Eurytoma longavena Bugbee, 1951

Zhang, Y. Miles, Gates, Michael W. & Shorthouse, Joseph D., 2017, Revision of Canadian Eurytomidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea) associated with galls induced by cynipid wasps of the genus Diplolepis Geoffroy (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae) and description of a new species, Journal of Hymenoptera Research 61, pp. 1-29 : 7-10

Eurytoma longavena Bugbee

Figs 8 , 25 , 28 , 30 , 34

Eurytoma longavena Bugbee, 1951b: 249-250. Holotype female (USNM). Type data: CANADA, British Columbia [Terrance]; associated with galls induced by Diplolepis bicolor (Ashmead) on species of Rosa , 1927.

Eurytoma hebes Bugbee, 1973: 13-14. Holotype female (USNM). Type data: CANADA, Alberta [Peace River]; associated with galls induced by Diplolepis polita (Ashmead) on species of Rosa , August 16, 1970. Syn. n.

Eurytoma spina Bugbee, 1951b: 250-251. Holotype female (USNM). Type data: USA, Oregon [La Grande]; bred from Diplolepis tuberculatrix versicolor on Rosa species, April 12, 1920. Syn. n.

Diagnosis.

This species differs from other eurytomids in the wholly brown to black scape, legs (except apices of femora and tibiae) (Fig. 8 ). Additionally, the females have large Gt4 that covers most of Gt5.

Females.

Body length 3.0-3.7 mm. Color: Black, except for the following yellow to brown: apices of all legs, protibia laterally, tip of ovipositor sheaths, tarsomeres, wing venation (Fig. 8 ).

Head. 1.25 × as broad as high, umbilicate punctured with small tentorial pits. Genal carina present; malar space 0.8 × eye height; clypeus weakly emarginate and supraclypeal area smooth (Fig. 22 ). Ratio of LOL:OOL:POL is 1:1.6:2.5. Head posteriorly with postgenal lamina and postgenal grooves ridged, delimited ventrally by postgenal depression. Postgena sparsely setose. Toruli dorsad, positioned about dorsad to lower ocular line. Funicular segments subequal in size; pedicel chalice-shaped; funicular segments fusiform; F1 slightly narrowed basally, funicular segments with 2 rows of longitudinal sensilla and 3 whorls of setae.

Mesosoma. Largely umbilicate, 1.2 × as long as broad; notauli complete, shallow. Epicnemium imbricate, flattened. Mesepisternum anterior to femoral depression umbilicate; mesepimeron mesepimeron reticulate ventrally, striolate or smooth dorsally, with longitudinal rugae originating from the posterior margin. Precoxal tooth formed by raised adscrobal carina present in lateral view. Lateral panels of propodeum and callus umbilicately punctate, distinctly delimited from median area by carinae forming irregular setose cells, median furrow delimited, forming 2 rows of irregular foveae (Fig. 25 ). Procoxa imbricate, lacking setation proximally. Mesocoxal lamella absent. Metacoxa sparsely setose anteriorly and one row of setae on the posterior apical margin. Forewing hyaline, marginal vein subequal to postmarginal vein in length. Basal cell with one row of setae.

Metasoma. Gaster 1.3 × as long as mesosoma in lateral view; smooth, anterior edge of gastral tergites microreticulate (Fig. 28 ). Petiole 0.6 × as long as broad in dorsal view, with projecting lateral teeth as well as mediodorsal prong. Gaster laterally compressed, oval shaped and convex in lateral view, ovipositor parallel to horizontal axis. Gt1-4 glabrate, Gt5-8 and apex of ovipositor sheaths setose. Gt5 emarginate to expose Gt6 spiracle. Gt4 weakly emarginate in dorsal view.

Male.

Body length: 1.7-2.2 mm. Color: Black, yellow areas as described for female. Sculpture as described for female. Antennae with funicular segments pedunculate, F2-F5 each with 2 rows of erect setae and 1 row of longitudinal sensilla (Fig. 30 ); scape with ventral plate in apical half. Gastral petiole in lateral view cylindrical, in dorsal view length about 1.5 × as long as greatest width, 0.6 × times length of metacoxa; evenly reticulate dorsally and ventrally, obliterated laterally.

Remarks.

