Dianthus recticaulis Ledebour (1842: 287)

Mosyakin, Sergei L. & Fedoronchuk, Mykola M., 2018, Dianthus recticaulis, the correct name for Gypsophila stricta and G. alpina (Petrorhagia alpina) (Caryophyllaceae), Phytotaxa 347 (4), pp. 297-300 : 297-298

Dianthus recticaulis Ledebour (1842: 287) , non Dianthus alpinus Linnaeus (1753: 412) , nec Dianthus strictus Solander

(in Russell 1794: 252), nec Dianthus strictus Smith (in Sibthorp & Smith 1809: 288) ≡ Gypsophila stricta Bunge (in

Ledebour 1829: 4, tab. 5; Bunge in Ledebour et al. 1830: 129, amended description) ≡ Tunica stricta (Bunge) Fischer

& C.A. Meyer (in Fischer et al. 1837: 50) ≡ Dianthus strictiformis Madhani & Zarre (in Madhani et al. 2018: 103),

nom. illeg. superfl.

Type:— KAZAKHSTAN: [East Kazakhstan] “in mont. pr. Krasnojarsk. 12 V, No. 194 [Ledebour]”, LE01035361 (lectotype, designated by Lazkov 2016: 51).

= Gypsophila alpina Hablitz ( Hablizl 1783: 57) ≡ Tunica alpina (Hablitz) Bobrov (1958: 1546) ≡ Petrorhagia alpina (Hablitz) P.W. Ball & Heywood (1964: 145) ≡ Fiedleria alpina (Hablitz) Ovczinnikov (1967: 52) .

Type:— IRAN: [Gilan Province, Rudsar County, Chaboksar District, probably near Javaher Dasht village] “in alpibus Samamisicis” [Kuh-

e Somamus mountain area, most probably collected by C. L. Hablitz, s.n.], LE 00012085 (lectotype, designated by Bobrov 1958: 1546; see also Lazkov 2012: 197; image available from https://plants.jstor.org/stable/viewer/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.le00012085).

Additional notes on typification:— The name Gypsophila stricta was validated not in Ledebour’s Flora Altaica ( Ledebour et al. 1830: 129) but in Ledebour’s Icones Plantarum… ( Ledebour 1829: 4, tab. 5). The type information cited by Madhani et al. (2018: 103) as “ Holotype: Russia, in siccis prope Buchtorminsk et Alexandrowsk, in rupestribus prope pagum Krasnojarsk ad fl. Irtysch, C. F. Ledebour s.n. ( LE 1)” is inaccurate. That cannot be the holotype because the cited information (in fact, incompletely reproduced from Ledebour 1830: 130) refers to at least two collections made in at least two (possibly three) different localities by two collectors, Meyer (in “Buchtorminsk et Alexandrowsk”, now in East Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan) and Ledebour (near Krasnoyarskoe village [also Krasnoyarskiy Fort] on the Irtysh River in eastern Kazakhstan; not near the present-day Russian city of Krasnoyarsk in Siberia!) (see Ledebour et al. 1829 – 1830, 1993). Moreover, the original description of G. stricta was accompanied by the illustration ( Ledebour 1829: tab. 5), and that illustration was also eligible for lectotype selection. The plant was initially reported only from “rupestribus siccis ad fl. Irtysch” ( Ledebour 1829: 4), and the type originated from that area ( Gorshkova 1936: 778, Lazkov 2016: 51).

Madhani et al. (2018: 103), probably following Ghazanfar & Nasir (1986) and/or some other sources, provided the following type information for Gypsophila alpina Hablitz : “ Holotype: [ Russia] Siberia, Irtysh River, gravelly banks, 2000–3000 m, C. L. von Hablitz s.n. ( LE)”. However, that information is totally incorrect. Hablitz never visited the present-day Russian Siberia or northern Kazakhstan ( Lipschitz 1947: 211–212). The new species G. alpina was described by Hablitz ( Hablizl 1783) under dates 23–25 July [of 1774] in a published diary/itinerary of his travel in Gilan ( Persia, now Iran). Bobrov (1958: 1546) and Lazkov (2012: 197) provided the following information on the lectotype (designated by Bobrov, l.c.): “ Lectotypus: «[ГилЯн] in alpibus Samamisicis [ S. G. Gmelin]» ( LE!)”. The geographical information “in alpibus Samamisicis” refers to the mountain area Kuh-e Somamus (Kūh-e Somāmūs) in Gilan Province, northern Iran. However, Gmelin arrived to Bandar-e Anzali (“Enzelli”) in Gilan in autumn 1773 and already on 12 November 1773 Old Style [= 23 November 1773 New Style] started his travel from Bandar-e Anzali to Baku (now Azerbaijan). Thus, the type specimen (with no collector’s name indicated) was collected definitely not by S. G. Gmelin but by Hablitz, who accompanied Gmelin in his second Caspian travel. Hablitz “stayed in Bandar-e Anzali from autumn 1773 until 27 May 1774 OS [= 7 June 1774 NS], when he went via Pir Bazar, Rasht, Lahijan, Langarud, Rudsar and Siahkalarud to the village of Javaher Dasht on the northern slopes of Kuh-e Somamus. He stayed at Javaher Dasht from 28 June to 8 September OS [= 8 July to 19 September NS], returning to Bandar-e Anzali on the same way” ( Mlíkovský 2011: 83; see also Hablizl 1783, Mlíkovský 2008). The dates of the protologue (23–25 July 1774) match perfectly the period of Hablitz’s stay at Javaher Dasht near the slopes of Kuh-e Somamus, where he collected his G. alpina .