Heliophobus reticulata (Goeze, 1781)

Simonyi, Sándor Jenő, Ronkay, László & Gyulai, Péter, 2015, A Revision Of The Genus Heliophobus Boisduval, 1828 (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Hadeninae), Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 61 (2), pp. 147-188 : 151-153

Heliophobus reticulata (Goeze, 1781)

( Figs 1–4 , 55–56; 58–72)

Phalaena reticulata Goeze, 1781 , Entomologische Beyträge zu des Ritter Linné Zwölften Ausgabe desNatursystems 3: 254. Type- locality: nolocalitygiven.

Synonymy:

Phalaenareticulata Villers, 1789, CaroliLinnaeiEntomologica 2: 254 (nom. preocc.). Type- lo- cality: Europe.

Noctua calcatrippae VieWeg, 1790 , Tabellarisches Verzeichniss der in der Churmark Brandenburg einheimischenSchmettlinge 2: 71. Type- locality: [ Germany] Brandenburgregion.

Phalaena saponariae BorkHausen, 1792 , Der Phalaenen zweite Horden, Eulen. Naturgeschichte der Europaischen Schmetterlinge nach Systematischer Ordnung 4: 370. Type- locality: no localitygiven.

Noctua marginosa HaWortH, 1809, Lepidoptera Britannica ; sistens Digestionem novam Insectorum Lepidopterorum quae in Magna Britannia Reperiuntur, Larvarum Pabulo, Temporeque Pascendi; Expansione Alarum; Mensibusque Volandi; Synonymis atque Locis ObservationibusqueVariis 2: 193. Type- locality: England, Norfolk.

Heliophobuslohi Noel, 1906, LeNaturaliste 28: 227. Type- locality: [ France] Doubs.

Heliophobus saponariae hibernica Cockayne, 1944 , Entomologist’s Record and Journal of Variation 56: 55. Type- locality: Ireland, CountyCork. Holotype: male.

Material examined. Hungary. 1 male, Tiszakécske , 23. VI.1962, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slide No. 170 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 1 male, Monorierdő , 15. VI. 2006, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slideNo. 161 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 1 male, Monori- erdő, 28. V.1983, leg. S. J. Simonyi, slide No. 165 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 1 male, Monorierdő , 21. VI.1980, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slide No. 171 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Bu- dapest) ; 1 male, Sóskút, Fundoklia , 3. VI.2000, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slideNo. 162 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 3 males, 1 female, Epöl , 21. V.2009, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slide Nos 330m, 331m, 334m, 325fSJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 2 males, 7 females, Epöl , 19–21. VI.2009, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slide Nos 333m, 455m, 327f, 328f, 329f, 332f, 339f, 404f, 406fSJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 1 female, Bakonykúti , 5.VII.1994, leg. G. Rácz , slideNo. 178 SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 1 male, Bakonykúti , 29. VI.2002 leg. G. Rácz , slideNo. 239 SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 1 male, Vászoly, Öreg-Hegy , 8.VII.1978, leg. S. JSimonyi, slideNo. 166 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. SimonyiBudapest) ; 1 male, Vászoly, Öreg- Hegy , 10. VI.1979, leg. S. J. Simonyi , slideNo. 172 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 1 female, Vászoly , Hűvös- völgy, 3. VI.1983, leg. L. Szécsényi , slideNo. 179 SJ. Simonyi (coll. L. Szécsényi, Budapest) . Romania. 1 male, Transylvania, Balan, 1450 m, PiatraSinguratica , 7–8.VII.1983, leg. Peregovits L. , slide No. 241 SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 1 male, MT Vran- cea, CHeileTisitei, 30. VI.2007, leg. L. Székely , slideNo. 275 SJ. Simonyi (coll. L. Székely, Romania, Sačele) . Switzerland. 1 male, 1 female, Wallis (Simplon) Gabi , 10.VII.1968, leg. J. Wettstein , slide Nos 184m, 185f SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 5 males, Wallis, CHandolin, 2000 m, 10–20.VII.1984, slide Nos 446, 454 SJ. Simonyi, coll. A. Saldaitis (coll. S. J. Simonyi Bu- dapest) ; 1 female, Wallis, Soussillon , 1400 m, 15.VII.1981, slideNo. 456 SJ. Simonyi, coll. A. Saldaitis (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) . Italy. 1 male, 2 females, SoutHTyrol, SesvennaMts , vicinityofMals, 1550–1600 m, betWeenPremajurandLutascHg, 7–10.VII.2004, leg. A. Kun & L. Ronkay , slide Nos 230f, 231f SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) . Montenegro. 1 male, Durmitor Mts, ZmijnicJezero , 6.VII.1958, 1500 m, leg. Dr. Gozmány , slideNo. 192 SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; 1 female, DurmitorMts, ZmijnicJezero , 29. VI.1958, 1500 m, leg. Dr. Gozmány , slideNo. 193 SJ. Simonyi (coll. HNHM) ; Bulgaria. 1 male, Sofia, Kostinbrod , 15.VII.2005, leg. L. Székely , slideNo. 274 S.J. Simonyi (coll. L. SzékelyRomania, Sačele) ; 1 male, CentralBal- kanMts, KaldterskaPlanina , 1700 m, (coll. L. Székely, Romania, Sačele) ; Russia. 2 males, 1 female, S. Russia, Selyavnoe, Donriver, VoronezHdistr. 15–18. VI.1989, leg. A. Belyalov , slide Nos 196m, 225f, 279mSJ. Simonyi (coll. Dr. P. Gyulai, Hungary) ; 3 males, Russia, Baskiria, Alkino , 100 m, 17–18. VI.2001, leg. M. Danilevsky , slide Nos 434, 447, 448 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 2 males, 2 females, S. Ural, Orenburgregion , 5 kmWofDonskoe village, 7–12.VII.2004, leg. V. Višinskas, slideNos 450m, 451m, 453fSJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) ; 2 males, Orenburgregion, Podgornoe , 10 kmW 16–19.VII.2004, leg. V. Višinskas, slideNos 430m, 452mSJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) . Kazakhstan. 1 male, Kustonajreg., Toguzakriver , 170 m, 19. VI.2001, leg. M. Danilevsky , slideNo. 300 S.J. Simonyi (coll. Dr. P. Gyulai, Hungary) ; 1 male, Kustonajreg., Toguzakriver , 170 m, 15. VI.2001 leg. M. Danilevsky , slideNo. 449 SJ. Simonyi (coll. S. J. Simonyi, Budapest) .

