Eurytoma werauhia Gates

Gates, Michael W. & Cascante-Marin, And Alfredo, 2004, A new phytophagous species of Eurytoma (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) attacking Werauhia gladioliflora (Bromeliales: Bromeliaceae), Zootaxa 512, pp. 1-10 : 2-6

Eurytoma werauhia Gates , new species

( Figs. 1–15 , 18, 19, 21 )

Diagnosis.— F1 broadened apically with double staggered row of longitudinal sensilla in apical half, 1.2 X as long as F2; extensive reddish brown coloration on gaster laterally, ventrally and in dorsal third (medially); procoxa reticulate laterally and in anterobasal 2/3, carinate anteroapically, depressed anteriorly in basal half for reception of lower head, depression strongly carinate along outer edge and semicircular in frontal view; petiole barely 2 X as long as greatest thickness, ventral margin with several complete strong longitudinal carinae, dorsally rugose.

Female holotype.— Body length 6.2 mm. Color: black; following areas yellow: scape, pedicel, anellus, tegula, pretarsus; following areas reddish brown: all coxae, legs, gaster laterally, ventrally and in dorsal third (medially); following areas white: meso and metatibiae apically, all tarsomeres; following area brown: wing veins. Sculpture: face ( Fig. 3 ), mesepisternum (anterior to femoral depression), metapleuron, and lateral areas of propodeum ( Figs. 6, 7 ) covered with contiguous setigerous punctures, interstices alveolate dorsally, appearing microreticulate at low magnification; supraclypeal area and gena convex, microreticulate; lateral panel of pronotum elongate­imbricate; mesepimeron and femoral depression striate; prepectus glabrous, concave along longitudinal axis, concavity transversely carinate, ovately concave ventrally, set off from lateral concavity by robust carina ( Fig. 8 ), [ventral prepectus fused to mesosternum posteriorly]; procoxa reticulate laterally and in anterobasal 2/3, carinate anteroapically; coxae variously microreticulate, mesocoxa more polished than metacoxa; propodeum smooth, with numerous carinae forming irregular asetose cells ( Fig. 7 ), median channel carinate laterally, these carinae cross­connected by weaker carinae to irregular median carina; metasoma mostly glabrous ( Figs. 5 a, b). Prosoma: Genal carina well developed ( Fig. 4 ); scrobal basin carinate laterally; interantennal projection in lateral view a semicircular lamina extending ~0.2 X length of scape; clypeus shallowly bilobate ( Fig. 3 ); ratio of lateral ocellus:ocellocular distance:postocellar distance 10:22:29; scape reaching just above midocellus; ratio scape (minus radicle):pedicel:anellus:F1:F2:F3:F4:F5:club as 48:10:3:24:20:18:117:16:40; F1 broadening apically, with double staggered row of longitudinal sensilla in apical half ( Fig. 1 ); C1 with discrete separation from C2+C3. Mesosoma: [Propleuron ( Fig. 8 ) subtriangular; prosternum ( Fig. 8 ) triangular, posterior margin with setigerous depressions, 4–5 cruciate setae medially]; procoxa depressed anteriorally in basal half for reception of lower head, depression strongly carinate along outer edge ( Fig. 14 ), semicircular in frontal view; mesopleuron/mesepisternum ( Figs. 6 , 8 ) with arcuate carinae meeting medially and forming a ridge between procoxae, procoxal depressions rugulose, subpleural area (mesosternal shelf) flat, subequal to mesocoxal diameter ( Fig. 6 ); ratio marginal vein:postmarginal vein:stigmal vein as 55:32:25 ( Fig. 15 ). Metasoma: Teardrop­shaped in lateral view, ovipositor angled slightly dorsad horizontal ( Fig. 5 a); gastral petiole [Mt1, difficult to see without dissection] somewhat asymmetric in lateral view ( Fig. 5 a), with dorsal length barely 2 X as long as greatest thickness, ~0.5 X as long as metacoxa, ventral margin with several complete strong longitudinal carinae, dorsally rugose; ratio of petiole (dorsal length measured in lateral view), Mt2 – Mt8, ovipositor sheath (all measured dorsally): 6:7:13:19:48:30:18:8:4.

