Geometra glaucaria Ménétriès, 1858

Han, H-X., Galsworthy, A. C. & Xue, D-Y., 2009, A survey of the genus Geometra Linnaeus (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Geometrinae), Journal of Natural History 43 (13 - 14), pp. 885-922 : 916-918

Geometra glaucaria Ménétriès, 1858 ( Figure 1P )

Geometra glaucaria Ménétriès, 1858 , Bulletin de la Classe Physico-Mathématique de l’Académie Impériale des Sciences de St-Pétersbourg, 17(12–14):220 (see note under the entry for papilionaria ). Syntype (s), [ Russia]: Siberia (eastern), Ussuri.

Geometra usitata Butler, 1878 , Illust typical Specimens Lepid Heterocera Colln Br Mus 2:ix, 49, pl. 36, fig. 3. Syntype (s), [ Japan]: Yokohama. (BMNH)

Hipparchus glaucaria: Prout, 1912 , in Wytsman, Genera Insectorum 129:72.

Description

Antennae in male bipectinate, the longest ramus about 1.5 times diameter of flagellum. Frons with upper one-third brown, basal two-thirds white. Labial palpus brown, segment 3 slightly elongated in female. Vertex white. Dorsal side of thorax and abdomen pale greenish white. Hind tibia dilated, with hair-pencil and short terminal extension.

Wing pattern. Length of forewing „ 24–26 mm; ♀ 25–28 mm. Wings bluish green. Both fore- and hindwings with outer margin smooth, slightly incurved between M 1 and M 3 on hindwing; apex of forewing slightly falcate. Forewing with antemedial line white, oblique and straight; postmedial line white, slightly sinuate, bending inwards near costa, expanded and bent inward between CuA 1 and CuA 2; both lines forming a white patch on costa. Postmedial line on hindwing white and gradually narrower towards inner margin, curved and bending outwards near costa. Submarginal line indistinct, white, irregularly sinuate, more distinct on hindwing. Fringes white. Discal spot invisible. Underside extensively washed whitish: anterior part of forewing green, area below CuA 1 to inner margin white, greener near outer margin; lines on upperside visible but indistinct. Hindwing mainly white with a greenish fascia outside the clearly discernible upperside postmedial line, and a green band, tapered towards inner margin, inside submarginal line. Submarginal line white, more distinct than on upperside.

Male genitalia ( Figures 2P , 3P ). Uncus represented by a slight curve in the tegumen. Socii developed, long, slightly sclerotized. Gnathos with median process broad and spinulose at end. Valva asymmetric, lower margin expanded near middle (left) and subapically (right), apex blunt. Sacculus asymmetric, on left long, spinulose and with short setae; on right, a simple sclerotized band, less than half the length of that on the left. Saccus not extended. Coremata present. Aedeagus stout, posterior half scerotized, tapered at tip, but blunt.

Segment 8 ( Figure 5P ) with tergite extended at centre into a broadly curved projection and slightly sclerotized, sternite sclerotized, with a small curved concavity at middle.

Female genitalia ( Figure 4O ). Similar to those in papilionaria group. Ovipositor slender. Sclerotized area present around ostium. Ductus bursae very short, sclerotized, with V-shaped antrum. Corpus bursae large, membranous, broader towards anterior end, wrinkled posteriorly; signum tiny, bicornute, located near middle of corpus bursae. Sternite 8 wrinkled.

Host

Fagaceae : Quercus (from Scoble 1999)

Materials examined

1 „ 1♀, Heilongjiang: Yichun Dailing, 6–17 July 1957; 2 „, Heilongjiang: Yichun Dailing, 390 m, 4–9 July 1962, coll. Bai Jiuwei; 1 „, same locality, 25 July 1959 ; 6 „, Jilin: Changbaishan, 2–3 July 1982, coll. Zhang Baolin; 1 „, Liaoning: Linjianghuapihe , 12 August 1954 ; 1♀, Inner Mongolia: Dayangshu , 6 July 1985 ; 8 „, Beijing: Mentougou Liyuanling, 22 June 2001, coll. Xue Dayong; 2 „, Beijing: Mentougou Xiaolongmen , 23 June 2001, coll. Xue Dayong ; 1 „, Shaanxi: Liuba Miaotaizi, 1470 m, 1 July 1999, coll. He Tongli; 3 „, Shaanxi: Ningshan Huoditang , 1580–1650 m, 25–26 June 1999, coll. Yuan Decheng ; 1♀, same locality, 25 July 1979, coll. Han Yinheng ; 1♀, Shaanxi: Huangbaiyuan , 13 July 1980, coll. Han Yinheng ; 1 „ 1♀, Gansu: Yongdeng Tulugou , 2280 m, 15 June 1992; 1 „ 2♀, Gansu: Kangxian qinghelinchang, 1400 m, 7–8 July 1999, coll. Yao Jian ; 1♀, Gansu: Zhouqu Shatanlinchang , 2350 m, 4 July 1998, coll. Yao Jian ; 2 „, Hubei: Xingshan Longmenhe , 1280–1350 m, 14–23 June 1993, coll. Li Wenzhu, Huang Runzhi, Yao Jian.

