Glaphyrosoma huasteca, Cadena-Castañeda & Weissman, 2020

Cadena-Castañeda, Oscar J. & Weissman, David B., 2020, Review of Glaphyrosoma (Orthoptera: Stenopelmatoidea: Anostostomatidae) including new species and biological information, Zootaxa 4779 (1), pp. 1-37 : 16-22

Glaphyrosoma huasteca n. sp.

( Figures 11–16 , Map 1)

http://lsid.speciesfile.org/urn:lsid: Orthoptera .speciesfile.org:TaxonName:509373

Holotype. ♂ (in alcohol) Mexico, Tamaulipas, 10 Km N of Altamira on road to Lomas del Real ; 10 m., 8 June 1999. D.B. Weissman, V. F. Lee (D.B. Weissman Stop # 99-47) (F954 Killed 9/21) CASENT 9077209 ( CAS). CAS Entomology type # 19281 ( CAS).

Paratypes. 3♂. 4♀. Same data as holotype but different codes . ♂. ( R99-22 killed 9/19) . ♂. CASENT 9080316 . ♀. (Adult molt 9/23), CASENT 9077206 . ♀. (F953), CASENT 9077210 . ( CAS) ♂. ( R99-24 Killed 9/21, F955), CASENT 9077211 . ♀. (F952), CASENT 9077207 . ♀. (F956), CASENT 9077208 ( CAUD) .

Description. Male. Body larger for genus, shiny and more or less transversally striped ( Figs. 11A , 15A ): head and majority of tergites dark brown but with lower half of frons ( Fig. 11B ), five narrow longitudinal brown to dark brown stripes on dorsum, pronotum with dark brown disc and light brown lateral lobes, each lobe with dark brown stripe along anterior edge and with brown band along posterior edge ( Figs. 11C, D ); rest of body yellowish with light brown to brown most part of outer surface of hind femur, dark brown small marks in region of femur-tibia articulation of hind leg and partly yellowish scape ( Fig. 11A ). Head rounded, and almost 2.5 times as wide as space between antennal cavities; latter space almost three times as wide as scape; ocelli round, almost equal to each other in size, and as wide as pedicel ( Fig. 11B ). Femora without small inner apical spinule. Middle tibia with four ventral spines on each ventral margin. Hind femur with four transversal main pegs rows with few spinules ( Fig. 11E ), hind tibia with ten spines in the dorsal outer and inner margin. First two abdominal tergites with stridulation pegs smaller than the pegs of the others species, very close together; third abdominal tergite with separate peg patch, but less dense than patches on first two tergites ( Fig. 11D ). Posterior edge of the ninth tergite with a medium notch, partially dividing into two lobes, prolonged and covering the last abdominal tergite ( Fig. 11F ). Tenth tergite hooks, robust and conspicuous with the sclerotized apices ( Figs. 11G, H ). Epiproct with rounded posterior edge; each paraproct cylindrical, elongated, curving upwards from the base, with the rounded apex and without spinula, and with a membranous fold, which stretches on the dorsal edge, from the first basal third to near the apex ( Fig. 11I ). Subgenital plate wider than long, conical styles, posteromedian notch shallow and U-shaped ( Fig. 11J ).

Female. Similar to the male in shape and coloration ( Figs. 12A, B, C, D , 15B ). Hind femur with four to five transversal main pegs rows with few spinules, on inner side near to base ( Fig. 12E ). First two abdominal tergites with pegs as the male’s, but occupying less area than in the male’s tergites, third abdominal tergite, with few pegs ( Fig. 12D ). Tenth tergite slightly divided dorsally, paraprocts without specialization and ovoid; subgenital plate triangular as wide as long, without the projected apex ( Fig. 12F ). Ovipositor gradually curving upwards from the base, apex slightly sharpened, valves without denticulations or depressions along the margins ( Fig. 12G ).

Variation. Apart from size, some specimens, have conspicuous brown stripes covering the dorsum of the body, in contrast to other specimens where the stripes are narrower and the rest of the body is more yellowish.

Measurements (in mm.). Holotype: LB: 27. Pr: 6.5. HF: 16. HT: 1. Paratypes: Male / Female: LB: 25–30/23– 31. Pr: 5.5–6.5/6–7. HF: 15–17/15–16. HT: 13–15.5/12–16. Ov: 10–12.

Etymology. Named in honor of the Huasteca region, where this species was collected.

Comparision. In appearance and coloration, this species is similar to G. tamaulipas , although G. huasteca n. sp. is slightly larger. Both species are indistinguishable until examining the terminalia structures. G. tamaulipas paraprocts are robust, have no folds and are armed with an apical spine. In contrast, the new species has slender, elongated and significantly curved paraprocts, in addition to lacking the dorsal spinula. The subgenital plate also varies between species: in G. tamaulipas , the posteromedian notch is constricted and moderately deep; for the new species, the posteromedian notch is shallow. The brown stripes of G. huasteca n. sp. are more conspicuous than in G. tamaulipas .

Habitat. fields of scrub vegetation and grasses with very sandy substrate in places. Oatmeal put out at 23:30 after late arrival, walked at 00:15 and collected type series.

All specimens collected as late instars and raised to adult in laboratory. Molt to adults from early August to mid-September, 1999.

Drum. R99-22 & R99-24. ( Figs. 13 , 14 ). Male R99-22 drummed at 38.5–43.5 drums/s at 21.5°C with series of 15–18 drums in length ( Fig. 13 ). Male R99-24 drummed at 29.9–31 drums/s at 18.5°C. In the first male, there were 2–3 slow drums before the rapid series while the second male, in 5 of 16 series, had only 1 drum immediately before the fast series ( Fig. 14 ).

Karyotype. T99-4, 5, & 8. All with 2n ♂ = 29. Two cells from T99-44 presented: the largest pair of autosomes are metacentric while autosomal pairs 2 through 14 are all rod shaped. The largest chromosome is the single metacentric X ( Fig. 16 ).

DNA. F953 maps ( Fig. 2 ) in Vandergast et al. (2017) closest to G. brevivaginalis .

MAP 1. Geographical distribution of the Mexicanum Group

Figures

FIGURE 2. Clade C, modified from Vandergast et al., 2017 (figure 2), included Glaphyrosomatinae n. stat. taxa. Majority rule Bayesian concatenated gene tree. Black dots demarcate nodes with posterior probability values> 0.95.

FIGURE 11. Glaphyrosoma huasteca n. sp. (Male from Tamaulipas). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Frons. C. Head and pronotum in lateral view. D. Abdomen pegs detail. E. Hind femur pegs detail. F–J. Terminalia in dorsal, axial, lateral, paraproct detail and ventral view.

FIGURE 12. Glaphyrosoma huasteca n. sp. (Female from Tamaulipas). A. Habitus in lateral view. B. Frons. C. Head and pronotum in lateral view. D. Abdomen pegs detail. E. Hind femur pegs detail. F. Subgenital plate. G. Ovipositor in lateral view.

FIGURE 13. Glaphyrosoma huasteca n. sp. drums (R99-22). A. Seven seconds B. 0.6 seconds.

FIGURE 14. Glaphyrosoma huasteca n. sp. drums (R99-24). A. Six seconds B. 0.8 seconds.

FIGURE 15. Glaphyrosoma huasteca n. sp. live specimens. A. male. B. female.

FIGURE 16. Glaphyrosoma huasteca n. sp. karyotype.