798 m, 29 July 2015, leg. Marina V. Malyutina.

One immature ♀, 8.5 mm, 85S_Oedi10_2016_1, SO-250–85, 45°02.26’ N, 151°02.14’ E- 45°01.64’ N, 151°03.68’ E; 4903.4–5265.6 m, 15 September 2016, leg. Angelika Brandt.

The registered type material is deposited in the Senckenberg Museum ( SMF; Frankfurt , Germany), and in the National Scientific Center of Marine Biology ( MIMB; Vladivostok , Russia). All the remaining material is kept in the scientific collection of the Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz.

Type locality: Abyssal plain adjacent to the KKT, St. AKL-71-10-7, 46°06.027’ N, 152°14.439’ E- 46°05.827’ N, 152°14.576’ E; 4769–4798 m.

Etymology: The species is named for Krzysztof Leszek (Latin Lescus) Jażdżewski, the first author’s brother.

Description: Based on female, 13.6 mm, St. AKL-71- 10-7. Head ( Fig. 13 ): longer than deep, longer than pereonites 1–3 combined; no eyes or ocular pigment visible; rostrum curved but not deflexed, the angle between head dorsal margin and rostrum margin more than 90 °, rostrum reaching 2/3 of first article of peduncle of antenna 1; interantennal lobe moderate, subtriangular, rounded. Antenna 1 ( Fig. 14 ): shorter than antenna 2; length ratios of peduncle articles 1–3 1:1:0.6, peduncle article 1 dorsally slightly but acutely produced; flagellum 10-articulate; accessory flagellum 1-articulate, minute, slender, half of the length of first flagellum article; peduncular article 1 moderately setose, peduncular articles 2–3 and flagellar articles with sparse setae. Antenna 2 ( Fig. 14 ): peduncle setose (especially article 4); length of article 4 1.5 × article 5; flagellum broken at fourth article. Upper lip (labrum) ( Fig. 14 ): wider than long, rounded apically, with fine setules laterally. Mandible ( Fig. 14 ): incisor margins with five teeth; left lacinia mobilis five-cusped; right lacinia mobilis narrower slightly cuspidate; accessory spine rows with seven serrate setae; molar columnar, strongly triturative, denticulate, with one associated seta; palp 3-articulate, article 1 short, article 2 equal in length to article 3, swollen proximally, with 17–18 posterodistal setae, article 3 slightly tapering distally, anterior margin with two setae, posterior margin with eight to nine setae, apically with two or three setae. Lower lip ( Fig. 14 ): outer lobes broadly rounded, mandibular lobes narrow; inner lobes large, separate. Maxilla 1 ( Fig. 14 ): inner plate oval, with two distal setae; outer plate with nine acute setalteeth (three with bifurcate tips); palp 2-articulate, longer than outer plate, robust, rounded apically, article 1 short, length 0.3 × article 2, article 2 with 13 apical/subapical setae and two long, lateral setae, lateral margin with row of small spines. Maxilla 2 ( Fig. 14 ): plates same width, but inner shorter than outer, inner plate slightly tapering distally, with setae and spines apically and subapically, fine setules along inner and outer margins; outer plate rounded with apical spines and setae, with three moderately long apicolateral setae. Maxilliped ( Fig. 15 ) (outer plate on the left side damaged): inner plate subrectangular, reaching about 0.3 × basal article of palp, apical margin with ten slender spines; outer plate slender and slightly curved, long, reaching 0.4 × length of palp article 2, apical and medial margins with setae and small spines; palp 4-articulate, strong; article 1 slightly tapering distally; article 2 triangular, widest at the midpoint, with strong medial setae; article 3 expanded mediodistally, produced along article 4; article 4 strong, slightly curved; length ratios of articles 1–4 1:1.8:0.8:1.3.