BMNH: 1♀, Oiwake, 1885, coll. H.Prver. Leech Coll. 1900-64; 1♀, syntype of usitata , Japan, 77.9 [Yokohama] ( Geometra usitata Butler type; red type label); 1♀, Marva, S. Ussurigebiet, 25 July 1921, N. Kardakoff, Joicey Bequest, B.M.1934-120; 3 „, Anutshino, So. Ussuri, June 1908, 100 km from Nikolsk, Rothschild Bequest, B.M.1939-1; 1 „, Tjutju-ho, 400 km north of Wladiwostock, July 1909 (W. Mau.), Rothschild Bequest, B.M.1939-1; 1 „, Tsekou, Père Ouvrard, 1914, Ex. Oberthür Coll. B.M.1927-3; 2 „, Thibet, Tsekou, R.P. Dubernard, Ex. Oberthür Coll. B.M.1927-3; 1 „, Amur, 97-265; 1 „, Mandschourie, Sidemi, 1907, Dr A. Moltrecht; 1 „, Gifu, 17 June 1932, K. Fujimatru; 1♀, Yoshino, prov. Yamato, Honshu, 30 June 1900, A.E.Wileman, Wileman Coll. B.M.1929-261.

ZFMK: 1 „, Murayama, Tokyo, 14 June 1956, S. Norura; 4 m, Sutschanski Rudnik, Wladiwostock occ. Juli, Ussuri; 1 „, Amur; 1 „, Amur, 1882; 1 „, Anouschino, Sud-Ussuri, 120 kil. ostl, Von Nikolsk, July 1908, Dr Moltrecht; 1 „, Mandschourie, Sidemi, Dr a. Moltrecht, 1907; 1 „, Mien-shan (Prov. Shansi), Obere Höhe ca. 2000 m, 8 July 1937, H. Höne; 1 „, ibidem, 7 July 1937; 1 „, Tapaishan in Tsinling, Sued-Shensi. ca. 3000 m, 16 June 1936, H. Höne; 1 „, Thibet, Tsekou, R.P. Dubernard; 1 „, Siao-Lou, Chasseurs Indigènes du P. Déjean, 1903.

ZSM: 1♀, Russia S.R, Vladivostok dist. 20, Nachodla, 07.94, leg. Kuzneoov.

Distribution

China (Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan) , Japan, Korea, Russia (Amur, Ussuri, Vladivostock) .

Figures

Figure 1. Adults of Geometra. (A) G. papilionaria, „; (B) G. symaria, „; (C) G. albovenaria, „; (D) G. valida, „; (E) G. euryagyia, „; (F) G. dieckmanni, „; (G) G. sponsaria, „; (H) G. ussuriensis, „; (I) G. neovalida sp. nov. „, holotype; (J) G. flavifrontaria, „; (K) G. purissima, „, holotype; (L) G. smaragdus, „; (M) G. fragilis, „, syntype; (N) G. sinoisaria, „, syntype; (O) G. burmensis sp. nov., „, holotype; (P) G. glaucaria, „; (Q) G. rana, „; (R) G. sigaria, „, syntype. Scale bar 10 mm.

Figure 2. Male genitalia of Geometra. (A) G. papilionaria; (B) G. symaria; (C) G. albovenaria; (D) G. valida; (E) G. euryagyia; (F) G. dieckmanni; (G) G. sponsaria; (H) G. ussuriensis; (I) G.

Figure 3. Aedeagus of Geometra. (A) G. papilionaria; (B) G. symaria; (C) G. albovenaria; (D) G. valida; (E) G. euryagyia; (F) G. dieckmanni; (G) G. sponsaria; (H) G. ussuriensis; (I) G. neovalida sp. nov.; (J) G. flavifrontaria; (K) G. purissima; (L) G. smaragdus; (M) G. fragilis; (N) G. sinoisaria; (O) G. burmensis sp. nov.; (P) G. glaucaria; (Q) G. rana; (R) G. sigaria. Scale bar 1 mm.

Figure 4. Female genitalia of Geometra. (A) G. papilionaria; (B) G. symaria; (C) G. albovenaria; (D) G. valida; (E) G. euryagyia; (F) G. dieckmanni; (G) G. sponsaria; (H) G. ussuriensis; (I) G. neovalida sp. nov.; (J) G. flavifrontaria; (K) G. purissima; (L) G. smaragdus; (M) G. fragilis; (N) G. sinoisaria; (O) G. glaucaria; (P) G. rana. Scale bar 1mm.

Figure 5. Segment 8 of Geometra. (A) G. papilionaria; (B) G. symaria; (C) G. albovenaria; (D) G. valida; (E) G. euryagyia; (F) G. dieckmanni; (G) G. sponsaria; (H) G. ussuriensis; (I) G. neovalida sp. nov.; (J) G. flavifrontaria; (K) G. purissima; (L) G. smaragdus; (M) G. fragilis; (N) G. sinoisaria; (O) G. burmensis sp. nov.; (P) G. glaucaria; (Q) G. rana; (R) G. sigaria.