Halosydna leius (Chamberlin, 1919)

Salazar-Silva, Patricia, 2013, Revision of Halosydna Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida: Polychaeta: Polynoidae) from the Tropical Eastern Pacific and Grand Caribbean with descriptions of new species, Journal of Natural History 47 (17 - 18), pp. 1177-1242 : 1199-1203

Halosydna leius (Chamberlin, 1919)

( Figures 11 , 12 )

Lepidonotus leius Chamberlin, 1919a: 4 .

Halosydna johnsoni ( Darboux, 1899) : 246 (partim).

Halosydna leius: Salazar-Silva, 2006: 148 .

Material examined

Holotype ( MCZ 2142) Lepidonotus leius Chamberlin 1919 , Laguna Beach, California, USA, coll. W.A, Hilbaun, dredge, Original locality label says “Laguna Beach Po. 8”. One syntype (LACM-AHF-POLY 1587), San Pedro, California, USA, rocky shore near low water, July 1895, coll. & id. as Polynoe reticulata by H.P. Johnson. One syntype ( LACM-AHF POLY 46), San Diego, California, USA, coll. S.J. Holmes, 25 October 1896, id. as Polynoe reticulata by H.P. Johnson. One syntype ( LACM-AHF POLY 1586), San Pedro, California, USA, rocky shore near low water mark, 9 January 1895, coll. & id. as Polynoe reticulata by H.P. Johnson. One syntype ( LACM-AHF POLY 1592), San Diego County, California, USA, on pilings in bay, 12 July 1895, coll. and id. as Polynoe reticulata by H.P. Johnson.

Additional materials

Pacific, Mexico: one specimen ( LACM-AHF POLY 2388), Santa Rosalía Bay, Baja California, Sur, 29 ◦ 54 ′ 20 ′′ N, 115 ◦ 48 ′ 20 ′′ W, R / V Velero III, station 610-37, 27.43 m, sand and kelp, 28 February 1937, coll. Allan Hancock Foundation, id. as H. parva in Hartman (1939a). One specimen ( LACM-AHF POLY 2389), South Bay, Cedros Island, Baja California, 28 ◦ 04 ′ 45 ′′ N, 115 ◦ 21 ′ 05 ′′ W, 18.2–27.43 m, R / V Velero III, station 287-34, rock along margin of kelp bed, 10 March 1934, coll. Allan Hancock Foundation. One specimen ( LACM-AHF POLY 2443) coll. in oil platform Hidalgo, 10 km southwest of Point Arguello, California, USA, 34 ◦ 29.70 ′ N, 120 ◦ 42.13 ′ W, subtidal, from Mytilus sp. and Corynactis california on support beams, station. HIHF- 008, L. Harris 24 March 2003. One specimen ( ECOSUR P02577), off Villas las Rosas, Ensenada, Baja California, 31 ◦ 52 ′ 19.24 ′′ N, 116 ◦ 40 ′ 43.24 ′′ W, on sea grass roots, 6 March 2004. One specimen in two fragments ( ECOSUR P02578), Villa las Rosas, Ensenada, Baja California, 31 ◦ 52 ′ 19.24 ′′ N, 116 ◦ 40 ′ 43.24 ′′ W, on sea grass roots, 5 March 2004. One specimen ( ECOSUR P02579), Villas las Rosas, Ensenada, Baja California, 31 ◦ 52 ′ 19.24 ′′ N, 116 ◦ 40 ′ 43.24 ′′ W, on sea grass roots, 6 March 2004.

Description

Holotype in good condition, complete; 36 segments, 1.2 cm long, 0.3 cm wide, posteriormost segments regenerating. Prostomium bilobed, wider than long; lobes without cephalic peaks; facial tubercle not examined; two pairs of dark, circular eyes ( Figures 11A , 12A ), anterior pair dorsolateral on widest part of prostomium, posterior pair near posterior margin of prostomium; median antenna with ceratophore inserted frontally on prostomium lobes, style missing; lateral antennae ceratophores inserted terminally as prolongations of prostomium lobes, styles subdistally expanded with ring of pigment, surfaces without papillae. Palps robusts, tapering to filiform tips. Pharynx not everted.

Tentacular segment not visible dorsally; tentaculophores with chaetae; tentacular cirri similar to antennae. Segment 2 slightly projects over prostomium as short rectangular lobe with two small tubercles dorsally ( Figures 11A , 12A ). First pair of elytrophores directed forward, lateral to the tentaculophores.

Body with 18 pairs of elytrophores on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 11, then alternate to 21, 23, 25, 27, 28, 30, 31, 33; three posteriormost segments with dorsal cirri; most elytra detached. First pair of elytra circular ( Figure 11B ) with sparse fringe of short marginal papillae ( Figure 12B ), surfaces with micropapillae, microtubercles and macrotubercles. Microtubercles sclerotized, amber-coloured, conical, abundant over all surfaces. Macrotubercles larger, sclerotized, conical-truncate or distally rounded with rough surface ( Figures 11C , 12C,D ). Elytra in median and posterior segments oval ( Figure 11D–F ), with fringe of short marginal papillae; surfaces granular, with some microtubercles sclerotized, conical, scattered on entire surface, other microtubercles not sclerotized, as vesicles ( Figure 11D–G ); some microtubercles truncate, distally rounded, with rough surfaces.

Notopodia shorter than neuropodia ( Figures 11H , 12E ). Neuropodia distally truncate; protruding acicular tip; prechaetal lobe with small rounded lobe near acicular tip ( Figure 11H ). Dorsal cirri subdistally expanded, tapering to filiform tip. Cirrophores expanded basally ( Figure 12E ). Elytrophores wider than dorsal tubercles. Anus dorsal. Pygidium thick, anal cirri missing.

Notochaetae shorter than neurochaetae; with rows of spines; the shorter curved with blunt tips; remaining notochaetae slender tapering to capillary tips. Neurochaetae with rows of spines on upper region; bidentate tips, the main tooth slightly curved, subdistal tooth smaller ( Figure 12F ). First pair of parapodia with spinous neurochaetae with entire tips.

Remarks

The distribution of H. leius is only known from the type locality. The additional materials examined here are from Ensenada, Baja California, and represent new records of H. leius in the Mexican Pacific. The non-type material shows the following: brownish pigmentation on ceratophores and midventrum; most specimens with elytra having green pigmentation and a black spot near the elytrophores; one specimen with elytra of orange pigment and a small facial tubercle; everted pharynx with nine pairs of papillae and two pairs of maxillae not fused to each other; anus dorsal; pygidium with two long cirri.

The syntypes LACM-AHF POLY 46, LACM-AHF POLY 1586, LACM-AHF POLY 1587 and LACM-AHF POLY 1592 of H. johnsoni correspond to H. leius ( Chamberlin 1919a) .

Type locality

Laguna Beach, California, USA.

Distribution

Known from California, USA (Laguna Beach, San Pedro, San Diego); Baja California, Mexico (Ensenada); Baja California Sur, Mexico (Cedros Island and Santa Rosalia).

Figures

Figure 11. Halosydna leius (Chamberlin, 1919a). Holotype MCZ 2142. (A) Anterior end, dorsal view; (B) first elytron; (C) same, macrotubercles; (D) right elytron from middle segments; (E) left elytron from middle segments; (F) posterior elytron; (G) soft-macrotubercle; (H) parapodium posterior view.

Figure 12. Halosydna leius (Chamberlin, 1919a). Holotype MCZ 2142. (A) Anterior end, dorsal view; (B) elytra fringe; (C, D) first elytron, macrotubercles; (E) parapodia, posterior view; (F) bidentate neurochaetae.