Male.— Body length 4.9–5.3 mm. Color: black, yellow and reddish­brown areas as described for female; gaster entirely black dorsally, reddish brown only laterally and ventrally. Sculpture as for female. Antennal ( Fig. 2 ) segments pedicellate with 2 or more rows of erect setae each 1– 2 X as long as width of segment; ratio scape (minus radicle):pedicel:anellus:F1:F2:F3: F4:F5:club as 48:9:3:31:27:27:25:16:33. Gastral petiole (in lateral view) cylindrical ( Fig. 9 ), dorsal length about 3 X as long as greatest thickness, slightly longer than metacoxa, without carinae, evenly rugulose.

Var ia t io n.—Females vary in length between 5.8–6.5mm. In females, the yellow areas vary from bright, clear yellow to varyingly infused with black, especially the mesofemur. The pro­ and metafemora may be nearly all black but the base and apex generally retain a small amount of yellow. On some males and females the anterolateral edge of the pronotum may be carinate, and in the case of a few males it projects outward as a perceptible flange.

Larval Description.— Length final instar 7.5–8.5 mm; maximum width 1.9–2.7 mm.

Body barrel­shaped, broadest medially, tapering anteriorly and posteriorly ( Fig. 12 ). Color whitish, greenish tinge when alive or in ethanol. Antenna ~2.0x as long as broad ( Fig. 11 , arrow). Mandibles of type 1, heavily sclerotized. Setae moderately to heavily sclerotized, long, conspicuous ( Figs. 11–13 ). TH1–2 with four dorsal setae (2 Ds and 2 Di), one pair pleural setae (P), one pair lateral setae (L), and one pair ventral setae (V); TH3 with two dorsal setae (2 Ds), one pair pleural setae (P), one pair lateral setae (L), and one pair ventral setae (V); A1–8 each with less conspicuous pair Ds setae, a single pair P (A1 has two pair) and a single pair V setae (sometimes absent). AS with two pair inconspicuous dorsal setae, ventral setae absent. One larva lacks V setae from both A2 and A3 and has an additional single dorsal seta medially on T3.

Pupal Description.— Length 4.5–6.2 mm; maximum width 1.2–1.9 mm.

The pupal stage is the obtect form typical of most Chalcidoidea, and lacks distinguishing features; glabrous ( Fig. 10 ).

Type specimens.— Holotype Ψ, here designated. Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Monteverde, Tilarán Mtns, Pacific slope, Upper San Luis river watershed, 1050m, 10°17’10”N 84°47’40”W, 24.xi–7.xii.2002, A. Cascante­Marin ( USNM). Paratypes, 7Ψ 18ɗ, same data as holotype (4Ψ, 11ɗ, USNM; 3Ψ, 7ɗ MNCR).

Etymology.— This species is named for the genus of bromeliad with which it is associated.

Host.—Reared from floral buds of Werauhia gladioliflora.

Distribution.—Known from a single locality in Costa Rica.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 7. Eurytoma werauhia, female, except as noted: 1, antenna; 2, antenna (male); 3 – 4, anterior, posterior head; 5 a, lateral metasoma; 5 b, lateral petiole; 6, lateral mesosoma; 7, propodeum.

FIGURES 8 – 15. Eurytoma werauhia, female, except as noted: 8, ventral mesosoma; 9, lateral metasoma (male); 10, dorsal pupa; 11, anteroventral head, larva; 12, lateral habitus, larva; 13, anterolateral habitus, larva; 14, procoxae; 15, fore wing.

FIGURES 16 – 21. Werauhia gladioliflora: 16, flowering specimen, in situ; 17, infested inflorescence; 18, male of E. werauhia drowned in bractal mucilage; 19, dissected floral bud with E. werauhia larva; 20, floral buds with damage by E. werauhia: emergence holes and necrotic interiors; 21, dissected floral bud with E. werauhia pupa.