Frankliniella graminis, Cavalleri, Adriano & Mound, Laurence A., 2012

Cavalleri, Adriano & Mound, Laurence A., 2012, Toward the identification of Frankliniella species in Brazil (Thysanoptera, Thripidae), Zootaxa 3270, pp. 1-30 : 9-10

Frankliniella graminis sp.n.

( Figs 8 , 31 , 96 , 109 , 131 )

Female macroptera. Body extensively yellow, including legs; antennal segments I–II yellow, III–IV yellowish brown and V–VIII brown, V distinctively yellowish in basal third; abdominal segment X extensively darkened, except for basal fifth; fore wings pale to weakly shaded.

Head about 1.1 times as wide as long and clearly prolonged anteriorly in front of eyes; posterior region with several transverse lines of sculpture; three pairs of ocellar setae present, pair III well-developed (33 microns) and arising close to anterior margin of ocellar triangle margin; six pairs of fine po setae, pair IV not distinctively longer than others. Antennae 8-segmented, segments III and IV each with a forked sensorium; pedicel on III simple. Pronotum about 1.2 times as wide as long, with weak lines of sculpture; two pairs of long posteroangular setae and about 18 small discal setae; posteromarginal setae pair II about 1.5 times as long as pair I; aa setae minute and am scarcely longer than discal setae. Mesonotum with transverse elongate reticles. Metanotum with transverse lines of sculpture anteriorly, irregularly reticulate posteromedially; paired campaniform sensilla absent; two pairs of setae arising at anterior margin; fore wings with two complete rows of setae.

Abdominal tergites IV–VIII with ctenidia laterally; II–VII with few lateral and irregular teeth on posterior margin; VIII with a complete posteromarginal comb of microtrichia arising from triangular bases; S1 setae on IX clearly shorter than S2. Sternites without discal setae and with three pairs of long posteromarginal setae; sternites II–VII with an irregular craspedum of short and broad teeth posteriorly; craspeda sometimes interrupted medially. Measurements (holotype female in microns). Body length 1,080 (distended). Head, length 113; width 120; dorsal eye length 60; ocellar setae pair III interval between pores 22. Pronotum, length 108; width 135; pronotal outer and inner pa setae length 40, 58, respectively. Fore wing length 510; median width 48. Abdominal tergite IX setae S1 and S2 length 90, 105, respectively. Antennal segments I–VIII length (width), 22 (25), 32 (25), 37 (20), 32 (18), 30 (17), 45 (17), 10 (5), 15 (7).

Male macroptera. Smaller than female, body uniformly yellow without brown markings; posterior margin of abdominal tergites II–VII with well-developed craspedum of tooth like lobes; tergite VIII with a complete comb of microtrichia; abdominal sternites II–VIII with toothed craspedum posteriorly; sternites III–VII with large transverse pore plates.

Measurements (paratype male in microns). Body length 1,030 (distended). Head, length 105. Pronotum, length 105; width 130; pronotal outer and inner pa setae length 41, 48, respectively. Fore wing length 460; median width 45. Pore plate on abdominal segment VII median length 10; width 65.

Material examined. Holotype female, Brazil: Minas Gerais, Juiz de Fora, (21º46’47”S, 43º22’23”W), 900 m, 11.xii.2011, on Cymbopogon citratus (A. Cavalleri) .

Paratypes: 1 male collected with holotype; 3 females with similar data but on Setaria parviflora ; 4 females, 1 male with similar data but on Melinis minutiflora ; Goiás, Santo Antônio de Goiás, 750 m, 3 females collected in rice crops, 17.iii.2008 (J.A. Barrigossi).

Comments. This species seems to be related to other yellow, grass-living Frankliniella , such as bondari and frumenti . All of these have the head prolonged anteriorly, and relatively slender major setae on the head and thorax. As in bondari , the metanotum lacks campaniform sensilla, and po setal pair I on the head is frequently absent. However, this new species is remarkable in having very short or even minute pronotal aa and am setae. In general, the length of such setae on other Frankliniella species is more or less constant, with exception of some species in the minuta group, which also exhibit weakly developed pronotal anteromarginals and anteroangulars. Moreover, the presence of strongly toothed tergal and sternal craspeda in males is unique in this genus. This structure is also present in females but is less clearly developed, usually with a few stout teeth posterolaterally on tergites and sternites. This new taxon seems to be particularly common in central and southeastern highlands, living in several Poaceae species.

Figures

FIGURES 7 – 12. Females of Frankliniella spp. (7) F. fulvipes; (8) F. graminis sp. n.; (9) F. insularis; (10) F. m i n u t a; (11) F. musaeperda; (12) F. nakaharai.

FIGURES 31 – 42. Head and pronotum of Frankliniella spp. (31) F. graminis sp. n.; (32) F. g e m i n a; (33) F. hemerocallis; (34) F. insularis; (35) F. nakaharai; (36) F. occidentalis; (37) F. peruviana; (38) F. p l a t e n s i s; (39) F. serrata; (40) F. s i m p l e x; (41) F. varipes; (42) F. williamsi.

FIGURES 87 – 98. Abdominal tergites of Frankliniella spp. (87) F. australis; (88) F. bertelsi; (89) F. brevicaulis; (90) F. caseariae; (91) F. c u r t a; (92) F. fulvipennis; (93) F. fulvipes; (94) F. g a rd e n i a e; (95) F. gemina; (96) F. graminis sp. n.; (97) F. hemerocallis; (98) F. insularis.

FIGURES 99 – 109. Abdominal tergites of Frankliniella spp. (99) F. musaeperda; (100) F. n ak a ha r ai; (101) F. occidentalis; (102) F. oxyura; (103) F. peruviana; (104) F. schultzei; (105) F. p l a t e n s i s; (106) F. serrata; (107) F. s i m p l e x; (108) F. v a r i p e s; (109) F. graminis sp. n. (lateral view of tergites IV – V).

FIGURES 116 – 132. Antenna of Frankliniella spp. (116) F. annulipes; (117) F. australis; (118) F. b i c o l o r; (119) F. brevicaulis; (120) F. brunnea; (121) F. c a s e a r i a e; (122) F. c o n d e i; (123) F. c u r t a; (124) F. desantisi; (125) F. distinguenda; (126) F. f r u - menti; (127) F. fulvipennis; (128) F. fulvipes; (129) F. g a rd e n i a e; (130) F. g e m i n a; (131) F. graminis sp. n.; (132) F. h e m e ro - callis.