Innocuonema Inglis, 1969

Venekey, Virag, Gheller, Paula F., Kandratavicius, Noelia, Cunha, Beatriz Pereira, Vilas-Boas, Ana Carolina, Fonseca, Gustavo & Maria, Tatiana F., 2019, The state of the art of Chromadoridae (Nematoda, Chromadorida): a historical review, diagnoses and comments about valid and dubious genera and a list of valid species, Zootaxa 4578 (1), pp. 1-67 : 39

Genus Innocuonema Inglis, 1969

The genus Innocuonema was erected by Inglis (1969) to accommodate Graphonema amokuroides , Graphonema clivosa , Graphonema flaccida and Graphonema tentabunda , since they share a dorsal onchium controlled by a massive development of the dorsal pharyngeal musculature, a posterior pharyngeal bulb and a small gubernaculum. The species I. norwegicum (Allgén, 1932) , I. paraheterophyum (Allgén, 1932) , I. pusillum ( Allgén, 1947) , I. spectabile (Allgén, 1932) and I. suillum ( Allgén, 1947) were considered as species dubia . Graphonema amorukoides was renamed as Innocuonema chilense Inglis, 1969 . Later, I. asymmetricum Blome, 1985 was described and I. chitwoodi ( Wieser, 1954) was considered synonym of I. tentabunda (Blome 1985) . Although the uniqueness of the cuticle and buccal cavity of Innocuonema has been recognized, all the remaining diagnostic characters are shared with Dichromadora and Chromadorita ( Table 3 ) ( Decraemer & Smol 2006 and Tchesunov 2014).

Diagnosis (modified from Tchesunov 2014): Cuticle punctuated and heterogeneous, with no lateral differentiation. Anterior sensilla in three separate circles with four terminal cephalic setae. First circle (inner labial setae) conspicuous in two species [ I. clivosum (Wieser, 1959) and I. flaccidum (Wieser, 1959) ]. Somatic setae present. Amphideal fovea transverse, slit-like. Buccal cavity with a large dorsal tooth. Dorsal apophyses and a tiny ventrosublateral tooth may be present. Peribuccal pharyngeal tissue slight swelling in dorsal. Pharynx with a single posterior bulb. Precloacal supplements absent. Marine.