Pereon. Pereonites 1–6 ( Fig. 13 ) of similar length, pereonite 7 distinctly longer. Gnathopod 1 ( Fig. 15 ): coxa subtriangular, anterodistal corner bluntly rounded, posterodistal corner rectangular, ventral margin setose (some moderately long setae preserved and traces of several broken setae), width to depth ratio 1:0.9; basis straight, weakly expanded, distal half of anterior margin with row of long setae, posterior surface setose; merus, posterodistal lobe rounded, strongly setose; carpus strongly expanded, anterior margin setose along distal half, posterior lobe subacute with setae along posterior margin and distal margin; propodus subchelate, triangular, strongly widening distally, anterior margin with several setae, palm as long as hind margin, transverse, strongly convex, margin crenate, with fine denticulations, with medial spines and lateral row of submarginal setules, palmar corner subrectangular with two spines; dactylus curved, as long as palm. Gnathopod 2 ( Fig. 15 ): coxa narrow, slightly tapering distally, width 0.5 × depth, apex rounded, ventral margin with two setae (one broken); basis straight, six thin setae at inner surface of anterior margin, 28 long setae forming circular patch anterodistally, posterior surface with some moderately long and long setae; merus, posterodistal lobe narrow and acute, setose; carpus strongly expanded, wider than propodus, anterior margin with ten setae (some delicately plumose), posterodistal lobe subacute, reaching palmar corner of propodus, distal margin oblique armed with a row of spines, posterior margin with moderately long setae; propodus shorter than carpus, subchelate, triangular, strongly widening distally, anterior margin with seven long setae regularly placed, palm shorter than hind margin, transverse, convex, margin crenate, with fine denticulations, with medial spines and lateral row of submarginal setules, palmar corner subrectangular with two spines; dactylus curved, slightly longer than palm. Pereopod 3 ( Fig. 16 ): coxa subrectangular, wider and deeper than coxa 2, ventral margin with some short setae; basis shorter than coxa, narrow, length 4.2 × width, anterior and posterior margins with some long setae; merus expanded distally, with two groups of setae anteriorly and three groups of setae posteriorly placed; carpus broad, length 1.2 × merus, posteriorly armed with long setae organized in 11 rows; propodus length 0.7 × carpus, with five rows of long setae anterodistally and 13 moderately long setae along posterior margin; dactylus thin, longer than propodus (1.4 × propodus). Pereopod 4 ( Fig. 16 ): coxa wider than deep, anterior margin slightly convex, extending distally, coxa the widest almost at the anteroventral corner, ventral margin armed with small setules, posteroventral lobe huge, blunt, (width to depth ratio of the lobe 1:0.7), posterior margin deeply excavated; basis long and narrow, length 4.7 × width, anterior and posterior margins with long, delicately plumose setae; merus weakly expanded, setose along anterior and posteror margins, a row of 12 long setae at anterodistal corner, a row of seven moderately long setae at posterodistal corner; carpus broad, length 0.8 × merus, 11 setae at anterodistal corner, posterior margin armed with c. 40 setae organized in ten rows; propodus narrow, length 0.8 × carpus, with seven rows of long setae along anterior margin and 9 moderately long setae along posterior margin (in five groups); dactylus stout, longer than propodus (1.5 × propodus). Pereopod 5 ( Fig. 17 ): coxa about as deep as coxa 4, bilobed, posterior lobe expanded ventrally, ventral margin straight with a few small setules, anterior lobe 0.6 × depth of posterior lobe; basis narrow, length 3.2 × width, long, delicately plumose setae at distal quarter of anterior margin (6), at posterior margin (5), and at the surface; merus as long as basis, with four groups of long, delicately plumose setae along anterior margin, four setae at anterodistal corner, four groups of moderately long setae posteriorly; carpus-dactylus broken off. Pereopod 6 ( Fig. 17 ): coxa bilobed but anterior lobe partly damaged, posterior lobe long, distal margin slightly convex; basis narrow, length 3.7 × width, posterior margin with 18 long and moderately long, delicately plumose setae, row of seven long setae at inner surface; merus length 0.7 × basis, five rows of setae anteriorly, four rows of setae posteriorly; carpus narrow, length 0.5 × merus, two rows of setae anteriorly and two rows of setae posteriorly; propodus narrow, length 1.9 × carpus, 14 setae along distal half of anterior margin and eight rows of setae posteriorly; dactylus broken. Pereopod 7 ( Fig. 17 ): coxa wider than deep, rounded posteriorly; basis ovate, length 1.5 × width, tapering distally, anterior margin strongly convex with short setae, proximally minute, triangular scales at the surface, posterior margin slightly oblique in distal half, smooth with two setae and a few setules proximally, posterodistal lobe absent; merus length 1.4 × basis with groups of setae both anteriorly and posteriorly (some setae broken); carpus-propodus broken off.

Pleon. Pleonites 1–2 ( Fig. 13 ) with mid-dorsal, relatively long posteriorly directed teeth; pleonite 3 with short, upright tooth. Epimera: 1 and 3 evenly rounded, epimeron 2 posterior margin convex, posterodistal corner subquadrate. Pleopods [pleopod 2 ( Fig. 18 )]: powerful, peduncles and rami long.

