Liriomyza schmidti (Aldrich)

Eiseman, Charles S., Lonsdale, Owen & Feldman, Tracy S., 2019, Nine new species of Agromyzidae from North Carolina, USA, with new host and distribution records for additional species, Zootaxa 4571 (3), pp. 301-333 : 314-315

Liriomyza schmidti (Aldrich)

( Figs. 21–22 , 47–48 )

Material examined. NORTH CAROLINA : Scotland Co. , Laurinburg, St. Andrews University, 14–17.viii.2017, em. ~ 31.viii.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex Gelsemium sempervirens , # CSE4203 , CNC939739–939742 (2♂ 2♀); 21.viii.2017, em. 8.ix.2017, T.S. Feldman, ex Gelsemium sempervirens , # CSE4241 , CNC939748 , CNC939749 (2♂) .

Hosts. Aristolochiaceae : Aristolochia L. ( Spencer 1990), Fabaceae : Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth., Bauhinia purpurea L., Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.; * Gelsemiaceae : Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) W.T. Aiton; Nyctaginaceae : Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. ; Passifloraceae : Passiflora caerulea L.; Smilacaceae : Smilax L. (not reared, but puparia examined) ( Stegmaier 1966; Spencer & Stegmaier 1973). Larvae or empty mines presumed to represent this species have also been found in North Carolina on * Anacardiaceae : Toxicodendron vernix (L.) Kuntze; in Texas on Passiflora *lutea L. ( Hildebrandt 2016); and in Florida on * Alismataceae : Sagittaria lancifolia L.; Apocynaceae : Vinca minor L., * Wrightia antidysenterica (L.) R.Br.; * Araliaceae : Schefflera arboricola (Hayata) Merr. ; Euphorbiaceae : Acalypha hispida Burm. f., Breynia disticha J.R. Forst. & G. Forst. ; Fabaceae : Bauhinia *jenningsii P.Wilson, Crotalaria lanceolata E. Mey. , * Dalbergia ecastaphyllum (L.) Taubert, Erythrina *herbacea L., * Senna quinquangulata (Rich.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby; Nyctaginaceae : * Pisonia aculeata L.; Passifloraceae : Passiflora * biflora Lam. ; * Rhamnaceae : Colubrina elliptica (Sw.) Briz. & Stern; Rubiaceae : Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc., Hamelia patens Jacq. ; * Sapotaceae : Sideroxylon foetidissimum Jacq. ; * Vitaceae : Cissus verticillata (L.) Nicolson & Jarvis; and * Zamiaceae : Zamia pumila L. ( Stegmaier 1966; Spencer & Stegmaier 1973; new records from mines collected or photographed by CSE and TSF). Lower surface mines photographed in Miami, Florida by E. LoPresti (in litt.) on Annona glabra L. ( Annonaceae ) and Passiflora pallida L. also appear to represent L. schmidti .

Leaf mine. ( Figs. 47–48 ) A silvery, epidermal, irregular serpentine mine on the upper leaf surface ( Spencer & Stegmaier 1973).

Puparium. ( Fig. 22 ) Brown; formed outside the mine ( Spencer & Stegmaier 1973).

Distribution. USA: FL, *NC; Bahamas; Costa Rica; Jamaica ( Spencer & Stegmaier 1973). We have found likely L. schmidti mines on Gelsemium sempervirens in South Carolina, and Hildebrandt (2016) photographed mines in Texas as noted above.

Comments. The characteristic epidermal mine of Liriomyza schmidti is highly unusual for North American Agromyzidae ; the only similar agromyzid mine in this region known to us is that of Phytomyza opacae Kulp on Ilex spp. ( Aquifoliaceae ), which differs in having the puparium formed internally. Outside of the USA, this polyphagous species is also recorded from Apocynaceae (Rauvolfia) , Basellaceae (Anredera) , Bignoniaceae ( Clytostoma, Tabebuia ), Convolvulaceae ( Convolvulus, Ipomoea ), Dioscoreaceae (Dioscorea) , Euphorbiaceae (Manihot) , Fabaceae ( Erythrina, Gliricidia ), Petiveriaceae (Rivina) , Phyllanthaceae (Phyllanthus) , Pittosporaceae (Pittosporum) , Solanaceae (Brunfelsia) , Thymelaeaceae (Daphnopsis) , and Zygophyllaceae (Bulnesia) (Benavent- Corai et al. 2005).

Figures

FIGURES 21–25. FIGURES 21–22. Liriomyza schmidti (Aldrich); 21: male; 22: empty puparium. FIGURES 23–24: Liriomyza triodanidis spec. nov.; 23: male; 24: puparium. FIGURE 25: Phytomyza plantaginis Robineau-Desvoidy, female.

FIGURES 41–49. leaf mines; 41: Liriomyza carphephori spec. nov. on Bidens frondosa; 42: same, on Carphephorus bellidifolius, lower suface; 43: same leaf, showing terminal portion on upper surface; 44: L. helianthi Spencer on Chrysogonum virginianum; 45: L. polygalivora spec. nov. on Polygala verticillata, incomplete mines (reflected light); 46: same, leaf completely mined (transmitted light); 47: L. schmidti (Aldrich) on Gelsemium sempervirens, incomplete mine; 48: same, mine covering almost entire leaf surface; 49: L. triodanidis spec. nov. on Triodanis biflora, mine on stem and lower leaf surface.