Hyrmophlaeba articulata ( Philippi, 1865 ), 1936

González, Christian R., Elgueta, Mario, Carvacho, Camila, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura & Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., 2023, A catalog of Nemestrinidae (Diptera: Brachycera: Nemestrinoidea) from Chile, Zootaxa 5360 (2), pp. 151-193 : 164-165

Hyrmophlaeba articulata ( Philippi, 1865)

( Figs. 23–24 )

Hermoneura articulata Philippi, 1865: 660 .

Hermoneura cinerea Philippi, 1865: 660 . Type-locality: Chile, Coquimbo, Illapel, and Colchagua. Refs. Reed, 1888: 290 (cat., Hirmoneura ); Kertész, 1909: 25 (cat., Hermoneura ); Bequaert, 1932: 18 ( Hirmoneura ; syn.); Stuardo, 1932: 74–75 (com., dist., pl. 3, fig. 2, pl. 5, fig. 2 Hirmoneura ).

Hermoneura clinerea Hunter, 1901: 150 (cat.), error.

Holotype. Lost (not found in MNNC), Chile, Colchagua . Neotype. Male ( MCCC), Chile, Manquehue .

Distribution. Argentina. (Catamarca, Mendoza). Chile. Región de Arica y Parinacota: Arica Province (Valle de Lluta). Región de Atacama: Copiapó Province (Copiapó), Huasco Province (Huasco). Región de Coquimbo: Elqui Province (El Pangue, Vicuña), Limarí Province (Corral Quemado, Embalse Recoleta, NP Fray Jorge), Choapa Province (Canela Baja, Hacienda Illapel, Illapel). Región de Valparaíso: Los Andes Province (Guardia Vieja, Río Blanco), Marga Marga Province (Colliguay, Limache, Lliu-Lliu, Los Perales, Paso del Agua, Qda. Alvarado, Villa Alemana), Quillota Province (Boco, Cuesta El Melón), San Antonio Province (Leyda, Santo Domingo), San Felipe Province (Coimas). Valparaíso Province (Cerro El Roble, Colliguay, El Granizo, El Salto, Mantahua, Valparaíso). Región Metropolitana de Santiago:Chacabuco Province(Baños de Colina, Caleu, Colina, San Cristóbal, Manquehue), Cordillera Province (Bocatoma Río Maipo, El Alfalfal, El Canelo, El Manzano, La Obra, Las Vizcachas, Las Melosas, Los Maitenes, Puente El Yeso, Río Colorado, San Alfonso), Santiago Province (Cerro San Cristóbal, Cuesta Lo Prado, Santuario de la Naturaleza Hierba Loca, Farellones, Las Condes, La Ermita, La Florida, Macul, Manquehue, Peñalolén, Pudahuel, Quinta Normal, Villa Paulina). Región de O’Higgins: Cachapoal Province (Machali, Peumo), Colchagua Province (Nancagua, San Fernando, Termas del Flaco). Región del Maule: Curicó Province (El Radal, La Jaula, Los Queñes), Talca Province (Las Mercedes, Altos de Vilches), Cauquenes Province (Tregualemu), Linares Province (Longaví, Parral). Región del Biobío: Biobío Province (Mulchén), Concepción Province (Concepción). Región de La Araucanía: Malleco Province (Angol, Icalma, Nahuelbuta). Región de Aysén: Coyhaique Province (Coyhaique), General Carrera Province (Chile Chico) ( Fig. 25 ). Peru (Lima).

References. Schiner, 1868: 109 (com., Hirmoneura ); Reed, 1888: 290 (cat., Hirmoneura ); Hunter, 1901: 149 (cat., Hermoneura ); Kertész, 1909: 25 (cat., Hermoneura ); Lichtwardt, 1910: 598 ( Hirmoneura ); Claude-Joseph, 1928: 126 (biol.); Bequaert, 1932: 18 ( Hirmoneura (Austrohirmoneura )); Stuardo, 1932: 71–74 (com., biol., pl. 3, fig. 4 Hirmoneura ); Stuardo, 1934a: 197 (biol., Hirmoneura ); Stuardo, 1936: 173 (syn.), 174–176 (com., desc. pupa fig. 14, Hirmoneura ); Stuardo, 1939: 89 ( Hirmoneura ); Stuardo, 1946: 100 (cat., Hirmoneura (Austrohirmoneura )); Papavero, 1968: 3 (cat.); Angulo, 1971: 45 (in key), 56–60 (neo. des., redes., figs. 35 (sper.), 36 (male ter.), 41 (aede.), 131 (dist.) ( Hirmoneura )); Bernardi, 1973: 244 (list, Hirmoneura ); Cekalovic & Artigas, 1974: 240 (cat.); Bernardi, 1977: 241, 255 (n. comb., dist.); Angulo, 1987: 9 (list, Hirmoneuropsis ); Camousseight, 2005: 92 (list); Papavero & Bernardi, 2009a: 6 (cat.); Kosmann et al., 2014: 415 (list).

Comments. Angulo (1971) recorded this species for Azapa valley, near Arica (now included in the Region de Arica y Parinacota Region), and Bernardi (1973: 244) cited it as distributed in Peru and Chile (from Tarapacá to Malleco). We consider this geographic distribution as erroneous, as for this species there is not any record northern to Copiapó (Region de Atacama) in Chile, nor any other record from Peru.

Biology. Adults of this species are predated by Zyzzyx chilensis ( Eschscholtz, 1822) ( Hymenoptera : Crabronidae ), according to Claude-Joseph (1928), and Stuardo (1934).

Figures

FIGURES 25. Distribution map of Hyrmophlaeba anthophila Bernardi, 1977 (yellow circles), Hyrmophlaeba anthracoides (Philippi, 1865) (green circles), and Hyrmophlaeba articulata (Philippi, 1865) (red circles).

FIGURES 19–24. Hyrmophaleba anthracoides (Philippi, 1865): (19) female, dorsal view (photo by Gabriela Germain), (20) male and female mating, (21) frontal view, and (22) dorso-lateral view (photos 22–24 by Matias Cortés); Hyrmophlaeba articulata (Philippi, 1865): (23) dorsal view (photo by Patrick Vyvyan) and (24) male and female mating (photo by Wayman Kong Gallardo).