Granulatocincta schreibersi ( Hörnes, 1854 ) Harzhauser & Landau & Janssen, 2022

Harzhauser, Mathias, Landau, Bernard & Janssen, Ronald, 2022, The Clavatulidae (Gastropoda, Conoidea) of the Miocene Paratethys Sea with considerations on fossil and extant Clavatulidae genera, Zootaxa 5123 (1), pp. 1-172 : 56-58

Granulatocincta schreibersi ( Hörnes, 1854) nov. comb.

Figs 19A 1 –A 3 , B 1 –B 3 , C 1 –C 3 , D 1 –D 3, 3X , 5 , 6

Pleurotoma Schreibersi Hörnes — Hörnes 1848: 20 [nomen nudum].

* Pleurotoma Schreibersi Hörn. — Hörnes 1854: 343, pl. 37, figs 10–13.

Pleurotoma subscalaris n. f.— Handmann 1882: 266 [nomen dubium].

Pleurotoma Schreibersi — Quenstedt 1884: 627, pl. 201, fig. 56.

Pleurotoma (Clavatula) Schreibersi M. Hoernes — Hoernes & Auinger 1891: 350, pl. 43, figs 10a–b, pl. 46, figs 20–21.

Pleurotoma (Clavatula) granulato-cincta Münst. — Hoernes&Auinger 1891:353 (partim), pl.43, figs 11a–b [non Granulatocincta granulatocincta (Münster in Goldfuss, 1841)].

[ Pleurotoma ] Schreibersi Hörn.— Rosiwal 1894: 84.

Pleurotoma Schreibersi Hörnes — Friedberg 1912: 194, text-fig. 47.

Clavatula Schreibersi Hörnes — Friedberg 1938: 143.

Clavatula schreibersi (Hö.) — Sieber 1953: 188.

Clavatula schreibersi M. Hörnes — Csepreghy-Meznerics 1954: 50, pl. 6, figs 24–27.

C [lavatula]. (C [lavatula]) schreibersi (Hörn) — Sieber 1958a: 157.

Clavatula (C.) schreibersi (Hörn.) — Sieber 1958b: 150.

Clavatula (Clavatula) schreibersi (M. Hoernes) - Švagrovský 1958: 14, pl. 3, figs 7–9.

Clavatula schreibersi Hörnes , sp. 1856— Glibert 1960: 40.

? Clavatula schreibersi Hörnes, (1848) 1856 — Strausz 1966: 409, pl. 16, figs 5–7.

[ Clavatula ] schreibersi (Hoernes, 1856) — Powell 1966: 56.

Clavatula schreibersi (M. Hoernes, 1856) — Zelinskaya et al. 1968: 221.

Clavatula (Clavatula) schreibersi (Hörnes) — Schultz 1998: 74, pl. 30, fig. 2.

Clavatula schreibersi (Hörnes, 1856) —Harzhauser 2002: 118, pl. 10, fig. 16.

Clavatula schreibersi ( Hörnes, 1854) — Kovács & Vicián 2021: 143, pl. 2, figs 8–9.

Clavatula (Clavatula) granulatocincta (Münster in Goldfuss, 1840)— Bošnjak et al. 2021: 228, figs 3I–J [non Granulatocincta granulatocincta (Münster in Goldfuss, 1841)].

non Clavatula Schreibersi ? Hörnes— Montanaro 1937: 130, pl. 5, fig. 59 [related to the Olegia brigittae and allies].

non Clavatula schreibersi Hoernes — Ionesi & Nicorici 1994: 60, pl. 3, figs 23–24 [unidentifiable from picture].

non Clavatula schreibersi (Hoernes) — Jovanović et al. 2020: 15, figs 5a–b [? undescribed Clavatulidae species].