Redescription. Wingspan 34–46 mm. HeadbroWnisHgrey, collarcHequeredWitH ligHtanddarkstripes. TegulaebroWnisHgrey, tHeirborderligHtWitHdarkstripe. MetatHo- racictuftbroWnisH-grey, borderedbyWHitisH; abdomenandabdominalridgescoloured bybroWnisH-grey; dorsalcrestWell- developed. ForeWingratHerbroad, broadertHantHe otHerspeciesoftHe reticulata -group; apexsligHtlyrounded; costaalmoststraigHt; outer edgesligHtlyarcuate. GroundcolourviolaceousbroWn, sometimesbroWnisH-greyordark greyWitHviolaceousgloss; costalmargincHequeredbyligHtanddarkspots. VeinsappearastHinWHitisHlines, exceptintHeterminalareaWHeretHeycoveredbydarkbroWn. CrosslinespinkisH-WHitetogreyisH-WHite, definedbydarklines; medianfasciadark broWn, oftenratHerblurred; postmediallineobliquebeloWcell. Orbicularandreniform stigmataencircledbyblackisHandWHitisHlinesandfilledbygroundcolour; reniform stigmaWitHWHitisHinternalstripe; claviformstigmalarge, darkbroWnoutlinedandfilled WitHgroundcolour. SubterminallineWHitisH, mostpartssligHtlyWaved; W-markatmedi- alveinssHarplydefined; arroWHeadspotsdark, long, andsometimesobsolescent. Terminal linefine, pinkisH-ocHreous, folloWedinWardsbyaroWofsmall, dark, flattenedtriangles; fringesstriolatebyligHtanddarkstripes. HindWinggreyisH-WHiteWitHsomeocHreous sHade; veinsandbroadmarginalareacoveredbybroWn; discalspotandtransverseline obsolescentbutdiscernible. TerminallinebroWn; fringespinkisHorocHreous, WitHbroWn- isHstripes. UndersideofforeWinggreyisH-broWn, reniformstigma, crosslineandmarginal areadarkertHangroundcolour. UndersideofHindWingligHter, WHitisH-greyWitHocHre- oussHade; veinsandcostalareasuffusedWitHbroWnisH; discalspot, transverseline, and marginalareadarkened.

