Hippasteria antiqua, FELL, 1956

Mah, Christopher, Nizinski, Martha & Lundsten, Lonny, 2010, Phylogenetic revision of the Hippasterinae (Goniasteridae; Asteroidea): systematics of deep sea corallivores, including one new genus and three new species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 160 (2), pp. 266-301 : 285

‘ HIPPASTERIA’ ANTIQUA FELL, 1956

Fell, 1956: 11. Occurrence: Fossil taxon. From Senonian (upper Cretaceous) sediments in north Canterbury, New Zealand.

Comments: Based on Fell’s (1956) description of this species, relatively few characters were readily observable from the available specimen. Characters used by Fell (1956) in the description of this specimen that placed it in Hippasteria include larger primary plates with a radial series that are circular in shape in addition to numerous smaller secondary plates scattered throughout and quadrangular marginal plates. These characters are plesiomorphic for the Hippasterinae and are present in stemward taxa, such as Sthenaster , and some Hippasteria spp. Further examination of the fossil and comparison with living taxa is required.

HIPPASTERIA CALIFORNICA FISHER, 1905

FIGURE 6E–G

Fisher, 1905: 310; 1911: 233; HL Clark, 1913: 194; Alton, 1966: 1702; Lambert, 1978b: 62; Maluf, 1988: 34, 118 (as H. californica )

Imaoka et al., 1991: 54 (as Cryptopeltaster lepidonotus )

Occurrence: California , Washington to British Columbia, and Hokkaido, Japan 110–1820 m .

Material examined: USNM 33354 , San Miguel Island, Channel Islands , California. 34°15′N, 120°36′W, 519 m, coll . USFC Albatross , 5.i.1889. (1 dry spec. R = 8.2, r = 4.3) ; USNM E10413 , south-west of mouth of Columbia River , Oregon. 45°52′N, 124° 52′W, 823 m. Coll . R/V Commando , 13.v.1963 (1 dry spec. R = 6.3, r = 3.2) . USNM E 10414 south-west of mouth of Columbia River , Oregon. 45°54′N, 124°55′W. 823 m. Coll . R/V. Commando , 10.xii.1961. (1 dry spec. R = 8.7, r = 3.3) . USNM E 10443 , south-west of mouth of Columbia River , Oregon. 45°54′N, 124°55′W, 823 m. Coll . R/V Commando 10.xii.1961 (1 dry spec. R = 4.2, r = 22) . USNM E 10441 south-west of Columbia River , Oregon. 46°2′N, 124°57′W, 915 m. Coll . R/V Commando 30.v.1964. (1 dry spec. R = 1.9, r = 1.0) . USNM E10442 south-west of mouth of Columbia River , Oregon. 45°55′N, 124°54′W, 732 m. Coll . R/V Commando 5.ix.1964. (1 dry spec. R = 2.9, r = 1.5) .

Figures

Figure 6. Evoplosoma scorpio USNM E23623. A, abactinal surface of disk and arms; B, actinal surface proximal to mouth; C, furrow spines and pedicellariae. USNM E50539; D, actinal intermediate surface region, showing adambulacral and furrow spination; E, adambulacral and furrow spination along actinal arm surface. Scale bars: A = 3 mm; B–E = 2 mm.