Type material. Lectotype designated herein: NHMW 1846 /0037/0315, SL: 45.5 mm, MD: 19.8 mm, Steinebrunn ( Austria), illustrated in Hörnes (1854, pl. 37, figs 10a–c), figs 19A 1 –A 3 . Paralectotype: NHMW 2021 /0130/0001, SL: 40.3 mm , MD: 16.5 mm, Enzesfeld ( Austria) , illustrated in Hörnes (1854, pl. 37, figs 11a–b, figs 19B 1 –B 3; NHMW 1846 /0037/0317, Vienna / Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria) , illustrated in Hörnes (1854, pl. 37, figs 12a–b); NHMW 1846 /0037/0316, Gainfarn ( Austria) , illustrated in Hörnes (1854, pl. 37, figs 13a–b); NHMW 1855 /0045/0485, 12 spec., Enzesfeld ( Austria) . NHMW1997 z0178/1133, Bad Vöslau ( Austria) , SL: 28.5 mm, MD: 10.9 mm, Fig. 3X .

Illustrated material. NHMW 1863/0015/1131, SL: 38.9 mm, MD: 17.0 mm, Gainfarn ( Austria), illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 46, fig. 21), figs 19C 1 –C3; NHMW 2021/0126/0007, SL: 42.3 mm, MD: 18.4 mm, Gainfarn ( Austria), figs 19D 1 –D 3.

Additional studied material. NHMW 1864 /0001/0150, Möllersdorf ( Austria) , illustrated in Hoernes &Auinger (1891, pl. 46, fig. 20); NHMW 1863 /0015/1131, Mikulov (the Czech Republic) , illustrated in Hoernes & Auinger (1891, pl. 43, figs 10a–b); NHMW2000 z0001/0034, Stetten ( Austria) , illustrated in Harzhauser (2002, pl. 10, fig. 16); NHMW 1997 z0178/1454, 25 spec., Gainfarn ( Austria) . NHMW 2013 /0078/0425, 1 spec., Baden ( Austria) ; NHMW 2013 /0078/0422, 5 spec., Baden ( Austria) ; NHMW 1997 z0178/1133, 22 spec., Bad Vöslau ( Austria) ; NHMW 1863 /0015/0497, 1 spec., Forchtenau ( Austria) ; NHMW 2021 /0131/0001, 2 spec., Bad Vöslau ( Austria) ; NHMW 1866 /0040/0310, 2 spec., Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) .

Revised description. Shell moderately large, solid, broad fusiform with weakly gradate and coronate spire; apical angle 40–45°. Protoconch not preserved. Teleoconch of up to ten whorls. Early teleoconch whorls flatsided with tripartite sculpture; three spiral rows of beads, central row smallest. On the fourth to fifth whorl profile becomes subcylindrical, sculpture changes gradually; adapical spiral beads become swollen subsutural collar with low, wide-spaced, triangular, spiny tubercles, middle row beads disappear, and mid-portion becomes concave, suprasutural beads broaden into poorly defined, wide-spaced tubercles. Entire surface covered by narrow, low spiral cords separated by shallow grooves. Suture narrowly impressed. Last whorl 60% of total height, barrel-shaped. Subsutural collar poorly delimited, bearing 14–16 low spines. Subsutural ramp broad, weakly concave, delimited by weak shoulder cord placed at level of insertion of outer lip, bearing small to mid-size rounded tubercles. Convex below shoulder, moderately constricted at base. Siphonal fasciole indistinct, weakly rounded, forming well-defined pseudumbilical chink. Sculpture below ramp with tubercular shoulder cord and strengthened tubercular to smooth peribasal, mid-basal and perifasciolar cords, with irregular secondary cords intercalated. Spiral sculpture made faintly granulose by axial growth lines in some specimens, but not beaded. Aperture moderately wide, ovate. Outer lip not thickened, smooth within. Anal sinus moderately shallow and wide, symmetrically V-shaped, with apex mid-ramp. Siphonal canal moderately short, shallowly notched at tip. Columella strongly excavated in upper third, straight below, moderately twisted to the left, smooth. Columellar and parietal callus thickened, sharply delimited, forming broad callus rim.