Urosome. Urosomite 1 ( Fig. 13 ) longest; urosomite 3 longer than 2, with short projection above telson. Uropods ( Fig. 18 ): Uropod 1: peduncle length 1.2 × inner ramus, margins with several short setae; inner ramus 1.3 × length of outer ramus, with small setae on both margins; outer ramus with setae on lateral margin only. Uropod 2: shorter than uropod 1, peduncle length 0.9 × inner ramus, with short setae on both margins; inner ramus 1.6 × length of outer ramus, with short setae on both margins; outer ramus with setae on lateral margin only. Uropod 3: peduncle short, peduncle length 0.3 × inner ramus; rami subequal, with traces of setae on lateral margins. Telson: ( Fig. 18 ) short, length 1.5 × width, cleft 30%, lobes subacute, widely diverging, without subapical notches, with terminal setae, with a pair of dorsolateral setae, a few stalked protists (possibly ciliates) attached to the surface.

Intraspecific variation: The development of posterior teeth on pleonites 1–3 varies with size. In juveniles (3.1–7.0 mm) the teeth on pleonites 1–2 are weakly developed; however, the upright tooth on pleonite 3 is conspicuous. On the contrary, in larger individuals the teeth on pleonites 1–2 are distinct, whereas the upright tooth on pleonite 3 is weak. Urosomite 1 in some males is posteriorly slightly protruded forming a small hump (absent in females). Large individuals (both males and females) have urosomite 3 produced into a small subacute tooth over the telson.

Molecular identification: Following the definition given by Pleijel et al. (2008), the sequence of the holotype female of O. lesci (SMF-56780, GenBank accession number MW 377941 ) is designed as a hologenophore of all obtained sequences. The sequences of the paratype and additional individuals of the species are deposited in GenBank with the following accession numbers: MN 346311 , MW 377926 , MW 377928 , MW 377929 , MW 377933 , MW 377936 , MW377938 , MW377940 , MW377946 . The species has received also a Barcode Index Number from BOLD: ADF5684 (dx.doi.org/10.5883/BOLD:ADF568).

Distribution: KKT area ( Fig. 25 ), 4681–5419 m.

Figures

Figure 13. Oedicerina lesci sp. nov. Holotype female (SMF-56780, 10-7S_Oedi_2015_1). A, habitus. B, pleonites 1–3. Scale bar = 1 mm.

Figure 14. Oedicerina lesci sp. nov. Holotype female (SMF-56780, 10-7S_Oedi_2015_1): lA1, left antenna 1; lA2, left antenna 2; lMx1, left maxilla 1; rMx1, right maxilla 1; lMd, left mandible; rMd, right mandible; UL, upper lip; lMx2, left maxilla 2; rMx2, right maxilla 2; LL, lower lip. Scale bar = 0.1 mm, not all setae and spines shown for clarity.

Figure 15. Oedicerina lesci sp. nov. Holotype female (SMF-56780, 10-7S_Oedi_2015_1): Mxp, maxilliped; lG1, left gnathopod 1; lG2, left gnathopod 2. Scale bar = 0.1 mm, not all setae shown for clarity.

Figure 16. Oedicerina lesci sp. nov. Holotype female (SMF-56780, 10-7S_Oedi_2015_1): lP3, left pereopod 3; lP4, left pereopod 4. Scale bar = 0.1 mm, not all setae shown for clarity. The dashed line (long dashes) indicates the place where the appendage was damaged.

Figure 17. Oedicerina lesci sp. nov. Holotype female (SMF-56780, 10-7S_Oedi_2015_1): lP5–lP7, left pereopod 5–7, respectively. Scale bar = 0.1 mm, not all setae shown for clarity. The dashed line (long dashes) indicates place where the appendage was damaged.

Figure 18. Oedicerina lesci sp. nov. Holotype female (SMF-56780, 10-7S_Oedi_2015_1): rpl2, right pleopod 2; lU1–U3, left uropod 1–3, respectively; T, telson. Scale bar = 0.1 mm, not all setae shown for clarity.

Figure 25. Geographic distribution of the Oedicerina species. A, world distribution of all known species. B, the CCZ with the sampling stations shown where O. henrici sp. nov. and O. teresae sp. nov. were collected. C, KKT area with the sampling stations shown where O. lesci sp. nov. and O. claudei sp. nov. were collected. Station codes as in Table 1.