This widespread species is found from galls of 7 native species of Diplolepis that induce galls on leaves. Additionally, it is collected from stem galls of D. fusiformans , a species that is closely related to D. rosaefolii , which induces galls on leaves ( Shorthouse 2010, Plantard et al. 1998). Two generations of E. longavena have been recorded as "fall emergents" exit spring-induced galls (e.g. D. polita ) as early as mid-summer to early fall, while "spring emergents" overwinter and exit from galls the following year ( Shorthouse 1973, 2010). It is likely that fall emergents attack late-summer induced galls (e.g. D. nebulosa ), or late appearing galls of D. polita ( Shorthouse 1973); however, it is unknown what factors determine this bivoltinism. E. hebes shares all the distinguishing characters of E. longavena but are smaller and brown, thus they are synonymized under the latter. This species closely resembles E. iniquus , but can be distinguished by the wholly black pro- and mesocoxae.

Biology.

Reared from galls induced by Diplolepis bassetti , D. bicolor , D. fusiformans on R. blanda ; D. gracilis on R. woodsii ; D. nebulosa on R. blanda ; D. polita , D. rosaefolii on R. acicularis and R. woodsii ; and D. variabilis on Rosa sp.

Material examined

(52 females, 22 males). CANADA: Alberta: Coaldale, 24.X.2002, J.D. Shorthouse, ex Diplolepis nebulosa on Rosa woodsii (2F, 1M, CNCI); Peace River , 16.VIII.1970, J.D. & M.R. Shorthouse, ex Diplolepis polita fall/spring emergence (19F, 3M, CNCI) . British Columbia: Kelowna , 19.X.1999, R.G. Lalonde, ex Diplolepis rosaefolii on Rosa woodsii (7F, 3M, CNCI) . Ontario: Cochrane, 24.IV.2010, J.D. Shorthouse & Y.M. Zhang, ex Diplolepis rosaefolii on Rosa acicularis (8F, 7M, CNCI); Chelmsford, 1.X.1995, J.D.Shorthouse (2F, CNC); Manitoulin Island, 4.IX. 2010, J.D. & M.R. Shorthouse, ex D. nebulosa on Rosa blanda (2F, 4M, CNCI); Moose Factory Island , J.D. Shorthouse & M.G. St. John , ex Diplolepis polita on Rosa acicularis (4F, CNCI); Renfrew, 15.IV.2000, J.D. Shorthouse, ex Diplolepis fusiformans on Rosa blanda (2M, CNCI) . Québec: La Sarre, B.L. Smallwood & Y.M. Zhang , 13.VII.2010, ex D. polita on R. acicularis (5F, 1M, CNCI) . Saskatchewan: Douglas Provincial Park, J.D. & M.R. Shorthouse, 26.IX.1999, ex D. gracilis on Rosa woodsii (2F, 1M, CNCI); Pike Lake Provincial Park, J.D. & M.R. Shorthouse , 29.IX.1999, ex D. gracilis on Rosa woodsii (1F, CNCI) .

Distribution.

Widespread, from British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Ontario, and Québec (Fig. 34 ).

Figures

Figures 6 - 11. Tenuipetiolus ruber 6 Female habitus. Eurytoma iniquus 7 Female habitus. E. longavena 8 Female habitus. E. discordans 9 Female habitus. E. imminuta 10 Female habitus (length 2.0 mm). E. spongiosa 11 Female habitus (length 3.2 mm), arrow pointing to precoxal tooth formed by the adscrobal carina.

Figure 24 - 28. Eurytoma shorthousei 24 Face in lateral view. E. longavena 25 Propodeum 28 Female metasoma, lateral view. E. discordans 26 Female antenna 27 Female metasoma.

Figure 29 - 31. Eurytoma discordans 29 Male antenna. E. longavena 30 Male antenna 31 Known localities of Tenuipetiolus ruber in Canada.

Figure 32 - 37. 32 Known localities of Eurytoma shorthousei in Canada 33 Known localities of E. iniquus in Canada 34 Known localities of E. longavena in Canada 35 Known localities of E. discordans in Canada. 36. Known localities of E. imminuta in Canada 37 Known localities of E. spongiosa in Canada.

Figures 18 - 23. Eurytoma obtusilobae 18 Propodeum 20 Petiole, lateral view. E. shorthousei sp. n. 19 Propodeal spiracle 21 Petiole, dorsal view. E. discordans: 22 Head, anterior view 23 Head, posterior view.