Discussion. This species is quite variable concerning its sculpture, but is well characterized by its fusiform outline, subcylindric whorls, and wide-spaced spines on the subsutural collar. Granulatocincta schreibersi ( Hörnes, 1854) is reminiscent of Granulatocincta granulatocincta (Münster in Goldfuss, 1841) and develops a similar sculpture, but differs in its more fusiform shape, the absence of well-defined beads on the spiral cords, although the cords can be granular, and it lacks lirae inside the aperture. On average, G. schreibersi is smaller and has a shorter spire. A specimen from the Tortonian of Italy, doubtfully identified by Montanaro (1937) as C. schreibersi is clearly unrelated to the Paratethyan species and lacks spiral cords and spines.

Handmann (1882: 266) described Pleurotoma subscalaris as new species based on a single specimen from Gainfarn ( Austria). From the description, he seems to have had a specimen of G. schreibersi at hand with marked central concavity. The holotype of P. subscalaris was probably stored in the Kollegium Kalksburg in Vienna, a Catholic private school, but cannot be found. Therefore, we consider Pleurotoma subscalaris Handmann, 1882 junior subjective synonym of G. schreibersi ( Hörnes, 1854) herein.

Paleoenvironment. The common occurrence at Gainfarn and Enzesfeld suggests a preference for inner neritic environments with sea grass meadows ( Zuschin et al. 2007).

Distribution in Central Paratethys. Karpatian (early Miocene): Korneuburg Basin: Stetten ( Austria) (Harzhauser 2002, 2003); Badenian (middle Miocene): Ukrainian Fore-Carpathian Basin: Pohorce, Zborów(Zboriv) ( Ukraine) ( Friedberg 1912); Vienna Basin: Bad Vöslau, Baden, Enzesfeld, Gainfarn, Möllersdorf, Steinebrunn, Vienna /Pötzleinsdorf ( Austria) ( Hoernes & Auinger 1891; Rosiwal 1894; Sieber 1953, 1958b); Mikulov (the Czech Republic) ( Hoernes & Auinger 1891; Švagrovský 1958); Eisenstadt-Sopron Basin: Forchtenau ( Austria) (hoc opus); Oberpullendorf Basin: Ritzing ( Austria) ( Hoernes & Auinger 1891); Pannonian Basin: Letkés, Szob, Mátraverebély ( Hungary) (? Strausz 1966; Kovács & Vicián 2021); Făget Basin: Lăpugiu de Sus ( Romania) (hoc opus).

Figures

FIGURE 1. A. Map of central and south–eastern Europe, representing the area that was partly covered by the Central Paratethys Sea. The white insert corresponds to the area that is restored in the palaeogeographic map below. B. Paleogeography of the Middle Miocene Paratethys Sea showing the most important sedimentary basins (NAFB: North Alpine Foreland Basin, E.-Sopr B: Eisenstadt–Sopron Basin).