Malegenitalia ( Figs 58–69 ). Claspingapparatusalmostsymmetrical, ratHerrobust. UncusmoderatelyWideorslender, spearHead- like, itsapexpointed; fulturainferiorbroad, deltoidal; vinculumV-sHaped. ValvabroadandevenlyarcHedtoWardsnarroWneckof cucullus; sacculusWide, sclerotised, WitHHeavilysclerotised, pointedextension; clavus rougHlyserrated. CostalmarginWitHlarge, moreorlesstriangularsubapicallobe, ventral partofcostalplatefolded. BotHdigitusesreduced, leftoneusuallystrongerandmore developed. Cuculluslarge, broadeneddistallyandroundedterminally, itssHaperatHer variableindividually; coronaWell- developed, coronalsetaerelativelysHort, subapicalarea covereddenselyWitHlongersetae. Aedeagustubular, sligHtlyarcuate; distalendWitH large, flattenedventro- lateralcarinalplateandterminaltHorn. Vesicatubular, sligHtly tapering, usuallyrecurvedtoWardsdorsalendofaedeagus, onlyrarelycoiledmedially. Sclerosetoseareaandrecurvingcostapresent, accessoryribbonlong, tapering, onlyoccasionallyreducedorabsent; distalcornutifieldlong.

Femalegenitalia ( Figs 70–72 ). OvipositorcorrespondstotHe „groundplan” oftHespe- cies- group. Distal, sclerotisedpartofductusbursaeusuallyendsbeforeproximalmembra- nouspart, exceptstrong, medialfold; sclerotisedareamaybecomeWeakertoWardsproximal membranouspartofductusbursae. Appendixbursaemakesonecoil, WitHsligHtsclerotisa- tionatproximalsection; corpusbursaemembranous, rounded, WitHfourroWofsigna.

Bionomics. Heliphobusreticulata inHabitsgrassyplains, andratHer opened, WoodedHillyandmesomontaneareas; intHemoresoutHernpartsof itsrange (soutHfromtHemaincHainoftHeAlpsinFrance, SWitzerland, Italy andSlovenia, Bulgaria, Greece, andNWTurkey) tHespeciesconfinestotHe HigHeraltitudes, upto 2000 melevations. THemotHsareontHeWingfrom tHebeginningofMaytotHeendofJuly. THelarvalfoodplantsarecarnation ( Silene, Melandrium, Lychnis , and Dianthus ) and related species (e.g. Saponaria ).

Distribution. THespeciesisWidespreadinEuropefromtHeBritisHIsles andtHeIberianPeninsulatotHeUralregion; tHereareconfirmedrecordsfrom WesternKazakHstanandBasHkiria. THeeasternpartoftHeareaislessexploredduetotHesmallnumbersoftHeavailablespecimensWitHconfirmed identificationbygenitaliadissections.

Figures

Figs 1–15. 1–4 = Heliophobus reticulata (Goeze, 1781): 1 = male, SWitzerland, Wallis, 2 = male, Bulgaria, C. BalkanMts, 3 = male, Hungary, BudaHills, 4 = female, Romania, Transylvania. 5–8 = H. dalmae Simonyi, 2012: 5 = Holotype, male, Turkey, Prov. Agri, 6 = paratype, female, Turkey, Prov. NevşeHir, 7 = paratype, female, Armenia, 8 = paratype, male, Iran, Prov. Zangan. 9–15 = H. unicolor (AlpHéraky, 1889): 9 = lectotype, male, TienSHan, Kuldja, 10 = male, Tajikistan, W. PamirMts, 11 = female, Tajikistan, DarvazMts, 12 = male, Kyrgyzstan, TransalaiMts, 13 = male, Kyrgyzstan, NTienSHan, 14 = male, KazakHstan, Ketmenrange,

Figs 58–73. Genitalia of Heliophobus species: 58–72 = H. reticulata (Goeze, 1781), 73 = H. unicolor (AlpHéraky, 1889), clasping apparatus of tHe lectotype.