Halanonchinae Wieser & Hopper, 1967

Leduc, Daniel, Zhao, Zeng Qi & Sinniger, Frederic, 2020, Halanonchus scintillatulus sp. nov. from New Zealand and a review of the suborder Trefusiina (Nematoda: Enoplida), European Journal of Taxonomy 661 (661), pp. 1-45 : 19-22

Subfamily Halanonchinae Wieser & Hopper, 1967

Diagnosis (modified from Wieser & Hopper 1967)

Trefusiidae . Cuticle smooth or striated. Three lips, deeply incised in rare cases. Inner labial sensilla papillose or setose, outer labial setae and cephalic setae in separate circles, outer labial setae usually jointed. Amphideal fovea pocket-shaped, elongated, circular or unispiral. Buccal cavity without teeth; either small, funnel-shaped, not cuticularized ( Rhabdocoma ) or large, cylindrical/barrel-shaped with cuticularized walls ( Africanema , Halanonchus ). Male reproductive system diorchic with outstretched testes. Spicules short, arcuate or straight; gubernaculum present or absent, with or without apophyses; papillose precloacal supplements (complex supplements in H. bullatus Gerlach, 1964 ) present or absent. Female reproductive system with single posterior reflexed ovary.

Remarks

This subfamily is not monophyletic according to the SSU consensus tree (see Fig. 1 ). However, it is retained at least for now because Halanonchinae is unique within the Trefusiina in having a female reproductive system with a single posterior ovary.

Figures

Fig. 1. Bayesian tree of the Enoplida (and Triplonchida outgroup) inferred from SSU sequences, aligned using the MUSCLE alignment algorithm and with regions of questionable alignment removed using Gblocks, under the general time-reversible (GTR) + proportion of invariable sites (I) + gamma distribution (G) model. Trefusiina sequences are shown in underlined font, and new Trefusialaimus sequences are highlighted in grey. The five enoplid clades described by Bik et al. (2010) are identified on the right. Posterior probability (left) and bootstrap values (right) are given on corresponding clades. Dashes (-) indicate no support and aserisks (*) indicate <50% support. The scale stands for substitutions per site.