FIGURE 3. Early teleoconch whorls of extant and fossil Clavatulidae species. A. Clavatula regia (Röding, 1798), NHMW 1683 6/28, West Africa. B. Clavatula rubrifasciata (Reeve, 1845), NHMW 10203, Gorée (Senegal). C. ‘Clavatula’ diadema (Kiener, 1839), NHMW 1884/0010/0023, Gorée (Senegal). D. ‘Clavatula’ mystica (Reeve, 1843), MNHN-IM-2013-59897, Est de l'ile de Gorée (Senegal). E. ‘Clavatula’ bimarginata (Lamarck, 1822), MNHN-IM-2013-43369, Dakar (Senegal). F. ‘Clavatula’ pyramidata (Kiener, 1839), MNHN-IM-2009-24982, Baie de Pointe-Noire (Republique du Congo). G. Clavatula sorini nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1874/0025/0046, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). H. ‘Clavatula’ romana (Defrance, 1826), NHMW 1999/0098/0004, Modra-Kráľová (Slovakia). I. ‘Clavatula’ interrupta (Brocchi, 1814), NHMW 1861/0033/0420, Buituri (Romania). J. ‘Clavatula’ hirmetzli Kovács & Vicián, 2021, NHMW 1868/0001/0069, Baden-Sooss (Austria). K. ‘Clavatula’ irisae nov. sp., NHMW 2021/0126/0001, holotype, Gainfarn (Austria). L. ‘Clavatula’ sophiae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 2021/0127/0001, Enzesfeld (Austria). M. ‘Clavatula’ veronicae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0043/0044b, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). N. ‘Clavatula’ santhai Kovács & Vicián, 2021, holotype, HNHM, PAL 2021.20.1, Letkés (Hungary).O. ‘Clavatula’ camillae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0042, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). P. Megaclavatula amaliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), lectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0049, Lăpugiu de Sus (Romania). Q. Megaclavatula grunerti nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2021/0127/0003, Enzesfeld (Austria). R. Megaclavatula laevigata (Eichwald, 1830), NHMW 1853/0038/0035a, Korytnica (Poland). S. Megaclavatula pilleri nov. sp., holotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0051a, Baden-Sooss (Austria). T. Megaclavatula polonica (Pusch, 1837), NHMW 1862/0001/0324, Bad Vöslau (Austria).U. Granulatocincta angelae (Hoernes &Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0099, Möllersdorf (Austria). V. Granulatocincta granulatocincta (Münster in Goldfuss, 1841), NHMW 1846/0028/0009, Enzesfeld (Austria). W. Granulatocincta nataliae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), NHMW 1855/0035/0021, holotype, Belgrade/Rakovica (Serbia). X. Granulatocincta schreibersi (Hörnes, 1854), paralectotype, NHMW1997z0178/1133, Bad Vöslau (Austria).Y. Granulatocincta callim nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2021/0128/0001, Bad Sauerbrunn (Austria). Z. Granulatocincta contorta (Švagrovský, 1958), holotype, SNMB Z 3076, Kuzmice (Slovakia), Aa. Granulatocincta theoderichi nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2016/0026/0320b, Ritzing (Austria). Ab. Olegia doderleini (Hörnes, 1854), paralectotype, NHMW 1858/0015/0147, Wiesen (Austria). Ac. Olegia mandici nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1872/0031/0008a, Bekića vrelo, Čremušnica at Donji Kirin (Croatia). Ae. Olegia dorotheae (Hoernes & Auinger, 1891), paralectotype, NHMW 1949/0005/0040, Kleinebersdorf (Austria). Scale bar is 5 mm for all specimens except for Granulatocincta contorta, Olegia doderleini and O. mandici.

FIGURE 5. Anal sinus morphology of Paratethyan Clavatulidae.

FIGURE 6. Apertures of Paratethyan Clavatulidae (C. = Clavatula, ‘C.’ = ‘Clavatula’, G. = Granulatocincta, M. = Megaclavaltula, O. = Olegia).

FIGURE 19 A1–A3. Granulatocincta schreibersi (Hörnes, 1854), lectotype, NHMW 1846/0037/0315, Steinebrunn (Austria). B1–B3. Granulatocincta schreibersi (Hörnes, 1854), paralectotype, NHMW 2021/0130/0001, Enzesfeld (Austria). C1–C3. Granulatocincta schreibersi (Hörnes, 1854), NHMW 1863/0015/1131, Gainfarn (Austria). D1–D3. Granulatocincta schreibersi (Hörnes, 1854), NHMW 2021/0126/0007, Gainfarn (Austria). E1–E3. Granulatocincta theoderichi nov. sp., holotype, NHMW 2016/0026/0320, Ritzing (Austria). F1–F3. Granulatocincta theoderichi nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 2016/0026/0320b, Ritzing (Austria). G1–G3. Granulatocincta theoderichi nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1848/0003/0022a, Ritzing (Austria). H1–H3. Granulatocincta theoderichi nov. sp., paratype, NHMW 1848/0003/0022b, Ritzing (Austria).